scholarly journals Differences In Millennials In Emerging Markets and Developed Countries: The Case of Turkey and The United States

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-61
Author(s):  
Timothy Reisenwitz
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Online Purchases

This study assesses the differences between Millennials (Generation Y) inadvanced and emerging countries, using the United States and Turkey. The purposeis to give marketers more direction in better addressing the needs of Millennialconsumers in advanced and emerging countries. Results showed that Millennialsin the United States are more satisfied with online purchases, have higher brandloyalty, and were more risk-averse compared to the Millennials from Turkey. Thereare no significant differences between the two countries in terms of social mediausage. This study enriches the existing literature and provides directions for furtherresearch.

GENDER MOTIVES OF MEXICAN ENTREPRENEURS IN TWO LARGE URBAN SETTINGS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650020
Author(s):  
YVES ROBICHAUD ◽  
JEAN-CHARLES CACHON ◽  
JOSÉ BARRAGÁN CODINA ◽  
MARIO CÉSAR DAVILA AGUIRRE ◽  
ALFONSO LOPEZ LIRA ARJONA
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Start Up

The need for an income is cited by several studies as a primary motive for both formal and informal business start-up activities found in emerging countries. Conversely, entrepreneurs from developed countries enjoying more favorable economic conditions (such as the United States, Canada, or the European Union) are mainly motivated by intrinsic motives. Given the extant literature, it appeared important to determine which motivators were at play in larger Mexican urban centers, where economic conditions seemed to have become similar to those of Canada and the United States. No significant differences were observed between the motives of female as compared to male entrepreneurs from urban Mexico because a majority went into business primarily for economic reasons rather than for intrinsic motives. Knowing that Mexican entrepreneurs are mostly motivated by economic goals should help local governments in designing policies aimed at fostering and facilitating entrepreneurship.

The Washington Consensus, liberal ideas and terms of the military-technological policy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2103-2123
Author(s):  
V.L. Gladyshevskii ◽  
E.V. Gorgola ◽  
D.V. Khudyakov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Production Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internal Quality ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Military Industrial Complex ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
The Military

Subject. In the twentieth century, the most developed countries formed a permanent military economy represented by military-industrial complexes, which began to perform almost a system-forming role in national economies, acting as the basis for ensuring national security, and being an independent military and political force. The United States is pursuing a pronounced militaristic policy, has almost begun to unleash a new "cold war" against Russia and to unwind the arms race, on the one hand, trying to exhaust the enemy's economy, on the other hand, to reindustrialize its own economy, relying on the military-industrial complex. Objectives. We examine the evolution, main features and operational distinctions of the military-industrial complex of the United States and that of the Russian Federation, revealing sources of their military-technological and military-economic advancement in comparison with other countries. Methods. The study uses military-economic analysis, scientific and methodological apparatus of modern institutionalism. Results. Regulating the national economy and constant monitoring of budget financing contribute to the rise of military production, especially in the context of austerity and crisis phenomena, which, in particular, justifies the irrelevance of institutionalists' conclusions about increasing transaction costs and intensifying centralization in the industrial production management with respect to to the military-industrial complex. Conclusions. Proving to be much more efficient, the domestic military-industrial complex, without having such access to finance as the U.S. military monopolies, should certainly evolve and progress, strengthening the coordination, manageability, planning, maximum cost reduction, increasing labor productivity, and implementing an internal quality system with the active involvement of the State and its resources.

A Decolonial Approach to the Discipline of Journalism Theory in Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 107769582110374
Author(s):  
Otávio Daros
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Academic Cultures

Although Brazil has its tradition of journalistic thinking, this essay shows that the discipline of journalism theory has, in this country, an intellectual nucleus based in the United States and Europe. It is true that both academic cultures provide foundations, but they do not claim to provide explanations about the society in which Brazilian journalism developed. This argument is corroborated by the analysis of the bibliographic references used by Brazilian courses. Considering that the impetus for the de-Westernization must come from scholars in emerging countries, this essay argues that the curriculum could be a key element to incite this transformation.

