Determinants of anaemia among children aged under-five years in Meghalaya, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Rituparna Acharjee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Garo Hills

Abstract: Childhood anaemia poses serious threats to public health and may impair growth, cardiac function and cognitive and physical development. It also causes in-creased susceptibility to infections. Statistical analysis was performed on the cross-sectional data of 2957 children from 2015-2016 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-IV), using binary logistic regression model, to assess the significance of some risk factors of child anemia. Anemia was diagnosed by WHO cut-off points on hemoglobin level. The mean haemoglobin concentration was 114.19 g/dl (95% CI, 113.55-114.83) with the prevalence of child anaemia as 60.4% in Meghalaya. Of the 7 districts in Meghalaya (as per the seven-district classification used in NFHS-4), the highest prevalence was found in West Garo Hills (70.4 per cent), followed by Ri- Bhoi (67.7 per cent) and East Garo Hills (66.4 per cent) and the least prevalence was found in East Khasi Hills (45.6 per cent). The results of binary logistic risk factors showed higher likelihood of anaemia for lower age groups and higher birth orders (p <0.05). Keywords: Meghalaya; Children; Anaemia; Risk factors; Logistic Regression.

Determinants of anaemia among children aged under-five years in Meghalaya, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-09
Author(s):  
Rituparna Acharjee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Garo Hills ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Childhood anaemia poses serious threats to public health and may impair growth, cardiac function and cognitive and physical development. It also causes increased susceptibility to infections. Statistical analysis was performed on the cross-sectional data of 2957 children from 2015-2016 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-IV), using binary logistic regression model, to assess the significance of some risk factors of child anemia. Anemia was diagnosed by WHO cut-off points on hemoglobin level. The mean haemoglobin concentration was 114.19 g/dl (95% CI, 113.55-114.83) with the prevalence of child anaemia as 60.4% in Meghalaya. Of the 7 districts in Meghalaya (as per the seven-district classification used in NFHS-4), the highest prevalence was found in West Garo Hills (70.4 per cent), followed by Ri-Bhoi (67.7 per cent) and East Garo Hills (66.4 per cent) and the least prevalence was found in East Khasi Hills (45.6 per cent). The results of binary logistic risk factors showed higher likelihood of anaemia for lower age groups and higher birth orders (p <0.05).

scholarly journals Canine Gastrointestinal Nematodiases and Associated Risk Factors in Kigali City, Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Pie Ntampaka ◽  
François Niragire ◽  
Philip Njeru Nyaga ◽  
Gervais Habarugira
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Animal Products

Canine nematodes pose a public health risk to humans and livestock; however, the prevalence of canine nematodiases in Rwanda is unknown. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of canine nematodiases and identifying the risk factors for such infections in Kigali, the capital city of Rwanda. A cross-sectional study involved 93 dogs selected across Kigali city. Faecal samples were collected from apparently healthy dogs, and nematode eggs were identified and quantified using the McMaster technique. Risk factors for canine nematodiases were analysed by a multivariable binary logistic regression model. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) nematodiases in dogs was 33.3% (95% CI: 23.8–42.9). The most prevalent species was Ancylostoma spp with 32.3% (95% CI: 22.8–41.8). Nearly 38.7% and 3.2% of the dogs infected with Ancylostoma spp and Toxocara canis had high egg counts per gram (EPG) of faeces (≥550), respectively. Approximately 96.8% of dogs infected with nematodes had monoinfection. Logistic regression analysis showed that dog’s age (1 to 2.5 years old), location (Gasabo and Kicukiro districts), and feeding practices were significantly associated with prevalence of canine nematodiases. In particular, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was more than 5 times higher for dogs fed on uncooked animal products and leftovers from households and restaurants compared to those who ate food prepared for them. The AOR was also about 16 times higher for dogs that scavenged and ate leftovers from households compared to those who ate food prepared for them. The findings of this study indicate that the prevalence of GI nematodes in domestic dogs in Kigali city, Rwanda, was 33.3% (95% CI: 23.8–42.9). The identified nematodes, namely, Ancylostoma spp. and Toxocara canis, are zoonotic, and dogs and humans are at risk of contracting these nematodes. The factors associated with canine GI nematodes in Kigali city include feeding practices and the dog’s age and location (district). Dog owners need to rethink procedures for deworming and feeding their dogs. Again, the public should be made aware of the role of dogs in transmitting zoonotic nematodes to humans.

