scholarly journals EFEITO DA PLANTA MATRIZ, ESTAÇÃO DO ANO E AMBIENTE DE CULTIVO NA MINIESTAQUIA DE Pinus radiata

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rachel Rabelo Corrêa ◽  
Bruno Schultz ◽  
Celso Garcia Auer ◽  
Antonio Rioyei Higa
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Collection Point ◽  
Conifer Seedling ◽  
Cutting Production

A estaquia de genótipos superiores de Pinus radiata é uma prática comum na silvicultura. Para sua utilização no Brasil, protocolos de propagação precisam ser estabelecidos. Este trabalho avaliou a miniestaquia aplicada à produção de mudas da espécie, estudando a posição de coleta de broto na planta matriz, a estação do ano e o minijardim. Plantas matrizes seminais, com 1 m de altura e 1,5 anos de idade, foram utilizadas para a produção de miniestacas. Três ensaios consecutivos foram feitos: (i) o enraizamento das miniestacas coletadas de três posições nas matrizes (topo, intermediário e basal), (ii) a influência do minijardim (vaso, canaletão e campo) no desenvolvimento de minicepas e (iii) o efeito da estação do ano (inverno, primavera e verão) sobre o desenvolvimento de miniestacas coletadas de minicepas no canaletão, no vaso e em campo. As miniestacas coletadas da região intermediária das matrizes, com 1,5 anos de idade, apresentaram maior enraizamento do que as coletadas no topo e na região basal. As melhores estações para o desenvolvimento dos brotos foram inverno e primavera, em ambientes de vaso e campo. O verão promoveu melhor desenvolvimento das miniestacas em casa de vegetação, a partir de matrizes cultivadas em canaletão.Palavras-chave: Clonagem; conífera; produção de muda; propagação vegetativa. AbstractEffect of matrix plant, season and minigarden on Pinus radiata minicutting. Cutting of superior genotypes of Pinus radiata is current in forestry. For such practice in Brazil, protocols of propagation need to be established. We evaluated the mini-cutting applied to seedling production, focusing the collection point in matrix plant, season, and minigarden. We used seminal matrix 1 m height and 1.5 years old for mini-cutting production. Three consecutive trials were made: (i) the rooting of mini-cuttings collected from three points in the matrix (top, intermediate and basal), (ii) the influence of minigarden (pot, gutters and field) in development of rooted, and (iii) the effect of season (winter, spring and summer) on the development of rooted cuttings collected in pot, gutters and field. The mini-cuttings collected from the intermediate region of the 1.5 years old seedlings matrices had higher rooting than those collected from the top and basal region. The best time for the development of buds was winter and spring in pots as well as field environments. Summer promoted the best development of mini-cuttings, in greenhouse, from matrix plant grown in gutters.Keywords: Cloning; conifer; seedling production, vegetative propagation.

scholarly journals Germination potential of Hymenaea courbaril L. in different maturation stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3667-3684
Author(s):  
Hugo Roldi Guariz ◽  
◽  
Halley Caixeta de Oliveira ◽  
Huezer Viganô Sperandio ◽  
Jean Carlo Baudraz de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Germination Potential ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Maturation Stages

The production of quality forest seedlings in large quantities is essential for the restoration of environments that have been deforested and degraded. However, obtaining seeds with high vigor is a challenge for several tree species native to Brazil. The objective of this work was to verify the germination potential of jatobá-da-mata seeds at different stages of maturation, in order to favor the production of seedlings of this species in nurseries. The seeds were extracted from green and ripe fruits detached from the mother plant and ripe fruits collected from the ground. The germination percentage, average germination time, emergence speed index, average speed, relative frequency, leaf area of the seedling, and length of the aerial part and root were measured. The planting was carried out with mechanically scarified and intact seeds from each maturation group. The results indicated that non-scarified green seeds can be used for planting and seedling production, as they do not require pre-germination treatment and have a favorable germination percentage (79%). Fruit seeds harvested from the ground, on the other hand, needed a method to overcome integumentary dormancy, such as mechanical scarification, obtaining a germination rate of 85%. The seeds of ripe fruits harvested in the matrix showed greater vigor, with a higher percentage of germination (96 to 100%), a higher emergence speed index, shorter average germination time, and seedlings with greater leaf area and greater length of shoot.

scholarly journals Efeito do ácido indolbutírico (AIB) no enraizamento de estacas herbáceas e lenhosas de serigueleira (Spondias purpurea L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Cleviana Goulart Afonso ◽  
◽  
Cristiano Pereira da Silva ◽  
Jonas Souza Correa ◽  
Margareth Ferreira Pistori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Spondias Purpurea ◽  
Commercial Fungicide

The serigueleira is a fruit that is little explored commercially in several regions of Brazil, having little work regarding the feasibility of seedling production by cuttings with and without plant regulators. Due to this lack of technical information, the present work has as main objective to evaluate the rooting of herbaceous and woody cuttings of the serigueleira (Spondias purpurea L.) treated with indolbutyric acid (AIB). Herbaceous and woody cuttings were obtained from a matrix plant with approximately fifteen years of age, with 12 cm in length the cuttings were cut in bevel and then immersed in a commercial fungicide solution of 0.2%. The cuttings were treated with AIB in the form of talc, 0, 1%, 2%, 3% and 5%, planted in beds containing vermiculite, rice straw and construction sand. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with four replications, each plot consisting of 10 cuttings. Cuttings were evaluated over 90 days, recording the following parameters: percentage of rooted cuttings, percentage of live cuttings and calluses, number of cuttings with buds, average length of the largest root and number of roots. Among the results obtained, the best concentration was 3% of 5% IBA in the rooting of herbaceous cuttings (17,25% in 17,75%) and 5% of IBA in the rooting of woody cuttings (22,25% e 22,55%). Herbaceous cuttings showed higher percentages of cuttings with calluses when compared to woody cuttings.

