S(h)ibboleth

Shibboleth ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Marc Redfield
Keyword(s):  
Test Word ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Sovereign Power ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Performance

The shibboleth test supplements ordinary discourse where the difference between self and other threatens to become illegible. It is performative in the radical sense of producing the difference between friend and enemy that opens the space of politics in Carl Schmitt’s sense and produces a target through which sovereign force can realize itself. As test-word, shibboleth has no semantic content; it tests a performance irreducible to cognition. Yet it must be iterable in Derrida’s sense. This allows it to become the concept of this kind of testing, yet also inscribes possible failure as the test’s condition of possibility. Hence the explosive aggressivity of the shibboleth story. For in fact the shibboleth test, despite being a technic of sovereign power, radically undermines sovereignty and identity.

Adolescents' help-seeking behaviour: the difference between self- and other-referral

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMIRAM RAVIV ◽  
RACHEL SILLS ◽  
ALONA RAVIV ◽  
PAMELA WILANSKY
Keyword(s):  
Help Seeking ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Help Seeking Behaviour ◽  
The Difference

scholarly journals The official name of the Russian state in the domestic norm-making practice of the second half of the XIXth century

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
I. V. Ganusenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Scientific Article ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Relationship Of

Consideration in the scientific article The question of the relationship of the regulatory terminology used as the official name of the Russian state is due to the problem of the absence of a single scientific approach in determining its semantic content and is dedicated to the 300th anniversary of the proclamation of the name of the state “Russian Empire”. The features of the rulemaking practice on the official consolidation of the name of the state with the simultaneous use of regulatory terms “Russia”, “Russian Empire”, “Empire” and “Russian State”, having an equivalent semantic value in the name of the same state that operated in the specific historical period of its development. Allocated the generals patterns of the applied context of said terminology in regulatory legal acts of various sectoral affiliation. It was concluded that there is no synonymous properties and the difference in the context of the contents of the second half of the XIX century the terms “Russia” and “Russian Empire”, which are used by the domestic legislator, which is used depending on the type and subject of regulated public relations.

Reversing Irreversible Sentences: Semantic and Syntactic Factors

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Hutson ◽  
James Powers
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Syntactic Form ◽  
Semantic Component ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Interaction Probability

Active and passive sentences were presented with probable and improbable semantic content to 100 first graders and 100 kindergarteners. An “irreversible” sentence was considered probable and its reverse was considered improbable. In a design employing syntax, probability, grade, and sex as factors, probability and syntax were found significant both as main effects and in their interaction. Probability had little effect on the comprehension of active sentences, but strongly affected comprehension of passive sentences. First graders responded correctly more often than kindergarteners; the difference was greatest on improbable sentences, with improbable passive sentences the most difficult. Sex differences were not found. The greater difficulty in comprehending less familiar sentences when syntactic form is not supported by semantic content suggests that the semantic component of grammar may play an important role in the child's acquisition of syntactic comprehension.

Performing Family Photographs

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-46
Author(s):  
Krystal Bresnahan ◽  
Alyse Keller
Keyword(s):  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Family Experiences ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Family Photographs ◽  
And Performance ◽  
A Performance

Historically, scholars have treated photography and performance as separate aesthetic entities. However, the authors show how combining a performance-based analysis with photo elicitation can generate new possibilities for remembering family experiences of divorce and illness. They purposefully frame photographs as performances, questioning how they are used in photo elicitation and how meanings are made through the embodied acts of the researchers. They use family photographs in their interviews to create a dialogical performance, bringing self and other together to question, explore, and challenge one another's experiences and understandings.

scholarly journals Choice and pronunciation of words: Individual differences within a homogeneous group of speakers

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris Hanique ◽  
Mirjam Ernestus ◽  
Lou Boves
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Speech Signal ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Homogeneous Group ◽  
Casual Speech ◽  
A Performance

AbstractThis paper investigates whether individual speakers forming a homogeneous group differ in their choice and pronunciation of words when engaged in casual conversation, and if so, how they differ. More specifically, it examines whether the Balanced Winnow classifier is able to distinguish between the twenty speakers of the Ernestus Corpus of Spontaneous Dutch, who all have the same social background. To examine differences in choice and pronunciation of words, instead of characteristics of the speech signal itself, classification was based on lexical and pronunciation features extracted from hand-made orthographic and automatically generated broad phonetic transcriptions. The lexical features consisted of words and two-word combinations. The pronunciation features represented pronunciation variations at the word and phone level that are typical for casual speech. The best classifier achieved a performance of 79.9% and was based on the lexical features and on the pronunciation features representing single phones and triphones. The speakers must thus differ from each other in these features. Inspection of the relevant features indicated that, among other things, the words relevant for classification generally do not contain much semantic content, and that speakers differ not only from each other in the use of these words but also in their pronunciation.