scholarly journals A predictive model for early diagnosis of keratoconus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRACIA CASTRO-LUNA ◽  
ANTONIO PÉREZ-RUEDA
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The diagnosis of keratoconus in the early stages of the disease is necessary to initiate an early treatment of keratoconus. Furthermore, to avoid possible refractive surgery that could produce ectasias. This study aims to describe the topographic, pachymetric and aberrometry characteristics in patients with keratoconus, subclinical keratoconus and normal corneas. Additionally to propose a diagnostic model of subclinical keratoconus based in binary logistic regression models Methods: The design was a cross-sectional study. It included 205 eyes from 205 patients distributed in 82 normal corneas, 40 early-stage keratoconus and 83 established keratoconus. The rotary Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam® type) analyzed the topographic, pachymetric and aberrometry variables. It performed a descriptive and bivariate analysis of the recorded data. A diagnostic and predictive model of early-stage keratoconus was calculated with the statistically significant variables Results: Statistically significant differences were observed when comparing normal corneas with early-stage keratoconus/ in variables of the vertical asymmetry to 90º and the central corneal thickness. The binary logistic regression model included the minimal corneal thickness, the anterior coma to 90º and posterior coma to 90º. The model properly diagnosed 92% of cases with a sensitivity of 97.59%, specificity 98.78%, accuracy 98.18% and precision 98.78%Conclusions: The differential diagnosis between normal cases and subclinical keratoconus depends on the mínimum corneal thickness, the anterior coma to 90º and the posterior coma to 90º.

scholarly journals A model of visual limitation in patients with keratoconus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Pérez-Rueda ◽  
Gracia Castro-Luna
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity

Abstract This paper aims to calculate a relevance model of visual limitation (V.L.) in keratoconus patients based on refractive and topographic parameters. A cross-sectional study was carried out in Torrecárdenas Hospital, Almería, Spain, between February 2018 and July 2019. It included 250 keratoconus patients. Two groups were created according to a grading system of V.L. based on RETICS (Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Salud) classification: keratoconus patients with no V.L. (best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) ≤ 0.05 logMAR) and keratoconus patients with V.L. (BSCVA > 0.05 logMAR). Correlations and a binary logistic regression were established. V.L. was correlated with maximum curvature (r = 0.649, p < 0.001) and root mean square higher-order aberrations (HOARMS) (r = 0.625, p < 0.001). Binary logistic regression included V.L. as the dependent variable and spherical equivalent, HOARMS, spherical aberration and interaction between the anterior and posterior vertical coma as independent variables. The model was a good fit. Area under the curve (A.U.C.) of receiver operating characteristic (R.O.C.) curve was 0.924, sensitivity 91.90%, specificity 83.60%, accuracy 88.94%; and precision 91.17%. Binary logistic regression model of V.L. is a good fit model to predict the early loss of visual acuity in keratoconus patients.

Procurement planning as a strategic tool for public procurement effectiveness: Experience from selected public procuring entities in Dodoma city, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Abdi Changalima ◽  
Gift Onesmo Mushi ◽  
Shadrack Samwel Mwaiseje
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Procurement Planning

Purpose The significance of the public procurement function is on the survival and development of procuring entities and that of a nation at large. This study aims to focus on examining the influence of procurement planning on the effectiveness of public procurement, experience from selected public procuring entities in Dodoma city, Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional design was adopted from which data were collected from 146 respondents who were purposively chosen from several public procuring entities located at Dodoma city in the United Republic of Tanzania by using a survey structured questionnaire and analysed through a binary logistic regression model. Findings Findings revealed that procurement planning as a strategic function significantly influences the effectiveness of public procurement. The binary logistic regression model included the implementation of prepared procurement plans (p = 0.039), the involvement of users as stakeholders and important institutional actors in public procurement (p = 0.033), compliance to procurement laws and regulations when planning (p = 0.016) and adequacy of budget (p = 0.042) as predictors of procurement planning were tested to be significantly related to the effectiveness of public procurement. It was concluded that public procuring entities can achieve public procurement effectiveness through procurement planning. Social implications The implications and policy recommendations of the findings of this study would be useful to procurement practitioners mostly in public procuring entities. Originality/value This study contributes to adding knowledge to the existing body of knowledge on procurement planning as an imperative activity in public procurement in Tanzania.

