scholarly journals Thermofluidynamic Analysis of a Combustor Chamber Coupled to a Biomass Downdraft Gasifier

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jofran Luiz de Oliveira ◽  
Márcio Arêdes Martins ◽  
Jadir Nogueira da Silva ◽  
Michel de Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
William Rosário dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Downdraft Gasifier ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Combustion Of Gases ◽  
Thermochemical Processes ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

Biomass is one of the most promising renewable energy sources. Abundantly, the potential as an alternative source to meet the world energy demand has been widely acknowledged. Gasification is one of the most efficient processes concerning thermochemical conversion, having as objective the production of a gas with useful energy power, known as producer gas. In order to optimize thermochemical processes such as the combustion of gases and subsequent gas mixture, computer modeling is becoming an important tool. Aiming to improve the performance of a combustion chamber, previously coupled to a downdraft gasifier, a thermofluidynamic model was elaborated and validated, using the concepts of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It was reported that temperature, pressure, and velocity distributions of the computational model showed good consistency with experimental data, which allows using this model to predict the performance of this type of combustion chambers.

scholarly journals Biomass Production in Agroforestry Systems: V.E.Ri.For Project

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea R. Proto ◽  
Giuseppe Zimbalatti ◽  
Lorenzo Abenavoli ◽  
Bruno Bernardi ◽  
Soraya Benalia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Local System ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Woody Perennials ◽  
Marginal Areas

The biomass for energy purposes, coming from agroforestry systems and timber industry, can provide various environmental and socio-economic benefits. Among all renewable energy sources, agroforestry biomass represents both an important alternative source to fossil fuels and an opportunity for the socio-economic development of various marginal areas in Italy. In particular, agroforestry is a collective name of land use systems in which woody perennials are grown in association with herbaceous plants and/or livestock in a spatial arrangements, a rotation, or both in which there are both ecological and economic interactions between the tree and the non-tree components of the system. Estimating availability of biomass resources is important to assess bioenergy production potential and so bioenergy contribution to annual energy demand. In the supply of biomass to energy use, the planning of operations is the basis for sustainable development of agroforest system. Most existing forest practice rules and recommendations did not anticipate this increased extraction of woody biomass and offer no specific guidance on how much removal is healthy for ecosystems. Intensification of biomass utilization, particularly for energy and fuel needs, presents a range of potential environmental risks. Therefore, the research focuses on development of guidelines for increasing a sustainable biomass supply chain at local scale, in order to facilitate energy planning that considers the local system carrying capacity and the potential of substitution of fossil fuels.

scholarly journals Study On Hybrid Systems, Grid Integrated Based On Renewable Energy Systems Driving Local Loads

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Satyam Kumar Prasun ◽  
Sanjeev Jararia
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Local Loads ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Electricity Power ◽  
Day By Day

The demand for electricity power is increasing day by day, which cannot be met  with  the satisfied  level without  non-renewable energy  resource. Renewable  energy sources  such as wind,  solar are universal and  ecological. These renewable energy  sources are best options to fulfill the world energy demand, but unpredictable due to natural conditions. The use of the hybrid solar and wind renewable energy system like will be the best option forthe utilization  these  available  resources.  The  objective  of  this  paper  is  to  study  the various aspects of hybrid solar and wind system. The application and different theories related to the development of hybrid also discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals A new era for solar energy: hybrid perovskite rocks

Photoniques ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Grancini
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Global Network ◽  
World Population ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Hybrid Perovskite ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The World

With the world population swelling and rapid technological innovations imposing global network and connections, the growing energy demand has reached unprecedented levels: “The energy industry is facing decades of transformation,” reported the World Energy Council at the end of 2018 [1]. Increasing use of renewable energy sources and photovoltaics is thus utmost for Europe to meet the goals imposed by the Paris Agreement. From a research point of view, this pushes an enormous effort into discovery of new materials, new physical phenomena and development of new technologies to sustain such paradigm shift to a low-carbon society.

scholarly journals Development of low cost domestic solar hybrid dryer cum cooker

