scholarly journals Short communication. Suitable growth stage to start irrigation with saline water to increase salt tolerance and decrease ion accumulation of Kochia scoparia (L. Schrad)

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 650 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Salehi ◽  
M. Kafi
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Ion Accumulation ◽  
Kochia Scoparia

scholarly journals GhCLCg-1, a Vacuolar Chloride Channel, Contributes to Salt Tolerance by Regulating Ion Accumulation in Upland Cotton

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Junping Feng ◽  
Wenyu Ma ◽  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Zongbin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Chloride Channel ◽  
Upland Cotton ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Ion Accumulation ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Gene Expression Analyses ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
Cbs Domains ◽  
Freshwater Salinization

Soil and freshwater salinization is increasingly becoming a problem worldwide and has adversely affected plant growth. However, most of the related studies have focused on sodium ion (Na+) stress, with relatively little research on chloride ion (Cl–) stress. Here, we found that upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) plants accumulated Cl– and exhibited strong growth inhibition under NaCl or KCl treatment. Then, a chloride channel gene (GhCLCg-1) was cloned from upland cotton. Phylogenetic and sequence analyses indicated that GhCLCg-1 was highly homologous to AtCLCg and also have conserved voltage_CLC and CBS domains. The subcellular localization assay showed that GhCLCg-1 was localized on the vacuolar membrane. Gene expression analyses revealed that the expression of GhCLCg-1 increased rapidly in cotton in response to chloride stress (NaCl or KCl), and the transcript levels increased as the chloride stress intensified. The overexpression of GhCLCg-1 in Arabidopsis thaliana changed the uptake of ions with a decrease of the Na+/K+ ratios in the roots, stems, and leaves, and enhanced salt tolerance. In contrast, silencing GhCLCg-1 in cotton plants increased the Cl– contents in the roots, stems, and leaves and the Na+/K+ ratios in the stems and leaves, resulting in compromised salt tolerance. These results provide important insights into the toxicity of chloride to plants and also indicate that GhCLCg-1 can positively regulates salt tolerance by adjusting ion accumulation in upland cotton.

Matching physiological traits and ion concentrations associated with salt stress in cowpea genotypes

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Murillo-Amadot ◽  
Enrique Troyo-Diéguez ◽  
Raúl López-Aguilar ◽  
Alejandro López-Cortés ◽  
Clara L. Tinoco-Ojanguri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Nutrient Deficiency ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Survival Percentage

The salt tolerance of 25 cowpea genotypes (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) was studied during early vegetative growth. Salinity treatments were applied by irrigating with a nutrient solution containing 0, 85, and 170 mmol NaCl/L. Seedling survival decreased linearly as salinity increased, but this enabled cowpea genotypes to be ranked for salinity tolerance according to the magnitudes of slopes of regression of survival percentage on salinity. Sodium concentration was higher in roots than in shoots in all genotypes, and increased significantly in both roots and shoots as salinity increased. Chloride concentration in both roots and shoots increased with increasing salinity in all genotypes, and was higher in shoots than in roots at 85 and 170 mmol NaCl/L. In some cases, Ca, Mg, K, and P concentrations were reduced by an increase in salinity, but none of the genotypes appeared to suffer any nutrient deficiency. We observed wide differences in responses to salinity, and our results suggest that during the growth stage studied, 7 of the 25 genotppes tested could be classified as tolerant or relatively tolerant to salinity (Sonorense, CB3, CB27, Cuarenteño, CB46, Paceño, and IT82D-889).

scholarly journals Effects of Alternating Irrigation with Fresh and Saline Water on the Soil Salt, Soil Nutrients, and Yield of Tomatoes

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1693
Author(s):  
Jingang Li ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Zhongyi Qu ◽  
Shaoli Wang ◽  
Pingru He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Soil Nutrients ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Dissolved Solids ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Soil Salt