scholarly journals A predictive model for early diagnosis of keratoconus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRACIA CASTRO-LUNA ◽  
ANTONIO PÉREZ-RUEDA
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Abstract Background: The diagnosis of keratoconus in the early stages of the disease is necessary to initiate an early treatment of keratoconus. Furthermore to avoid possible refractive surgery that could produce ectasias. This study aims to describe the topographic, pachymetric and aberrometry characteristics in patients with keratoconus, subclinical keratoconus and normal corneas. Additionally to propose a diagnostic model of subclinical keratoconus based in binary logistic regression models Methods: The design was a cross-sectional study. It included 205 eyes from 205 patients distributed in 82 normal corneas, 40 subclinical keratoconus and 83 established keratoconus The rotary Scheimpflug camera (Pentacam® type) analyzed the topographic, pachymetric and aberrometry variables. It performed a descriptive and bivariate analysis of the recorded data. A diagnostic and predictive model of subclinical keratoconus was calculated with the statistically significant variables Results: Statistically significant differences were observed when comparing normal corneas with subclinical keratoconus/ in variables of the vertical asymmetry to 90º and the central corneal thickness. The binary logistic regression model included the minimal corneal thickness, the anterior coma to 90º and posterior coma to 90º. The model properly diagnosed 92% of cases Conclusions: The differential diagnosis between normal cases and subclinical keratoconus depends on the mínimum corneal thickness, the anterior coma to 90º and the posterior coma to 90º.

scholarly journals Risk Factors that Affect The Incidence of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever in The Work Area of Puskesmas Pare

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Ericha Fitria Widyatama
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Haemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Work Area

Pare Community Health Center or Puskesmas is one of Puskesmas in Kecamatan Pare which has the highest number of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever incidence that is 64 incidence in 2016. The purpose of this study is to analyze the risk factors that affect the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in the work area of Puskesmas Pare. It was an observational study with cross sectional approach. Interviews and environmental observations were conducted on 100 respondents, randomly, in the working area of Puskesmas Pare, Desa Tulungrejo. The independent variables of the research were larvae existence , maya index status and 4M Plus behavior, with the dependent variable of the research was Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever incidence in 2016.This data was analized by binary logistic regression test.The results of this study indicate that risk factors that affect the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever is the action of 4M Plus (p = 0,017).Therefore, the 4M Plus actions should be further improved independently and promoted evenly to the community in order to suppress the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever.

scholarly journals Latent tuberculosis infection among health-care workers using Quantiferon-TB Gold-Plus in a country with a low burden for tuberculosis: prevalence and risk factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Abdulellah Almohaya ◽  
Abdulwahab Aldrees ◽  
Layan Akkielah ◽  
Alshaima Talal Hashim ◽  
Fahad Almajid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Latent Tuberculosis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Health-care workers (HCW) are susceptible to latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The prevalence of LTBI in HCW in Saudi Arabia has not been reported using the fourth-generation interferon gamma release assay QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus). OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of LTBI in a large heterogeneous HCW population and assess risk factors for LTBI. DESIGN: Cross-sectional and case-control study. SETTING: Tertiary academic hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Medical records of HCWs who had QFT-Plus performed between January to December 2018 were reviewed and included in the cross-sectional study. In a subset analysis, randomly selected positive QFT-Plus cases were compared with controls selected from the same areas of work. Univariate and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the significance of other factors to QFT-PLus positivity. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of LTBI in HCWs and potential risk factors for LTBI. SAMPLE SIZE: 3024 HCWs in the cross-sectional analysis; 294 cases and 294 controls in the case-control analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-four percent (n=733) of the HCWs had a positive QFT-Plus. The median (interquartile range) age was 34.0 (31.0-37.1) years, 71% were female, and only 24.8% were of Saudi nationals. Nursing represented 57.7% of HCWs, and 24.7% were working in a non-clinical area. Only 20.3% worked in TB-related departments. A higher risk of LTBI was present in HCWs who were older than 50 years (OR=1.95), from either Philippines (OR=4.7) or the Indian subcontinent (OR=4.1), working as a nurse (OR=2.7), allied health profession (OR=2.1), radiology technician (OR=3.1), or in the emergency room (OR=2.4) or intensive care unit (OR=2.1). In the binary logistic regression, independent predictors for positive QFT-Plus were age group older than 50 years (aOR=2.96), known TB exposure (aOR=1.97), and not receiving BCG at birth (aOR=3.08). LIMITATION: Single-center, retrospective, possible recall bias for BCG vaccination. CONCLUSION: The high prevalence of LTBI among HCW emphasizes the need to continue pre-employment screening, especially for employed personnel from high endemic areas, with targeted annual screening for the same group and other identified high-risk groups. These findings can aid in the development of national screening guidelines for LTBI in HCW. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