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Gora ◽  
Ramesh Harajibhai Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Cloudy Weather ◽  
Drying Efficiency

Energy is prime and basic need in today’s life that why energy consumption has increased day by day and most of the energy demand can be fulfilled by non-renewable energy sources. Hence, there is a need to adopt alternate source of energy. In rural and urban areas, solar energy can be used in a stunning manner through solar cooker and solar dryer. Many textured dryers and solar cooker, electric and mechanical dryers are commercially available in the market for drying and cooking purpose. But they required high capital investment and high maintenance, which make it unsuitable for the use. Here a low cost domestic solar hybrid cum cooker was developed to effectively utilize the alternative source of energy. This one device can either be used as dryer or can be used as cooker. It can also work effectively in cloudy weather or in morning hours. The thermal efficiency of solar was found 28.93 % whereas drying efficiency of dryer was found 34.74%.

scholarly journals Shale gas: a step toward sustainable energy future

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2127-2141
Author(s):  
Jayesh Bellani ◽  
Harsh Kumar Verma ◽  
Dhrumil Khatri ◽  
Dhruv Makwana ◽  
Manan Shah
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The World ◽  
Recoverable Reserve

AbstractThe world energy consumption is going to rise by nearly 50% in 2050 when compared to 2010. With conventional and unconventional reserves depleting, demand for energy supply is rising. The feasibility and the current efficiency of renewable energy sources may not be capable of satisfying the world energy demand by themselves. Increase in production of non-renewable energy source, i.e., the fossil fuels may help to fulfill the energy requirement of future generations. Shale gas is one of the unconventional sources of energy. Shale gas deposits are scattered all over the planet in low-permeability and low porosity reservoirs. India has overall reserves of shale gas between 600 and 2000 TCF, of which 63 TCF is of recoverable shale gas (Pradhan and Prakash 2000). Shale production depends on many factors such as political matters, wars, social and economic aspects, and exploration techniques. Depending on the recoverable reserve (RR), production of shale gas entails different methods and with a different method, comes different problems described and discussed in this manuscript. Along with the problems, the technically recoverable reserves of different countries, different production mechanisms, and economic aspects of shale gas are also discussed.

Direct ammonia fueled solid oxide fuel cells: A comprehensive review on challenges, opportunities and future outlooks

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla Asmare ◽  
Mustafa Ilbas
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Green Fuel

Nowadays, the most decisive challenges we are fronting are perfectly clean energy making for equitable and sustainable modern energy access, and battling the emerging alteration of the climate. This is because, carbon-rich fuels are the fundamental supply of utilized energy for strengthening human society, and it will be sustained in the near future. In connection with this, electrochemical technologies are an emerging and domineering tool for efficiently transforming the existing scarce fossil fuels and renewable energy sources into electric power with a trivial environmental impact. Compared with conventional power generation technologies, SOFC that operate at high temperature is emerging as a frontrunner to convert the fuels chemical energy into electric power and permits the deployment of varieties of fuels with negligible ecological destructions. According to this critical review, direct ammonia is obtained as a primary possible choice and price-effective green fuel for T-SOFCs. This is because T-SOFCs have higher volumetric power density, mechanically stable, and high thermal shocking resistance. Also, there is no sealing issue problem which is the chronic issues of the planar one. As a result, the toxicity of ammonia to use as a fuel is minimized if there may be a leakage during operation. It is portable and manageable that can be work everywhere when there is energy demand. Besides, manufacturing, onboard hydrogen deposition, and transportation infrastructure connected snags of hydrogen will be solved using ammonia. Ammonia is a low-priced carbon-neutral source of energy and has more stored volumetric energy compared with hydrogen. Yet, to utilize direct NH3 as a means of hydrogen carrier and an alternative green fuel in T-SOFCs practically determining the optimum operating temperatures, reactant flow rates, electrode porosities, pressure, the position of the anode, thickness and diameters of the tube are still requiring further improvement. Therefore, mathematical modeling ought to be developed to determine these parameters before planning for experimental work. Also, a performance comparison of AS, ES, and CS- T-SOFC powered with direct NH3 will be investigated and best-performed support will be carefully chosen for practical implementation and an experimental study will be conducted for verification based on optimum parameter values obtained from numerical modeling.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis of a Novel Hydrogen-Based Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Both Grid-Tied and Off-Grid Power Supply in Japan: The Case of Fukushima Prefecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Takatsu ◽  
Hooman Farzaneh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy

