scholarly journals Governing complexity and environmental justice: lessons from the water crisis in Metropolitan São Paulo (2013-2015)

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Campello Torres ◽  
Pedro Luiz Côrtes ◽  
Pedro Roberto Jacobi
Keyword(s):  
Water Governance ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Governance Processes ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents a discussion on the water crisis that occurred between 2013 and 2015 in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, the lack of integrated natural resources planning, and the reaction of social actors affected by the crisis. The region was affected by an extreme hydrological and climatological event, which was combined with the unsustainable management of water resources. The paper addresses, initially, the dynamics of water governance in the region, and the main aspects related to water availability and climate dependence that caused the water crisis. Then, we present an analysis of the process that led to the water crisis and its main developments, which is based on the follow-up of the different moments of the crisis and dialogues with its relevant stakeholders. The results indicate the relevance of emphasizing issues on matters such as the lack of transparency and highlight the role of societal initiatives. We conclude the paper with a proposition to discuss governance processes that can contribute to the development of more effective initiatives in order to reduce the impact of this visible change in water regimes, strengthen transparent management, and promote a more democratic interaction between social actors and the government.

scholarly journals Water governance and social justice in São Paulo, Brazil

Water Policy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (S2) ◽  
pp. 78-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
LaDawn Haglund
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Legal Discourses ◽  
Multiple Uses ◽  
Legal Interventions

In the greater metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil, close to 20 million people share water resources across multiple uses, from industry to recreation to basic household use. These resources have come under increasing strain due to urban expansion, poor planning, and, more recently, climate change. Conflicts among uses and their underlying principles are increasingly adjudicated in courts, with the Ministério Público (Public Prosecutor's Office) acting as a key advocate for both human rights and environmental protection. As legal interventions become more common in policy questions, how are justice principles shaping emerging approaches to water governance? And how are these types of cases provoking a reconsideration of the role of law in public administration? This paper analyzes the justice ramifications of an increasing use of legal discourses and practices to adjudicate water-related conflicts in São Paulo. It also, and conversely, shows how legal battles over water and sanitation force a shift in the behavior and perspectives of legal actors, and subsequently broaden the meaning of ‘justice.’

Strikes and Pickets in Brazil: Working-Class Mobilization in the “Old” and “New” Unionism, the Strikes of 1957 and 1980

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 86-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Fontes ◽  
Francisco Barbosa de Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Labor History ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
Time Gap ◽  
Brazilian History ◽  
New Unionism ◽  
The City

AbstractThis article analyzes the role of pickets in two of the most emblematic strikes in Brazilian labor history during the twentieth century: the “strike of the 400,000,” which involved several industry categories in São Paulo and neighboring cities in 1957, and the “forty-one days strike” in 1980 involving the metalworkers of the industrial belt, known as ABC Paulista, in the metropolitan region of the city of São Paulo. Both strikes broke out at a time of profound reconfiguration of Brazilian society, marked by industrialization, migration, and urbanization processes. Although separated by a time gap of almost twenty-five years, both the “strike of the 400,000” and the “forty-one days strike” reveal important aspects of the performance of workers in that crucial period of Brazilian history.

scholarly journals A satellite-based investigation into the algae bloom variability in large water supply urban reservoirs during COVID-19 lockdown

