scholarly journals Study Analysis Fuel from Plastic Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Azharuddin ◽  
Dwi Arnoldi ◽  
Fenoria Putri ◽  
Kemas M. Fadhil Almakky ◽  
M. Ivan Davala
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Study Analysis ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Polymer Compound ◽  
Waste Polymer

The explosion of plastic-based waste (polymer) in the environment, as a result of its excessive use, so that this phenomenon causes damage to environmental ecosystems, water absorption is not optimal causes flooding, and polluting nutrients in the soil. Plastic is a polymer compound composed of the main elements, namely carbon and hydrogen. The best results in this study by using this tool have a physical appearance: yellow like premium fuel type "1.0" (color test results using the ASTM D1500 method), very pungent smelling liquid, thicker when compared to premium fuel types. And has specifications: Density value of 786.4 kg/m3, Sulfur Content 0.003% m/m, water content 282 ppm, CCI 53.4.

Sifat Fisis Dan Keunggulan Papan Semen Dari Limbah Kulit Batang Sagu

MAKILA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
Rohny S. Maail ◽  
Irfan Derlauw
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tree Trunk ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Base Position ◽  
Sago Bark ◽  
Cement Board

This research aimed to determine the physical properties and advantages of cement boards made from sago stem bark waste based on the test results of several parameters according to JIS A 5908 (2003) standard. The results showed that the physical properties of cement board from sago stem bark waste with the addition of the CaCl2 catalyst were good, with the average value of density ranged from 1.19-1.26 gr/cm³, water content 7,67-8,02%, and water absorption after immersion 2 hours 6,03-7.65% as well as after 24-hour immersion 11,62-12,91%, respectively. The averages swelling value of board thickness was 1.62-12,91% after immersion 2 hours and 1.40-3.41% after immersion 24 hours. Furthermore, what sago bark waste in various positions of the tree trunk (tree base, middle and top) can be utilized to manufacture cement board. The board made from sago stem bark waste at the base position with a catalyst CaCl2 6% has the best physical properties and meets JIS A 5908 (2003) standard. Cement board from sago stem bark waste has an excellent waterproof capability and can be used as outdoor materials.

Sifat Fisis Dan Keunggulan Papan Semen Dari Limbah Kulit Batang Sagu

MAKILA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
Rohny S. Maail ◽  
Irfan Derlauw
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Tree Trunk ◽  
Board Density ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Sago Bark ◽  
Cement Board

This research aimed to determine the physical properties and advantages of cement boards made from sago stem bark waste based on the test results of several parameters, according to JIS A 5908 (2003) standard. The results show that the physical properties of cement board from sago stem bark waste with the addition of the CaCl2 catalyst were good with the average value of cement board density ranged from 1.19-1.26 gr/cm³, water content 7,67-8,02%, water absorption after immersion 2 hours 6,03-7.65% and after 24-hour immersion 11,62-12,91%, respectively. The averages swelling value of board thickness after immersion 2 hours 1.62-12,91% and after immersion 24 hours 1.40-3.41%. Furthermore, sago bark waste in various positions of the tree trunk (tree base, middle, and top) can be utilized to manufacture the cement board. However, the board made from sago stem bark waste at the ground with the addition of a catalyst CaCl2 6% has the best physical properties and meets JIS A 5908 (2003) standard. Cement boards from sago stem bark waste have an excellent waterproof capability and can be used as outdoor materials.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Durability of PET waste Aggregates in Roof Tiles Production.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-304
Author(s):  
Omosebi Taiwo O ◽  
Noor Faisal Abas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Test Results ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Global Challenge