scholarly journals Video and media technologies in the educational space as a form of mental representation of students of different cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 890-901
Author(s):  
Elena V. Zvonova ◽  
Nigina S. Babieva ◽  
Alisa V. Mamedova ◽  
Lyudmila V. Tarabakina ◽  
Nikol A. Pestereva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Religious Cultures ◽  
Different Cultures

The search for conditions to create a developing learning environment, methods and means of teaching is the main objective of psychological science. The relevance of the problem under study is due to the active development of intercultural communication processes, in which advertising plays an important role. This circumstance requires the inclusion of video and media technologies in the training of specialists in the field of advertising.  The purpose of the paper is to describe the course and the results of the study of imaginal representations in advertising aimed at promoting goods in different cultures. The leading method in the study of this problem was the semantic differential which allows one to identify the difference in the semantic content of the commercial of a popular drink produced by an international company. Fifty students who are representatives of religious and non-religious cultures, aged between 18 and 30 participated in the study. The authors of the paper put forward the assumption that since social representations are formed and depicted in different cultures which are different from the social representations of other cultures, the content of the advertising text will be interpreted in different ways. This can affect people’s behavior of different cultures. The content of imaginal representations was studied in the process of perceiving the advertisement of a popular drink. The results of the study showed a significant difference in the content of imaginal representations of the experimental groups. However, the study showed that this difference did not influence consumers’ behavior. The materials of the paper may be useful for psychologists studying intercultural differences, as well as specialists in advertising psychology, when developing advertising texts for multicultural goods and services. Keywords: video and media technologies, imaginal representations, advertisement, culture, types of cultures, behavior.

The perception of self- and other-received social support: Associations with academic and emotional outcomes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Armstrong-Carter ◽  
Steven G. Buzinski ◽  
Holly Shablack ◽  
Matthew Cohen ◽  
Benjamin Buck
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
The Self ◽  
Perceived Fit ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Emotional Outcomes ◽  
Received Social Support ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The University ◽  
Source Of Information

Students' perception of social support is largely developed in the absence of explicit norms or standards. In such situations, social comparisons can serve as a source of information, with the form of those comparisons (i.e., upward or downward) differentially influencing the self. Thus, it is possible that the self-other support difference will be an important predictor of student outcomes. In three studies, we found that students perceived the self to have greater social support than does a general peer group (Study 1) or the “average” college student (Studies 2, 3), and that the difference between self- and other-social support was associated with GPA (Studies 1, 2, 3), self-esteem, perceived fit, and satisfaction with the university (Study 3).

Performance Evaluation of Survivability Approaches in Optical Networks

2011 ◽  
pp. 134-157
Author(s):  
Abdelhamid Eshoul ◽  
Hussein T. Mouftah
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Optical Networks ◽  
Mesh Networks ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Dynamic Traffic ◽  
Performance Analyses ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Performance

The chapter outlines the different survivability approaches for mesh networks under static and dynamic traffic environments. It describes the different solution options and their implementations. Also included are detailed performance analyses and evaluations for the difference survivability approaches under both traffic environments. Finally, we present a performance comparison between the different survivability approaches and end the chapter with some concluding remarks.

Between Singularity and Plurality: Kierkegaard and the Paradox of Absolute Difference

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-239
Author(s):  
Avron Kulak
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This study is dedicated to exploring the ways in which Kierkegaard provides a criterion for thinking about the principles of plurality when, in the context of distinguishing between Socrates and Christ, between different conceptions of difference—between those that support the difference of the other and those that do not—he writes that, just as no one must separate what God has joined, so no one must join what God has separated. When Kierkegaard then makes central to faith the incommensurability of single individuals, he indicates that the inviolable singularity of self and other is the one principle that can be true for all—that can be plural—since it is the one principle that is inclusive of all. In my paper I argue through Kierkegaard that the relationship between the singular and the plural embraces the paradox of absolute difference, the paradox of difference as absolute: the single individual exists only by standing in absolute relation to all others as absolute; the plural exists only insofar as it involves the commitment to the singular standard that, as absolute, preserves the difference of all.

Stigma Resistance and Well-Being in the Context of the Mental Illness Identity

2021 ◽  
pp. 002214652097662
Author(s):  
Kristen Marcussen ◽  
Mary Gallagher ◽  
Christian Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Mental Health Center ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Perceptual Control ◽  
Stigma Resistance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

We use a perceptual control model of identity to examine the relationship between stigmatized appraisals (from self and other) and well-being among individuals with serious mental illness. We also examine the role of stigma resistance strategies in the identity process. Using in-depth interviews with active clients of a community mental health center (N = 156), we find that deflection, or distancing oneself from mental illness, is associated with greater self-esteem and fewer depressive symptoms. Challenging others through education is associated with higher self-esteem, and challenging stigma through activism is associated with fewer depressive symptoms. Activism also moderates the relationship between identity discrepancy (the difference between appraisals from self and other) and well-being; however, the extent to which activism is helpful or harmful depends on whether appraisals from others are more or less stigmatizing than self-views. We discuss the implications of these findings for identity and stigma research.

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