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enner Alcantara ◽  
Keyla Coimbra ◽  
Igor Ogashawara ◽  
Thanan Rodrigues ◽  
Jose Mantovani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Here we report the first case study of the significant algae blooming in large reservoirs in relation to the COVID-19 lockdown in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and phycocyanin (PC) concentrations were analyzed in the Guarapiranga and Billings reservoirs, which supply daily water use for over 20 million people and receives treated wastewater. We employed field-calibrated Sentinel 2 MSI and Landsat 8 OLI images to map the spatial patterns of Chl-aand PC over the two period: before (April, August and October 2019) and more than a month after the lockdown in Sao Paulo due to the rapid spread of the COVID-19 in Brazil (April 2020). We found a significant increase in algae blooming (both Chl-a and PC) in both reservoirs in April 2020, compared to the same month of 2019. We show that the episodic algae blooming is strongly related to the increased inflows of the residential wastewater from the surrounding watersheds, because the household water use has increased ~3.2% in April 2020, while the runoff into the reservoirs driven by the rainfall was much lower in 2020 compared to the previous year for the same month. In the case of Guarapiranga Reservoir, PC increased nearly 500% in April 2020 compared to April 2019. Given the importance of Billings and Guarapiranga reservoirs for the water supply of the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo (MRSP), the abrupt occurrence of cyanobacteria blooms related to the state’s lockdown should be considered a major concern for public and environmental health of the region. Although several environmental consequences have been reported due to the COVID-19 worldwide, this study is the first to report the impact of COVID-19 on the trophic state in the tropical reservoirs.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 298-302
Author(s):  
Francisco Vidal Luna ◽  
Herbert S. Klein
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Leadership Position ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the basic themes discussed in the book and the major conclusions reached which explain the rise of São Paulo to its important leadership position. We stress the importance of coffee, the role of the state in promoting the economy, the impact of immigration and the infrastructure established which enabled the state to become the leading economy in the second half of the 20th century

scholarly journals Water crisis in São Paulo evaluated under the disaster's point of view

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érico Soriano ◽  
Luciana de Resende Londe ◽  
Leandro Torres Di Gregorio ◽  
Marcos Pellegrini Coutinho ◽  
Leonardo Bacellar Lima Santos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Water Crisis ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Response And Recovery

Abstract Brazil's Southeast region has been facing water supply challenges, especially concerning the metropolitan region of São Paulo, since 2014. We adressed the water crisis from the disaster's point of view, considering that one of the guiding features to characterize a disaster is the amount of affected people and the losses associated. In the situation under review, there are people directly affected, because of intermittent house water supply, and indirectly affected by the increase of prices for goods, since their production and manufacturing depend on the availability of water. We presented each of the stages of a disaster risk management: prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. The risk of water scarcity in São Paulo is only one aspect of the discussion involving the effectiveness of management processes and the need for investments in the area, especially in reducing wasteful distribution.

scholarly journals Heat Wave and Elderly Mortality: Historical Analysis and Future Projection for Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Fernanda Rodrigues Diniz ◽  
Fábio Luiz Teixeira Gonçalves ◽  
Scott Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Wave ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

The Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo (MRSP) is one of the main regions of Brazil that in recent years has shown an increase in the number of days with heat waves, mainly affecting the health of the most sensitive populations, such as the elderly. In this study, we identified the heat waves in the MRSP using three different definitions regarding the maximum daily temperature threshold. To analyze the impact of heat waves on elderly mortality, we used distributed lag nonlinear models (dlnm) and we quantified the heat wave-related excess mortality of elderly people from 1985 to 2005 and made projections for the near future (2030 to 2050) and the distant future (2079–2099) under the climate change scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (RCP: Representative Concentration Paths). An important aspect of this research is that for the projections we take into account two assumptions: non-adaptation and adaptation to the future climate. Our projections show that the heat wave-related excess of elderly mortality will increase in the future, being highest when we consider no adaptation, mainly from cardiovascular diseases in women (up to 587 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants per year). This study can be used for public policies to implement preventive and adaptive measures in the MRSP.