scholarly journals Somatic embryogenesis for conifer seedling production – The biology of scaling

REFORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 109-137
Author(s):  
Plamen Denchev ◽  
◽  
Steven Grossnickle ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Seedling Production ◽  
Conifer Seedling

Intercropping studies in geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L. Her. ex Ait)

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. S. Prakasa Rao ◽  
Munnu Singh ◽  
R. S. Ganesha Rao ◽  
B. R. Rajeswara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Aromatic Plant ◽  
Rooted Cuttings ◽  
Pelargonium Graveolens ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Plant Grown

Geranium (Geraniaceae) is an important aromatic plant grown for its light yellow to light brown or green coloured volatile essential oil obtained bysteam distillation of the green overground biomass. Geranium oil is extensively used in many perfumery formulations. The crop is generally raised from rooted cuttings whose initial slow growth leaves a large portion of land uncovered. Under identical situations in many other crops, it has been observed that growing grain or fodder legumes as intercrops resulted in monetary or yield advantages (Willey, 1979a,b; Mead & Willey, 1980; Rajeswara Rao & Singh, 1982, 1983; Rajeswara Rao & Sadaphal, 1983). The objective of the present investigation was to study the feasibility of growing a short-duration leguminous intercrop during the initial lag phase of geranium in such a way as not to affect the yield of geranium.

Crystalloid Inclusions in Hepatocyte Mitochondria and Their Similarity to Cytoplasmic Crystalloids

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 198-199
Author(s):  
Odell T. Minick ◽  
Hidejiro Yokoo
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Mitochondrial Alterations ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Crystalloid Inclusions ◽  
Liver Biopsies

Mitochondrial alterations were studied in 25 liver biopsies from patients with alcoholic liver disease. Of special interest were the morphologic resemblance of certain fine structural variations in mitochondria and crystalloid inclusions. Four types of alterations within mitochondria were found that seemed to relate to cytoplasmic crystalloids.Type 1 alteration consisted of localized groups of cristae, usually oriented in the long direction of the organelle (Fig. 1A). In this plane they appeared serrated at the periphery with blind endings in the matrix. Other sections revealed a system of equally-spaced diagonal lines lengthwise in the mitochondrion with cristae protruding from both ends (Fig. 1B). Profiles of this inclusion were not unlike tangential cuts of a crystalloid structure frequently seen in enlarged mitochondria described below.

Coherency loss in γ' precipitates in nickel-base superalloy

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 244-245
Author(s):  
R. A. Ricks ◽  
Angus J. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Nimonic 80A ◽  
Interfacial Dislocations ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Coherency Loss ◽  
Nimonic 115

During a recent investigation concerning the growth of γ' precipitates in nickel-base superalloys it was observed that the sign of the lattice mismatch between the coherent particles and the matrix (γ) was important in determining the ease with which matrix dislocations could be incorporated into the interface to relieve coherency strains. Thus alloys with a negative misfit (ie. the γ' lattice parameter was smaller than the matrix) could lose coherency easily and γ/γ' interfaces would exhibit regularly spaced networks of dislocations, as shown in figure 1 for the case of Nimonic 115 (misfit = -0.15%). In contrast, γ' particles in alloys with a positive misfit could grow to a large size and not show any such dislocation arrangements in the interface, thus indicating that coherency had not been lost. Figure 2 depicts a large γ' precipitate in Nimonic 80A (misfit = +0.32%) showing few interfacial dislocations.

Influence of Heat Treatments on Microstructures in an Fe-Co-V Alloy

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 512-513
Author(s):  
S. Mahajan ◽  
M. R. Pinnel ◽  
J. E. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Iced Brine ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bcc Structure

The microstructural changes in an Fe-Co-V alloy (composition by wt.%: 2.97 V, 48.70 Co, 47.34 Fe and balance impurities, such as C, P and Ni) resulting from different heat treatments have been evaluated by optical metallography and transmission electron microscopy. Results indicate that, on air cooling or quenching into iced-brine from the high temperature single phase ϒ (fcc) field, vanadium can be retained in a supersaturated solid solution (α2) which has bcc structure. For the range of cooling rates employed, a portion of the material appears to undergo the γ-α2 transformation massively and the remainder martensitically. Figure 1 shows dislocation topology in a region that may have transformed martensitically. Dislocations are homogeneously distributed throughout the matrix, and there is no evidence for cell formation. The majority of the dislocations project along the projections of <111> vectors onto the (111) plane, implying that they are predominantly of screw character.

Heterogeneity of Size and Distribution of Intramembrane Particles in the Plasma Membrane of Yeast

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 596-597
Author(s):  
E. Keyhani
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Candida Utilis ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Translational Diffusion ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Intramembrane Particles ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Water Cell

The matrix of biological membranes consists of a lipid bilayer into which proteins or protein aggregates are intercalated. Freeze-fracture techni- ques permit these proteins, perhaps in association with lipids, to be visualized in the hydrophobic regions of the membrane. Thus, numerous intramembrane particles (IMP) have been found on the fracture faces of membranes from a wide variety of cells (1-3). A recognized property of IMP is their tendency to form aggregates in response to changes in experi- mental conditions (4,5), perhaps as a result of translational diffusion through the viscous plane of the membrane. The purpose of this communica- tion is to describe the distribution and size of IMP in the plasma membrane of yeast (Candida utilis).Yeast cells (ATCC 8205) were grown in synthetic medium (6), and then harvested after 16 hours of culture, and washed twice in distilled water. Cell pellets were suspended in growth medium supplemented with 30% glycerol and incubated for 30 minutes at 0°C, centrifuged, and prepared for freeze-fracture, as described earlier (2,3).

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