Saline water irrigation has become extremely important in arid and semi-arid areas in northwestern China. To study the effect of alternating irrigation models on the soil nutrients, soil salts, and yield of tomatoes with fresh water (total dissolved solids of 0.50 g·L−1) and saline water (total dissolved solids of 3.01 g·L−1), a two-year field experiment was carried out for tomatoes in the Hetao Irrigation District (HID), containing six drip irrigation models: T1 (all freshwater irrigation), T2 (saline water used in the seedling and flowering stages; fresh water in the fruit-set and breaker stages), T3 (saline water in the flowering and fruit-set stages; fresh water in the seedling and breaker stages), T4 (saline water in the fruit-set and breaker stages; fresh water in the seedling and flowering stages), T5 (saline water in the flowering and breaker stages; fresh water in the seedling and fruit-set stages), T6 (saline water in the seedling and fruit-set stages; fresh water in the flowering and breaker stages). The study found that saline water irrigation tends to have a positive effect on soil total nitrogen and a negative influence on soil total phosphorus at each growth stage of the tomato. Soil Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, and Cl− increased over the growth period, soil HCO3− decreased gradually by growth stage, and the salt ions increased with the amount of saline water applied in alternating irrigation. Though the soil salt accumulated in all experimentally designed alternating irrigation models, soil alkalization did not occur in the tomato root zone under the soil matric potential threshold of −25 kPa. The utilization of saline water resulted in about a 1.9–18.2% decline in fruit yield, but the total soluble solids, lycopene, and sugar in the tomato fruits increased. Ultimately, drip irrigation with fresh water at the seedling to flowering stages and saline water at the fruit-set to breaker stages was suggested for tomato cultivation in HID.

Buoyancy, salt tolerance and germination of coastal seeds: implications for oceanic hydrochorous dispersal

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia K. Guja ◽  
David J. Merritt ◽  
Kingsley W. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Plant Dispersal ◽  
Salt Response ◽  
Coastal Plant ◽  
Dispersal Unit ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions

Many coastal plant species are widely distributed, including several pan-global species. Long-distance dispersal and physiological resilience of diaspores (i.e. the plant dispersal unit encompassing the seed and any additional surrounding or attached tissues at dispersal) to adverse environmental conditions are possible contributors to the presence of species over hundreds of kilometres of coastline. Dispersal by water (hydrochory) may occur in coastal habitats. This study investigated diaspore traits considered important for oceanic hydrochorous dispersal, including morphology, buoyancy and survival in seawater, and germination under saline conditions for 13 species common to Holocene dune communities in Western Australia. Of the diaspores of 13 species dominant in this coastal community, 11 floated in seawater, with 7 having >50% of diaspores buoyant after 14 days and some diaspores remaining buoyant for 70 days. Of the 10 species that germinated, diaspores of 9 survived exposure to seawater for up to 70 days. Germination of physiologically dormant seeds contained within indehiscent woody fruits and physically dormant seeds was least affected by time in seawater. The effects of varying concentrations of NaCl (0–500 mM) on germination differed between species, but most were able to recover and germinate when transferred to non-saline water. Three different patterns of salt response were observed. It appears likely a combination of diaspore traits, rather than a single factor, facilitate oceanic hydrochorous dispersal.

scholarly journals 908 PB 533 STUDIES ON NATURE OF SALT TOLERANCE IN OKRA

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 564b-564
Author(s):  
Kh. A. Okasha ◽  
R. M. Helal
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Electronic Conductivities ◽  
High Level

Salt tolerance of four okra cutivars namely : white velvet ; Gold coast ; Balady and Eskandarani, were investigated during three different stages of plant development namely : seed germination, seedling and reproductive stages. At both first and second stages of plant development various concentrations of sea water (diluted with tap water) were used for irrigation while at the third stage, various saline water with different electronic conductivities were used for irrigation Results of these studies revealed that salinity reduced and delayed seed germination At this stage, white velvet cv. appeared to be tolerant to salinity. At the seedling stage, salinity generally reduced hash weight of plant for all tested cuitivars and Gold coast was the lead affected one At the reproductive stage, salinity reduced plant growth and total yield/plant but with different degrees depending upon cultivar In this respect, yield of both Gold coast and Balady was not greatly reduced at the high level of salinity The anatomical studies showed that salinity reduced xylem and phloem elements in okra roots depending upon both salinity level and cultivar Generally, the obtained results suggest that both Gold coast and Balady okra cultivars can considered as tolerant genotypes to salinity and recommended for cultivation in both and and semi-arid lands where salinity is considered a potential problem

scholarly journals Vacuolar Na+/H+ Antiporter Expression and Salt Tolerance Conferred by Actin1D and CaMV35S are Similar in Transgenic Binnatoa Rice

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Touhidul Islam ◽  
Zeba I. Seraj
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Transgenic Plant ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Ion Imbalance

Key words:  RT-PCR, ion imbalance, Binnatoa, transgenic plant  D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5444 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 257-262, 2009 (December)       - Short communication

scholarly journals Rapid Screening for Relative Salt Tolerance among Chile Pepper Genotypes

