scholarly journals Occurrence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Staphylococcus ‎aureus and Salmonella species in Fresh Milk and Milk Products Sold in Zaria ‎and Environs, Kaduna State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
D. O. Esonu ◽  
S. Ismail ◽  
A. Ajala ◽  
S. M. Yusuf ◽  
R. G. Otolorin
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Fresh Milk

Staphylococcal infections and salmonellosis are important food-borne diseases affecting both humans and animals, and the spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria to humans through the consumption of animal food products remains a challenge. To determine the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella in fresh milk and milk products sold in Zaria and environs, Kaduna State, Nigeria, ninety samples were purchased comprising of 49 pasteurized milk, 20 ghee (Clarified butter) and 21 fresh milk samples in Zaria. The Samples were pre-enriched before plating on a suitable selective media. Biochemical and Sugar fermentation tests were used to detect S. aureus and Salmonella isolates; also, antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out on positive isolates. The overall prevalence of S. aureus and Salmonella spp. in fresh milk and milk products (pasteurized milk and ghee) were 31.1% (28/90) and 6.7% (6/90), respectively. Higher prevalence of S. aureus was found in fresh milk (38.1%) than in ghee (35%) and pasteurized milk (26.5%). Also, a higher prevalence of Salmonella organism was found in fresh milk (9.5%) than in pasteurized milk (6.1%) and ghee (5%). Positive iso­lates of S. aureus showed the highest percentage of antibiotic resistance to oxacillin (100%), then tetracycline (64%) and vancomycin (57.1%), while positive iso­lates of Salmonella showed oxacillin (100%) and vancomycin (100%), followed by tetracycline (33.3%). Most of the isolates displayed resistance to more than three (3) different classes of antimicrobials, indicating multi-drug resistance. Therefore, there is a need for education and public awareness regarding hygienic processing, handling and storage of fresh milk and milk products; thus, the abuse and indiscriminate use of antibiotics in animals should be discouraged.

scholarly journals Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Ready-To-Eat Vegetables Sold in Mohammadu Gumi Market, Kaduna, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
A.F. Obajuluwa ◽  
A. Kefas ◽  
S.K. Parom
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Agar Disc

Background: Freshly consumed vegetables are considered to have more nutritional value than cooked ones. However, they are a potential source of foodborne illnesses due to possible microbial contamination, this poses safety threat.Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the bacteriological quality of ready-to-eat vegetables sold in Mohammadu Gumi market, Kaduna and to determine the antibiotics resistance pattern of the bacteria isolates.Methods: A total of 40 samples of cabbage were collected. Gram staining, growth on selective media and biochemical tests were carried out to identify the isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using the Kirby-Bauer agar disc diffusion method. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates were detected with the use of cefoxitin disc agar diffusion test.Results: A total of 46 bacteria isolates were obtained with a total colony count range from 4 – 9 x 106CFU/ml. The following bacteria were isolated:   aureus (41.3%), Escherichia coli (28.3%), Salmonella spp (19.6%),  Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.7%) and Serratia spp (2.2%). The result of antimicrobial susceptibility test showed thatthe isolates were highly susceptible to ofloxacin: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia spp (100%), E. coli (92.3%) and Salmonella spp (87.5%). The isolates were all resistant to penicillin and ampicillin while 89.5% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates were phenotypically methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Conclusion: This study showed that the vegetables (cabbage) were highly contaminated with antibiotic resistant bacteria, this can be a source of infection to the consumers and a potential means of transmitting multidrug resistant bacteria strains in the community.

Bacteriological Profile of Wound Swab and Their Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern in Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Dhaka

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Mst Naznin Tarana ◽  
Jannatul Fardows ◽  
Nasreen Farhana ◽  
Rehana Khatun ◽  
Shahida Akter
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Wound Infection ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Wound Swab