Managing plastic waste is a global challenge that challenges the protection of our ecosystem due to its high rate of generation and its non-biodegradability. PWs must, however, be carefully handled to mitigate the emissions involved with their incineration and dumping into landfills. Plastic waste can be recycled into new usable building materials. In this analysis, shredded PET waste aggregate from a recycling center was heated at 230 0C and used as a binding aggregate incomplete replacement of cement with river sand to produce floor tiles. The properties of the aggregate materials and roof tiles (including their distribution of particle size, silt, clay and dust content, relative density, water absorption, porosity, flexural and compressive strength) were tested on different PET waste: sand mixing ratio, 100%, 90%, 70%, 50%, and 30%. Results revealed that the tiles produced by 30% PET and 70% river sand (3:7) achieved higher density, flexural and compressive strength than the other percentages of the mixture. The compressive strength of the tiles produced with 30 percent PET waste composition was greater than that of cement concrete (at 28 days of curing) for residential buildings. As a result of this low water absorption and eco-friendliness, PET waste can be used for roof tiles at 30 percent PET substitution based on the test results.

scholarly journals Utilization and Durability of PET Waste Aggregate for Floor Tiles Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Test Results ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Floor Tiles

Managing plastic waste is a global problem that threatens the safety of our environment due to its high generation and non-biodegradability. However, the PWs must be carefully managed in order to reduce the pollution involved in incineration and disposal of landfills. Plastic waste can be recycled into fresh, functional construction materials. In this study, the shredded PET waste aggregate from the recycling centre was heated to 230 0C and used as a binder for the full substitution of cement with river sand for the manufacture of floor tiles. The properties of the aggregate materials and floor tiles (including their distribution of particle size, silt, clay and dust content, relative density, water absorption, porosity, flexural and compressive strength) were evaluated on various PET wastes: sand mixing ratio, 100%, 90%, 70%, 50% and 30%. Results showed that the tiles formed by 30 per cent PET and 70 per cent River Sand (3:7) had a higher density, flexural and compressive strength than the other percentages of the mixture. The compressive strength of the tiles produced with 30% PET waste composition was higher than that of cement (with 28 days of curing) for residential buildings. Based on the strength, low water absorption and eco-friendliness, PET waste can be used for floor tiles with 30% PET substitution based on the test results.

scholarly journals Water Absorption Capacity Determines the Functionality of Vital Gluten Related to Specific Bread Volume

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Marina Schopf ◽  
Katharina Anne Scherf
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Specific Volume ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Absorption Capacity ◽  
Water Addition ◽  
Wheat Flours

Vital gluten is often used in baking to supplement weak wheat flours and improve their baking quality. Even with the same recipe, variable final bread volumes are common, because the functionality differs between vital gluten samples also from the same manufacturer. To understand why, the protein composition of ten vital gluten samples was investigated as well as their performance in a microbaking test depending on the water content in the dough. The gluten content and composition as well the content of free thiols and disulfide bonds of the samples were similar and not related to the specific bread volumes obtained using two dough systems, one based on a baking mixture and one based on a weak wheat flour. Variations of water addition showed that an optimal specific volume of 1.74–2.38 mL/g (baking mixture) and 4.25–5.49 mL/g (weak wheat flour) was reached for each vital gluten sample depending on its specific water absorption capacity.

scholarly journals Absorption and Strength Properties of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Mortar Composite

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Md. Safiuddin ◽  
George Abdel-Sayed ◽  
Nataliya Hearn
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Air Content ◽  
Entrapped Air ◽  
Short Carbon

This paper presents the water absorption and strength properties of short carbon fiber reinforced mortar (CFRM) composite. Four CFRM composites with 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% short pitch-based carbon fibers were produced in this study. Normal Portland cement mortar (NCPM) was also prepared for use as the control mortar. The freshly mixed mortar composites were tested for workability, wet density, and entrapped air content. In addition, the hardened mortar composites were examined for compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and water absorption at the ages of 7 and 28 days. The effects of different carbon fiber contents on the tested properties were observed. Test results showed that the incorporation of carbon fibers decreased the workability and wet density, but increased the entrapped air content in mortar composite. Most interestingly, the compressive strength of CFRM composite increased up to 3% carbon fiber content and then it declined significantly for 4% fiber content, depending on the workability and compaction of the mortar. In contrast, the splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of the CFRM composite increased for all fiber contents due to the greater cracking resistance and improved bond strength of the carbon fibers in the mortar. The presence of short pitch-based carbon fibers significantly strengthened the mortar by bridging the microcracks, resisting the propagation of these minute cracks, and impeding the growth of macrocracks. Furthermore, the water absorption of CFRM composite decreased up to 3% carbon fiber content and then it increased substantially for 4% fiber content, depending on the entrapped air content of the mortar. The overall test results suggest that the mortar with 3% carbon fibers is the optimum CFRM composite based on the tested properties.