HortScience ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1192-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genhua Niu ◽  
Denise S. Rodriguez ◽  
Kevin Crosby ◽  
Daniel Leskovar ◽  
John Jifon
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Chile Peppers

Chile peppers are economically important crops in southern regions of the United States. Limited information is available on irrigation management with low-quality water or on salt-affected soils. The objective of this study was to determine the relative salt tolerance of 20 genotypes of chile peppers. In Expt. 1, seeds of selected pepper types (Anaheim, Ancho, Cayenne, Paprika, Jalapeño, Habanero, and Serrano) were germinated in potting mix and seedlings were grown in 2.6-L pots. Six weeks after sowing, salinity treatments were initiated by irrigating plants with nutrient solutions of different electrical conductivities (ECs): 1.4 (control), 3.0, or 6.0 dS·m−1. After 1 month of initiating treatments, shoots were harvested and dry weights were determined. All plants survived and no visual salt injury was observed regardless of pepper variety and treatment. There were no statistical differences between control and saline solution treatments in final height and shoot dry weight of Habanero 1, ‘Early Jalapeño’, ‘AZ-20’, ‘NuMex Joe E. Parker’, and ‘NuMex Sandia’. In Expt. 2, seeds of 20 genotypes were directly sown in 2.6-L containers filled with loamy sand. Saline water irrigation was initiated 37 days after sowing by irrigating plants either with saline (nutrient solution based, similar to Expt. 1) or nutrient solution (control). More than half the genotypes did not have 100% survival in the salinity treatment. Ancho 1, Ancho 2, Cayenne 1, ‘Early Jalapeño’, and ‘AZ-20’ had 100% survival regardless of salinity treatment. No plants of ‘TAM Mild Habanero’ survived when irrigated with saline water and less than half of the plants survived in the control. The relative tolerance of chile genotypes to salinity varied with substrate in some genotypes. From the combined results of the two experiments, the 20 pepper genotypes were ranked for salt tolerance based on seedling survival, visual quality, and growth. ‘Early Jalapeño’ and ‘AZ-20’ were relatively tolerant to salinity among the 20 genotypes, whereas ‘TAM Mild Habanero’ and ‘Ben Villalon’ were sensitive. Ancho 1, Ancho 2, Cayenne 1, and Cayenne 2 also had relatively high tolerance based on survival and visual quality, although shoot growth was reduced significantly.

scholarly journals Characterization of Maize Hybrids (Zea mays L.) for Detecting Salt Tolerance Based on Morpho-Physiological Characteristics, Ion Accumulation and Genetic Variability at Early Vegetative Stage

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2549
Author(s):  
Md Al Samsul Huqe ◽  
Md Sabibul Haque ◽  
Ashaduzzaman Sagar ◽  
Md Nesar Uddin ◽  
Md Alamgir Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Ion Accumulation ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio

Increasing soil salinity due to global warming severely restricts crop growth and yield. To select and recommend salt-tolerant cultivars, extensive genotypic screening and examination of plants’ morpho-physiological responses to salt stress are required. In this study, 18 prescreened maize hybrid cultivars were examined at the early growth stage under a hydroponic system using multivariate analysis to demonstrate the genotypic and phenotypic variations of the selected cultivars under salt stress. The seedlings of all maize cultivars were evaluated with two salt levels: control (without NaCl) and salt stress (12 dS m−1 simulated with NaCl) for 28 d. A total of 18 morpho-physiological and ion accumulation traits were dissected using multivariate analysis, and salt tolerance index (STI) values of the examined traits were evaluated for grouping of cultivars into salt-tolerant and -sensitive groups. Salt stress significantly declined all measured traits except root–shoot ratio (RSR), while the cultivars responded differently. The cultivars were grouped into three clusters and the cultivars in Cluster-1 such as Prabhat, UniGreen NK41, Bisco 51, UniGreen UB100, Bharati 981 and Star Beej 7Star exhibited salt tolerance to a greater extent, accounting for higher STI in comparison to other cultivars grouped in Cluster-2 and Cluster-3. The high heritability (h2bs, >60%) and genetic advance (GAM, >20%) were recorded in 13 measured traits, indicating considerable genetic variations present in these traits. Therefore, using multivariate analysis based on the measured traits, six hybrid maize cultivars were selected as salt-tolerant and some traits such as Total Fresh Weight (TFW), Total Dry Weight (TDW), Total Na+, Total K+ contents and K+–Na+ Ratio could be effectively used for the selection criteria evaluating salt-tolerant maize genotypes at the early seedling stage.

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