After the Great East Japan Earthquake, energy security and vulnerability have become critical issues facing the Japanese energy system. The integration of renewable energy sources to meet specific regional energy demand is a promising scenario to overcome these challenges. To this aim, this paper proposes a novel hydrogen-based hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), in which hydrogen fuel can be produced using both the methods of solar electrolysis and supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of biomass feedstock. The produced hydrogen is considered to function as an energy storage medium by storing renewable energy until the fuel cell converts it to electricity. The proposed HRES is used to meet the electricity demand load requirements for a typical household in a selected residential area located in Shinchi-machi in Fukuoka prefecture, Japan. The techno-economic assessment of deploying the proposed systems was conducted, using an integrated simulation-optimization modeling framework, considering two scenarios: (1) minimization of the total cost of the system in an off-grid mode and (2) maximization of the total profit obtained from using renewable electricity and selling surplus solar electricity to the grid, considering the feed-in-tariff (FiT) scheme in a grid-tied mode. As indicated by the model results, the proposed HRES can generate about 47.3 MWh of electricity in all scenarios, which is needed to meet the external load requirement in the selected study area. The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of the system in scenarios 1 and 2 was estimated at 55.92 JPY/kWh and 56.47 JPY/kWh, respectively.

scholarly journals A Sizing Method for PV–Battery–Generator Systems for Off-Grid Applications Based on the LCOE

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1988
Author(s):  
Ioannis E. Kosmadakis ◽  
Costas Elmasides
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Levelized Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Sufficient Power ◽  
Battery Energy

Electricity supply in nonelectrified areas can be covered by distributed renewable energy systems. The main disadvantage of these systems is the intermittent and often unpredictable nature of renewable energy sources. Moreover, the temporal distribution of renewable energy may not match that of energy demand. Systems that combine photovoltaic modules with electrical energy storage (EES) can eliminate the above disadvantages. However, the adoption of such solutions is often financially prohibitive. Therefore, all parameters that lead to a functionally reliable and self-sufficient power generation system should be carefully considered during the design phase of such systems. This study proposes a sizing method for off-grid electrification systems consisting of photovoltaics (PV), batteries, and a diesel generator set. The method is based on the optimal number of PV panels and battery energy capacity whilst minimizing the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for a period of 25 years. Validations against a synthesized load profile produced grid-independent systems backed by different accumulator technologies, with LCOEs ranging from 0.34 EUR/kWh to 0.46 EUR/kWh. The applied algorithm emphasizes a parameter of useful energy as a key output parameter for which the solar harvest is maximized in parallel with the minimization of the LCOE.

scholarly journals Electric Mobility in Cities: The Case of Vienna

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Amela Ajanovic ◽  
Marina Siebenhofer ◽  
Reinhard Haas
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Electric Mobility ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
The Future ◽  
Historical Developments

Environmental problems such as air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions are especially challenging in urban areas. Electric mobility in different forms may be a solution. While in recent years a major focus was put on private electric vehicles, e-mobility in public transport is already a very well-established and mature technology with a long history. The core objective of this paper is to analyze the economics of e-mobility in the Austrian capital of Vienna and the corresponding impact on the environment. In this paper, the historical developments, policy framework and scenarios for the future development of mobility in Vienna up to 2030 are presented. A major result shows that in an ambitious scenario for the deployment of battery electric vehicles, the total energy demand in road transport can be reduced by about 60% in 2030 compared to 2018. The major conclusion is that the policies, especially subsidies and emission-free zones will have the largest impact on the future development of private and public e-mobility in Vienna. Regarding the environmental performance, the most important is to ensure that a very high share of electricity used for electric mobility is generated from renewable energy sources.

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