Epidemiology and risk factors for varicose veins among older people: cross-sectional population study in the UK

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 236-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Clark ◽  
I Harvey ◽  
F G R Fowkes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk

Background There are many hypotheses concerning risk factors for the development of varicose veins based mostly on pathophysiological plausibility. Population studies have been carried out mostly on the middle aged with relatively few on elderly populations. Objectives To investigate epidemiological risk factors for varicose veins in an elderly population in the UK. Methods The South Wales Skin Cancer study – an examination survey undertaken between 1988 and 1991 of a random sample ( n = 792) drawn from all patients aged 60 and over registered with a general practitioner in South Glamorgan. Exposure variables were obtained from a structured administered questionnaire combined with clinical examination. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios were estimated using logistic regression. Results The response rate was 71% with an average age of 71 years (range 60–97). The age-adjusted prevalence of trunk varices was 63.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 57.9–68.4%) in men and 57.0% (95% CI 50.6–63.4%) in women. In a multiple logistic regression the significant risk factors for varicose veins were increasing age ( P value = 0.001), obesity (odds ratio [OR] 3.28, 95% CI 1.25–8.63, P = 0.042), self-reported history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (OR 3.19, 1.16–8.78, P = 0.024) and history of hypertension (OR 0.58, 0.38–0.89, P = 0.013). The results for gender suggested that women were at greater risk than men, but this was not statistically significant (OR 1.53, 0.99–2.38, P = 0.056). Conclusion Trunk varices occur very commonly in older age groups with increasing age, obesity and possibly female sex as risk factors. Associations found with DVT and hypertension were based on history alone and must be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Socio-economic Characteristics of Rural Households on Their Saving Decision in Pabna District of Bangladesh: A Binary Logistic Regression Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Md. Al-Amin
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Saving ◽  
Private Savings

Household saving ensures a smooth future by softening the potential insecurities arise from uncertainty at the cost of present consumption. Moreover, the volume of national investment determines the actual health of an economy which is intensively associated with national savings. This study aimed at determining the effects of different socio-economic characteristics of rural households on their saving decision in Pabna district of Bangladesh. This research used a set of cross-sectional data from 250 households from three upazilas in Pabna district namely Pabna Sadar, Iswardi and Sujanagar on the relevant variables for the empirical analysis. A multistage random sampling technique involving simple, purposive and stratified random sampling was used to draw the sample. The study employed a binary logistic regression model to assess the influences of different socio-economic and demographic characteristics of rural household on their saving decision. The findings of the current study asserted that gender, family size and dependency ratio of household have significant and negative effects on their decision to start saving or not to start saving. Contrarily, the effects of the variables age, education level, marital status, income, secondary earner and liabilities on the decision of households to participate in saving were positive and significant. Moreover, the results revealed that social status has a strong but insignificant effect, but the variables access to bank and credit facilities have almost no significant effect on the household saving decisions. Since, private savings is essential for both the micro and macro level of an economy, therefore the study tried to suggest some recommendations with a view to increase private savings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document