The Global Software Industry Evaluating the Software Markets of the BRIC Nations

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
John McManus
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Software Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emerging Countries ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Software Markets ◽  
Low Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
India And China

The world software industry and associated markets are estimated to be worth 1.1 trillion US Dollars, ninety percent of the world's exports in software is from the United States and Europe evidence would also suggest that outside the United States and Europe, the new and emerging countries within the software industry are Brazil, Russia, India and China (known as the BRIC Nations). The Software industry greatly affects the economic systems of these countries. Although figures vary these emerging markets account currently for around 6 per cent of global export markets. While “lower cost labour” is the most commonly cited reason for offshoring, intense global competition in an environment of slower growth and low inflation demands constant vigilance over costs. Due to low costs and high quality, using offshore resources in selected countries seems to make good economic sense. Beyond the cost incentive, global sourcing provides several other practical benefits including: the ability of multinational organisations to efficiently stage all year round operations; the opportunity to customize products and services to meet local needs; and the means of geographically deploying workers and facilities to succeed in globally dispersed, highly competitive markets. This paper examines some of the issues within these emerging countries within the wider global software industry.

scholarly journals Do Online Shoppers Attend Farmers’ Markets?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Jean D. Gumirakiza ◽  
Mara E. Schroering
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logit Model ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Multinomial Logit Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multinomial Logit ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Online Purchases ◽  
Online Shoppers

Online shopping is changing ways in which offline markets operate. As the online shopping for fresh produce takes off, it is important to investigate its effects on existing physical market outlets. The main objective for this study is to explain how often online shoppers attend farmers’ markets. The study uses data that was collected in 2016 from a sample of 1,205 consumers residing in the south region of the United States who made at least two online purchases within six months prior to participating in this study. This study employed a multinomial Logit model and Stata was used to run the regression. Results show that the majority of these online shoppers never attended a farmers’ market. The relative probabilities for the online shoppers to “never” attend farmers’ markets, attend “occasionally”, and “frequently” are 0.54, 0.28, and 0.18 respectively. We found that the lack of awareness, inconvenient place and/or time, and low interests are major reasons for nonattendance. This study suggests that farmers’ markets could greatly benefit by developing marketing strategies targeting online shoppers.

scholarly journals International Student Transitions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sharif Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
International Students ◽  
International Student ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The U.S

Andrade and James Hartshorn (2019) surrounds the transition that international students encounter when they attend universities in developed countries in pursuit of higher education. Andrade and James Hartshorn (2019) describe how some countries like Australia and the United Kingdom host more international students than the United States (U.S.) and provides some guidelines for the U.S. higher education institutions to follow to host more international students. This book contains seven chapters.

scholarly journals Online Gardening Search Activities and Purchases

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-216
Author(s):  
Bridget K. Behe ◽  
Brittany Harte ◽  
Chengyan Yue
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Demographic Differences ◽  
Online Purchases ◽  
Online Purchase ◽  
Region Of Residence ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Made In

Abstract Consumers have readily adopted personal computers and Internet technology with many seeking information and/or make purchases online. However, the extent to which horticultural consumers seek information and make purchases online is not well documented. A survey of 1588 consumers, representative of the United States on average, was conducted in 2004 to provide baseline information about online gardening search and purchase activities. Nearly 28% searched for gardening information at least once; of those, more than 50% of the participants searched for information at least weekly. There were differences in gardening-related searches by age and marital status, but not by region of residence, income, or gender. Nearly 50% of the study respondents made an online purchase in the year prior to the survey but only 7.4% made a gardening related purchase online. Over 50% had made a gardening-related purchase in-person. The same respondents who made in-person purchases were the individuals who made the online gardening purchases, so the Internet provided a supplemental shopping venue. There were demographic differences between those who made online gardening purchases and solely in-person gardening purchases. More males, younger and slightly less affluent participants were more likely to make online purchases than solely in-person purchases for gardening products, supplies, and services while more females who were slightly older and more affluent were more likely to make in-person gardening-related purchases.

scholarly journals Attitudes toward Credit and Finances among College Students in Brazil and the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill M. Norvilitis ◽  
Wesley Mendes-Da-Silva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Student Loans ◽  
Credit Cards ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Delay Of Gratification

Although research on credit card debt in developed countries has identified predictors of debt among<br />college students, it is unknown whether these same predictors apply in emerging markets, such as<br />Brazil. To examine this issue, a total of 1257 college students, 814 from Brazil and 443 from the United<br />States, participated in a study exploring the utility of a theory of planned behavior as a predictor of<br />credit card debtand student loans among college students, as well as perceived financial well-being.<br />Compared to the Brazilian participants, the American sample was more financially self-confident,<br />reported better financial well-being, and was more likely to believe that credit cards are negative.<br />Similar predictors of financial well-being emerged in the samples. Specifically, parenting practices<br />related to money and better self-reported delay of gratification are related to more positive financial<br />attitudes and lower levels of debt. Although the debt to income ratio among card holders was similar,<br />Brazilian students held more credit cards than American students. Greater delay of gratification was<br />related to lower levels of student loans in the United States, but there were no significant predictors of<br />student loans in Brazil.

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