scholarly journals Influence of anatomy and basic density on specific cutting force for wood from Corymbia citriodora Hill & Johnson

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. e036
Author(s):  
Luiz-E. De L. Melo ◽  
José-R. M. da Silva ◽  
Alfredo Napoli ◽  
José-T. Lima ◽  
Débora-F. R. Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Specific Cutting Force ◽  
Fiber Wall ◽  
Xylem Tissue ◽  
Corymbia Citriodora

<p class="abstract"><em>Aim of the study</em>: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of xylem tissue cell structure, determined through biometry and basic density of the wood from <em>Corymbia citriodora </em>Hill &amp; Johnson on consumption of specific 90º-0º longitudinal cutting force.</p><p class="abstract"><em>Area of study</em>: The study area was in the region of the Vale do Rio Doce - Minas Gerais, Brazil.</p><p class="abstract"><em>Material and methods</em>: A diametrical board with dimensions of 60 x 18 x 5 cm (length x width x thickness, respectively), with more than 1.3 m from the ground, was removed. In machining trials, a 400 mm diameter circular saw was used, with 24 “WZ” teeth, feed rate of 10 m.min<sup>-1</sup>, cutting speed of 61 m.s<sup>-1</sup>, and maximum instantaneous torque of 92.5 N.m. During cutting, test specimens were removed with alternated and parallel 1.5 cm edges in 6 radial positions, which were used for biometric determination of cell structure and basic density.</p><p class="abstract"><em>Main results</em>: It was observed that wood basic density, vessel diameter, fiber wall thickness, fiber wall fraction and fiber wall portion were directly proportional to the specific cutting force. In contrast, vessel frequency and fiber lumen diameter proved to be inversely proportional to cutting force.</p><p class="abstract"><em>Research highlights</em>: This work provides important values of quantification of influence of xylem tissue cell structure, determined through biometry and physical properties of the wood that may be used to prediction of consumption of specific cutting force.</p><strong>Keywords</strong>: wood machining; wood properties; optimization of the process.

Specific Cutting Force in Turning of Sintered Nickel Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Struzikiewicz ◽  
Ksenia Rumian
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
Orthogonal Array ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Sintered Alloy ◽  
Cutting Power ◽  
Specific Cutting Force ◽  
Longitudinal Turning

This paper presents the results of the experiments which aimed to determine the value of the specific cutting force (SCF) during longitudinal turning of sintered alloy Inconel PWA. The analysis of the influence of cutting speed on the value of SCF was carried out. Taguchi L9 (2)3 orthogonal array has been applied for experimental design. S/N ratio and ANOVA analyses were performed to identify significant parameters influencing specific cutting force. The analysis presents the method that reduces the cutting power during turning of sintered nickel alloy.

Research on Microscopic Grain-Workpiece Interaction in Grinding through Micro-Cutting Simulation, Part 2: Factorial Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 76-78 ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Yan ◽  
Xue Kun Li ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Zhi Xiong Zhou ◽  
Yi Ming Rong
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Material Removal Rate ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Shear Angle ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Specific Cutting Force ◽  
Single Grain

The grinding process can be considered as micro-cutting processes with irregular abrasive grains on the surface of grinding wheel. Single grain cutting simulation of AISI D2 steel with a wide range of cutting parameters is carried out with AdvantEdgeTM. The effect of cutting parameters on cutting force, chip formation, material removal rate, and derived parameters such as the specific cutting force, critical depth of cut and shear angle is analyzed. The formation of chip, side burr and side flow is observed in the cutting zone. Material removal rate increases with the increase of depth of cut and cutting speed. Specific cutting force decreases with the increase of depth of cut resulting in size effect. The shear angle increases as the depth of cut and cutting speed increase. This factorial analysis of single grain cutting is adopted to facilitate the calculation of force consumption for each single abrasive grain in the grinding zone.

scholarly journals Longitudinal variation of wood basic density and anatomy of Curatella americana L

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Gurgel Vicentin ◽  
José Cambuim ◽  
Sandra Monteiro Borges Florsheim ◽  
Mario Luiz Teixeira de Moraes ◽  
Eduardo Luiz Longui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Vessel Element ◽  
Longitudinal Variation ◽  
Minimum Diameter ◽  
Fiber Wall ◽  
Curatella Americana L ◽  
Curatella Americana