Water governance and natural disasters in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro R. Jacobi ◽  
Mariana Gutierres Arteiro da Paz ◽  
Renata Souza Leão ◽  
Luizi Maria Brandão Estancione
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo

scholarly journals “Women fear the law more than abusers”: a study of public trust in health and legal response to violence against women in Santo André, São Paulo State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dabney P. Evans ◽  
Casey D. Xavier Hall ◽  
Nancy DeSousa ◽  
Jasmine D. Wilkins ◽  
Ellen Dias de Oliveira Chiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Legal Response ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
São Paulo State ◽  
The Government

Abstract: Little is known about how perceptions of government affects women’s views of violence against women. This qualitative study examines women’s perceptions of violence against women laws and trust in the health and legal sector response in São Paulo State, Brazil. Thirty interviews with female residents of Santo André, 18 years and older, were audio recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes using MAXQDA12 software. All women were familiar with at least one federal violence against women law. They expressed widespread lack of trust in the government. They viewed the legal sector as ineffective and felt violence against women laws have little impact, or exacerbate violence. Disdain for the health sector was less prominent than for the legal sector. A generalized lack of trust in government manifests as a lack of confidence in these laws for women seeking support through legal and health sectors. Adoption of legal protections for women is a significant accomplishment. However, health and legal sector violence against women response needs to consider perceptions of government, how violence against women laws are operationalized, and the role of each sector in ensuring women’s safety. Violence against women response efforts should include standardized intersectoral procedures including referral to accessible resources and means of screening women who may be at high risk for femicide.

scholarly journals Factors that Differentiate Preadolescents' Perception-Change of Parental Legitimacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-44
Author(s):  
Laura C. Edwards ◽  
Herbert Rodrigues ◽  
Kendra J. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Parental Authority ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Legal Socialization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Whether preadolescents perceive their parents’ authority as legitimate or not depends, in part, on the concerns and issues that they have dealt with before and during their preadolescence. Utilizing data from the first and second waves of the São Paulo Legal Socialization Study (SPLSS), we conducted one-way MANOVAs to analyze the role of procedural justice and the impact of victimization on preadolescents’ perceptions of parental legitimacy across domains. Preadolescents were split into four distinct groups based on their perceptions of parental legitimacy and whether the perception shifted across the two waves of data. The study revealed a significant difference across groups in terms of procedural justice and on preadolescents’ reported victimization levels. The latter indicate that suffering some form of victimization may have resulted in delegitimizing parental authority. The findings broaden the literature on parenting practices in preadolescence and make salient an emerging field of victimization impacting parental legitimacy.

scholarly journals Das cooperativas autofinanciadas às construtoras e incorporadoras de capital aberto: a ampliação do mercado habitacional

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Carolina Maria Pozzi de Castro ◽  
Lúcia Zanin Shimbo
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Production Structure ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Middle Strata ◽  
The Impact

Este artigo analisa as principais alterações e permanências que ocorreram na produção habitacional voltada para os estratos médio e médio-baixo da população, promovida pelas cooperativas autofinanciadas da década de 1990 e pelas empresas construtoras e incorporadoras de capital aberto dos anos 2000 na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP). Em especial, enfatizamos algumas questões relacionadas ao padrão de lançamentos residenciais, à estrutura produtiva e de financiamento e ao impacto dessa produção no conjunto da dinâmica imobiliária metropolitana. Partimos do argumento de que a formação de um padrão econômico, inicialmente proposto pelas cooperativas autofinanciadas e, posteriormente, potencializado pelas empresas financeirizadas com forte apoio estatal, tornou-se fundamental para a consolidação de um mercado habitacional e para a elevação da atividade imobiliária em períodos recentes. Palavras-chave: habitação; mercado habitacional; política habitacional; cooperativas; autofinanciamento; empresas construtoras; capital financeiro. Abstract: This paper analyzes the main changes and continuities that have occurred in housing production towards the middle strata of the population, promoted by the self-financing cooperatives of the 1990s and by the construction companies and developers that have opened their capital in the 2000s, in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo. In particular, we emphasize some questions related to the pattern of residential launches, the production structure and financing and the impact of this production on the dynamic of real estate throughout the metropolitan area. We argue that the making of an economic standard, originally proposed by cooperatives, was later potentiated by the financialized companies with strong government support. This process became crucial to the consolidation of the housing market and to the rising of real estate dynamics in recent periods. Keywords: planning; socio-spatial dialectics; modernity; social space.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document