scholarly journals Analysis of pig iron desulfurization with mixtures from the CaO-Fluorspar and CaO-Sodalite system with the use of computational thermodynamics

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Fardin Grillo ◽  
Raphael de Alcantara Sampaio ◽  
José Flávio Viana ◽  
Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa ◽  
José Roberto de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Pig Iron ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Computational Thermodynamics ◽  
Software Program ◽  
Solid Phases

This work aims at the use of computational thermodynamics in the study of desulfurization of pig iron through CaO-Fluorspar and CaO-Sodalite mixtures. Experiments were performed with the addition of different mixtures from these systems in molten pig iron at a temperature of 1,400ºC. The test results were analyzed and compared with those obtained by the computational thermodynamics software program THERMOCALC. Through this software, were calculated the equilibrium sulfur content in the metal, solid phases, and the amount of liquid in each desulfurizing mixture used in the process at a temperature of 1,400ºC. The computational thermodynamics proved to be an effective tool in predicting the desulfurization capacity of the mixtures.

Physical-Mechanical Properties of Paving Block from Plastic Shopping Bags Waste and Sand

2020 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Iswahyuni ◽  
Indri Hermiyati ◽  
Suharyanto ◽  
Uma Fadzilia Arifin ◽  
Dewi Nur Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Alternative Solution ◽  
Friction Resistance ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Fine Surface

Plastic shopping bags are easy to obtain for free or at low prices, hence contribute as the highest quantity among plastic waste. The plastic shopping bags waste has no economic value. Usually they are just thrown away. An alternative solution is by utilizing them to produce paving block by mixing with sands. The objective of this experiment is to evaluate the best ratio composition of plastic shopping bags waste and sand, followed by evaluation of the physical-mechanical properties of this particular paving block. Several different mixture ratios of weights of plastic shopping bag and sand were evaluated to obtain the best physical-mechanical properties of the paving block. The mixture ratios of weight of plastic shopping bags waste and sand were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4 and 1:5, respectively. The shopping plastic bags waste was melted before mixed with sand. The different mixture ratios were mixed with same pressure. The paving block mixture with ratio of 1:4 exhibited the best physical-mechanical properties as revealed by no defect, no crack and fine surface. The compressive strength of 17.4 MPa, friction resistance of 0.138 mm/sec and water absorption of 2.518% can be achieved, which is suitable for parking area construction.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK FISIK, KIMIA DAN ORGANOLEPTIK MIE KERING PADA BERBAGAI RASIO TEPUNG BONGGOL PISANG KEPOK

AGROINTEK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Asnani Asnani ◽  
Abdul Rahim ◽  
Ifall Ifall
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Weight Basis ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical

<em>This work deals with the effect of banana (sweet plaintain or ‘kepok’ variety) hump flour substituted to wheat flour in the making of noodle, on physical, chemical, and sensory characteristics of noodle.  A completely randomized was employed, with three replicates. Sensory analysis was conducted according to randomized group design. Four proportions of banana hump to wheat flour (10:90, 20:80, 30:70, and 40:60, weight basis) was studied. Results showed that the best physical and chemical characteristics was shown by noodle made from 10:90 proportion of banana hump to wheat flour, with 4.59% water absorption, 0.57% cooking loss, 10.37% water content, 34.21% starch content. However, result of sensory analysis suggested that the most liked noodle was that made from flour proportion of 20:80 with ‘like’ for colour, ‘like very much’ for aroma, ‘like’ for texture, ‘like’ for taste, and ‘like’ for overall preference</em>

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