Studies with Curatella americana L wood are justified due to scarce information about this species. In this context, we collected wood samples from six trees (ages varied between 30-40 years old) planted in Selvíria (MS- Brazil). Our objective was to verify longitudinal variation of basic density and wood anatomy. From each sampled tree, 5 cm thick discs were removed, at three different heights: base of the trunk (≈ 15cm from the ground), DBH (diameter at breast height, 1m30cm from the ground), and top of the trunk (commercial height of tree with a minimum diameter of 5 cm). We use standardized methods for basic density and wood anatomy. According to results, we concluded that basic density, fiber length, fiber wall thickness, vessel element length, vessel diameter, and vessel frequency were influenced by different heights. However, in ray percentage, no significant variation was observed. The basic density correlates positively with length and fiber wall thickness, and negatively with vessel frequency.

scholarly journals Study of the physical properties of Corymbia citriodora wood for the prediction of specific cutting force

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (111) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Eduardo de Lima Melo ◽  
José Reinaldo Moreira da Silva ◽  
Alfredo Napoli ◽  
José Tarcisio Lima ◽  
Paulo Fernando Trugilho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Specific Cutting Force ◽  
Corymbia Citriodora

scholarly journals Comparison on various machinability aspects between mixed and reinforced ceramics when machining hardened steels

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamdi Aouici ◽  
Mohamed Elbah ◽  
Asma Benkhelladi ◽  
Brahim Fnides ◽  
Lakhdar Boulanouar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Hard Turning ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Specific Cutting Force ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Mixed Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Insert

The hard turning process has an attracting interest in different industrial sectors for finishing operations of hard materials. However, it still presents disadvantages with respect to process capability and reliability. This paper describes a comparison of surface roughness, specific cutting force and flank wear between mixed ceramic CC650 (Al2O3 (70%) + TiC (30%)) and reinforced ceramic CC670 (Al2O3 (75%) + SiC (25%)) cutting tools when machining in dry hard turning of AISI 4140, treated at 52 HRC using the response surface methodology (RSM). A mathematical prediction model of the machining responses has been developed in terms of cutting speed, feed rate and cutting time parameters. Experimental observations show that the surface roughness obtained with the mixed ceramic insert significantly improved when compared with reinforced ceramic insert with a ratio of 1.44. In the same way, insert CC650 has better performance compared to reinforced ceramic inserts CC670, in terms of the specific cutting force and flank wear.

Cutting Temperature and Cutting Forces Investigation Based on the Taguchi Design Method when High-Speed Milling of Titanium Matrix Composites with PCD Tool

2016 ◽  
Vol 836-837 ◽  
pp. 168-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Fei Ge ◽  
Hai Xiang Huan ◽  
Jiu Hua Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
High Speed Milling ◽  
Radial Depth

High-speed milling tests were performed on vol. (5%-8%) TiCp/TC4 composite in the speed range of 50-250 m/min using PCD tools to nvestigate the cutting temperature and the cutting forces. The results showed that radial depth of cut and cutting speed were the two significant influences that affected the cutting forces based on the Taguchi prediction. Increasing radial depth of cut and feed rate will increase the cutting force while increasing cutting speed will decrease the cutting force. Cutting force increased less than 5% when the reinforcement volume fraction in the composites increased from 0% to 8%. Radial depth of cut was the only significant influence factor on the cutting temperature. Cutting temperature increased with the increasing radial depth of cut, feed rate or cutting speed. The cutting temperature for the titanium composites was 40-90 °C higher than that for the TC4 matrix. However, the cutting temperature decreased by 4% when the reinforcement's volume fraction increased from 5% to 8%.