Background: Wound infections are global problem in the field of surgery associated with long hospital stay, higher treatment expenditure, morbidity and mortality. Objective: To isolate and identify the bacteria causing wound infection and to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at Shaheed Suhrawady Medical College, Dhaka from January 2017 to December 2017 for a period of one (01) year. A total of 190 wound swabs were collected from the patients who were visited in outpatient department and were admitted at inpatient department with skin and soft tissue infection. Swabs from the wound were inoculated on appropriate media and cultured and the isolates were identified by standard procedures as needed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by disc diffusion method according to ‘The Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute’ guidelines. Results: In this study, out of 190 cases 115 (60.52%) were male and 75 (39.47%) were female and majority 85(44.73%) were in the age group of 16 to 30 years. A total number of 190 isolates were obtained, among which 124 (65.25%) were culture positive cases. Among the isolated organisms predominant bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus 68 (35.79%) followed by Escherichia coli 30 (15.79%), Pseudomonas 14 (7.37%), Klebsiella 6 (3.16%), Proteus 4 (2.10%) and Acinetobacter 2 (1.05%). Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to linezolid (94.11%), vancomycin (88.23%) and amikacin (70.58%). Among the Gram negative isolates Escherichia coli was predominant and showed sensitivity to imipenem (80%), amikacin (70%), ceftazidime (60%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (56.66%), colistin (53.33%). Pseudomonas showed sensitivity to colistin (78.57%), imipenem (71.42%). Klebsiella showed sensitivity to imipenem (83.33%), amikacin (66.66%), piperacillin+ tazobactum (66.66%), and colistin(66.66%). Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated pathogen from wound swab and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of various isolates will guide for appropriate selection of antibiotics against wound infection, so as to reduce the spread of resistant bacteria. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 65-68

Pengenalan Berbagai Olahan Susu Sebagai Alternatif Usaha yang Menjanjikan di Masyakarat Desa Cisempur Jatinangor Sumedang Jawa Barat

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Primiani Edianingsih ◽  
Raden Febrianto Christi
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Nutritional Content ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
The People ◽  
Post Test

Abstrak: Susu merupakan produk hasil ternak berupa cairan putih dengan kandungan gizi yang lengkap serta memberikan manfaat bagi tubuh manusia. Sebagai upaya dalam meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat dalam pemahaman berbagai produk olahan susu maka diadakan penyuluhan. Pengabdian ini telah dilaksanakan kepada masyarakat Desa Cisempur Kecamatan Jatinangor dengan diikuti sebanyak 22 peserta yang terdiri atas kalangan ibu rumah tangga. Metode pelaksanaan dengan cara partisipasi aktif dari peserta dengan pengenalan berbagai produk olahan susu. Tahapan dimulai dengan sebaran kuisioner pre test  sebelum kegiatan dilakukan dengan 20 pertanyaan yang diajukan, lalu pemaparan materi berbagai olahan susu mulai dari pendahuluan terkait susu sampai produk olahan susu, Penyebaran kuisioner Post test kepada peserta setelah acara selesai dengan pertanyaan yang sama seperti pre test. Kemudian membuat salah satu produk susu kepada peserta berupa susu pasteurisasi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pengenalan produk olahan susu pada masyarakat Desa Cisempur Kecamatan Jatinangor yang hadir setelah melakukan pre test dan post test.Abstract: Milk is a livestock product in the form of a white liquid with complete nutritional content and provides benefits to the human body. As an effort to increase public awareness in understanding various dairy products, counseling was held. This service has been carried out for the community of Cisempur Village, Jatinangor District, followed by 22 participants consisting of housewives. The method of implementation is by means of active participation of the participants with the introduction of various dairy products. The stages began with the distribution of pre-test questionnaires before the activity was carried out with 20 questions, then the presentation of various dairy products, from the introduction to milk to dairy products, the distribution of post test questionnaires to participants after the event was over with the same questions as the pre test. Then make one of the milk products for the participants in the form of pasteurized milk. The results showed that there was an increase in the introduction of dairy products in the people of Cisempur Village, Jatinangor District who attended after doing the pre test and post test.

Vancomycin Resistance Among Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus Obtained from Selected Hospitals in Sokoto Metropolis

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Umar A.I. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Vancomycin Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Mic Value

The decreased vancomycin susceptibility and subsequent emergence of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) strains is a major public health problem. This study was aimed at detecting the prevalence of vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among clinical isolates obtained from patients attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto and Maryam Abacha Women and Children Hospital Sokoto. A total of 80 S. aureus clinical isolates were obtained from the medical microbiology laboratories of the selected hospitals. Antibiotic sensitivity testing of the isolates was carried out using the agar dilution method and isolates were screened for vancomycin resistance using vancomycin agar screen method. Of the 80 S. aureus isolates studied, 69 (86.0%) were identified as vancomycin susceptible S. aureus (VSSA) with MIC value of ≤2 µg/ml, 11 (13.8%) were identified as vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and had MIC value of 4-8 µg/mL (VISA) and none of the isolates was identified as vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VRSA). The study detects high prevalence rate of VISA in the study area and identifies the need for increased public awareness on the danger associated with the presence of drug resistant bacteria. Emphasis should be directed at discouraging practices such as the use of over the counter medications which increase the rate of development of drug resistant organisms. Keywords: Vancomycin, Resistance, Staphylococcus aureus, MIC, VRSA

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