An Experimental Study of Cutting Force on Large Cutting Depth Turning Titanium Alloy with CBN Tool

2014 ◽  
Vol 800-801 ◽  
pp. 237-240
Author(s):  
Li Fu Xu ◽  
Ze Liang Wang ◽  
Shu Tao Huang ◽  
Bao Lin Dai
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Cutting Depth ◽  
Cbn Tool ◽  
Cutting Experiment ◽  
Rough Turning

In this paper, the cutting experiment was used to study the influence of various cutting parameters on cutting force when rough turning titanium alloy (TC4) with the whole CBN tool. The results indicate that among the cutting speed, feed rate and cutting depth, the influence of the cutting depth is the most significant on cutting force; the next is the feed rate and the cutting speed is at least.

scholarly journals Cutting Force Prediction Models by FEA and RSM When Machining X56 Steel with Single Diamond Grit

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 326
Author(s):  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Xianbin Sha ◽  
Ming Liu ◽  
Liquan Wang ◽  
Yongyin Pang
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Force Prediction ◽  
Force Prediction ◽  
Diamond Wire Saw

In the field of underwater emergency maintenance, submarine pipeline cutting is generally performed by a diamond wire saw. The process, in essence, involves diamond grits distributed on the surface of the beads cutting X56 pipeline steel bit by bit at high speed. To find the effect of the different parameters (cutting speed, coefficient of friction and depth of cut) on cutting force, the finite element (FEA) method and response surface method (RSM) were adopted to obtain cutting force prediction models. The former was based on 64 simulations; the latter was designed according to DoE (Design of Experiments). Confirmation experiments were executed to validate the regression models. The results indicate that most of the prediction errors were within 10%, which were acceptable in engineering. Based on variance analyses of the RSM models, it could be concluded that the depth of the cut played the most important role in determining the cutting force and coefficient the of friction was less influential. Despite making little direct contribution to the cutting force, the cutting speed is not supposed to be high for reducing the coefficient of friction. The cutting force models are instructive in manufacturing the diamond beads by determining the protrusion height of the diamond grits and the future planning of the cutting parameters.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation of Rock Plate Cutting with Three Sides Fixed and One Side Free

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenguo Lu ◽  
Lirong Wan ◽  
Qingliang Zeng ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Kuidong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Rock Cutting ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Cutting Performance ◽  
Conical Pick ◽  
Cutting Method ◽  
Cutting Angle

In order to overcome conical pick wear in the traditional rock cutting method, a new cutting method was proposed on account of increasing free surface of the rock. The mechanical model of rock plate bending under concentrated force was established, and the first fracture position was given. The comparison between experimental and numerical results indicated that the numerical method is effective. A computer code LS-DYNA (3D) was employed to study the cutting performance of a conical pick. To study the rock size influenced on the cutting performance, the numerical simulations with different thickness, width, and height of a rock plate was carried out. The numerical simulation with the different cutting parameters of cutting speed, cutting angle, and cutting position influenced on cutting performance was also carried out. The numerical results indicated that the peak force increased with the increasing thickness of rock plate. With the increasing width and height of the rock plate, the peak force decreased and then became stable. Besides, the peak force decreased with the increasing of cutting position lxp/lx. Moreover, the peak force increased and then decreased with the increasing of cutting angle. The cutting speed has nonsignificant influence on the peak force. The strong exponential relationship was obtained between the peak force and cutting position, thickness, height, and width of the rock plate at a confidence level of 0.95. A binomial relationship was observed between the peak force and cutting angel. The cutting force comparison between traditional rock cutting and rock plate cutting indicated that the new cutting method can effectively reduce peak cutting force.

High-Speed Capturing of Stress Distribution of Workpiece under Ultrasonically Assisted Cutting Condition

2014 ◽  
Vol 1017 ◽  
pp. 747-752
Author(s):  
Hiromi Isobe ◽  
Keisuke Hara
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Condition ◽  
Photoelastic Method ◽  
Intermittent Cutting ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibration Cutting

This paper reports the stress distribution inside the workpiece under ultrasonic vibration cutting (UVC) condition. Many researchers have reported the improvement of tool wear, burr generation and surface integrity by reduction of time-averaged cutting force under UVC condition. However general dynamometers have an insufficient frequency band to observe the processing phenomena caused by UVC. In this paper, stress distribution inside the workpiece during UVC was observed by combining the flash light emission synchronized with ultrasonically vibrating cutting tool and the photoelastic method. Instantaneous stress distribution during UVC condition was observed. Because UVC induced an intermittent cutting condition, the stress distribution changed periodically and disappeared when the tool leaved from the workpiece. It was found that instantaneous maximum cutting force during UVC condition was smaller than quasi-static cutting force during conventional cutting when the cutting speed was less than 500 mm/min.

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