scholarly journals Heat island study over Madras city and neighbourhood

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
N. JAYANTHI
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Wind Data ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Pollution Potential ◽  
Mixing Height ◽  
Maximum Heat

Based on surface temperature, humidity and wind data collected from 77 points over a period of eight days in and around Madras using mobile surveys, the heat island characteristics at Madras have been assessed. The maximum heat island intensity is seen to be about 4°C. The humidity pattern apart from showing maritime influence also indicates a minimum over the heat pocket. The mixing height is found to be more over urban area than over rural area indicating lower pollution potential over the former due to the mixing over a larger depth than in the latter.

scholarly journals A Methodology for Comparing the Surface Urban Heat Island in Selected Urban Agglomerations Around the World from Sentinel-3 SLSTR Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2052 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Sobrino ◽  
Itziar Irakulis
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Agglomerations ◽  
The World ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Surface Urban Heat Island

Retrieval of land surface temperature (LST) from satellite data allows to estimate the surface urban heat island (SUHI) as the difference between the LST obtained in the urban area and the LST of its surroundings. However, this definition depends on the selection of the urban and surroundings references, which translates into greater difficulty in comparing SUHI values in different urban agglomerations across the world. In order to avoid this problem, a methodology is proposed that allows reliable quantification of the SUHI. The urban reference is obtained from the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative Land Cover and three surroundings references are considered; that is, the urban adjacent (Su), the future adjacent (Sf), and the peri-urban (Sp), which are obtained from mathematical expressions that depend exclusively on the urban area. In addition, two formulations of SUHI are considered: SUHIMAX and SUHIMEAN, which evaluate the maximum and average SUHI of the urban area for each of the three surrounding references. As the urban population growth phenomenon is a world-scale problem, this methodology has been applied to 71 urban agglomerations around the world using LST data obtained from the sea and land surface temperature radiometer (SLSTR) on board Sentinel-3A. The results show average values of SUHIMEAN of (1.8 ± 0.9) °C, (2.6 ± 1.3) °C, and (3.1 ± 1.7) °C for Su, Sf, and Sp, respectively, and an average difference between SUHIMAX and SUHIMEAN of (3.1 ± 1.1) °C. To complete the study, two additional indices have been considered: the Urban Thermal Field Variation Index (UFTVI) and the Discomfort Index (DI), which proved to be essential for understanding the SUHI phenomenon and its consequences on the quality of life of the inhabitants.

scholarly journals APLIKASI TEKNOLOGI PENGINDERAAN JARAK JAUH UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASI HEAT ISLAND (“PULAU PANAS”) DI KOTA PEKANBARU

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-59
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ikhwan ◽  
Hadinoto Hadinoto
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Building Area ◽  
Satellite Image Data

The increasingly development in Pekanbaru city caused the environmental change. This condition also affected to the increased of surface temperature on the urban area of Pekanbaru City. The increasing of surface temperature will lead the increasing of air temperature which could impact to the uncomfortable activity in Pekanbaru City. The high air temperature in urban areas is caused by increasing built-up areas and declining green open space. Green open space should be built to lower air temperature and to create a comfortable micro climate. Green open space should be developed at locations with high air temperature to reach its efficiency. The research was aimed to identify the phenomena of Heat Island in Kota Pekanbaru. The processing satellite image data of band 6 of Landat 7 ETM+ was conducted to produce the distribution of surface temperature in Pekanbaru City. The results shows that, the surface temperature of the urban area is higher than the green open space area, especially for residence area, road, office building area and bare land. This condition indicates that the phenomena of Heat Island accurs in Pekanbaru City.

Development of Environmental-Friendly Water-Retentive Asphalt and its Characteristics

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Sang Ho Lee ◽  
Hee Bum Pyun ◽  
Chae Sung Gee ◽  
Jong Bin Park
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Island Phenomena

Urban area may be warmer than surrounding regions due to asphalt and concrete for roads, buildings, and other artificial structures. Especially, pavements have become an important contributor to this effect by altering land-cover over significant portions of an urban area. Therefore, researchers have studied ways to reduce the heat island effect such as cooling pavement, porous pavements such as water-retentive or water absorbing pavements. Accordingly, this study aims at the development of water-retention asphalt pavement for urban areas in order to solve problems related to the distortion of water cycle and the heat island phenomena. Experimental results indicated that asphalt pavement using developed water retaining material was effective to decrease its surface temperature compare to other pavements. A correlation between air temperature and surface temperature of the pavement was obtained to estimate the efficiency of the developed pavement materials.

Identifikasi Pertumbuhan Urban Heat Island secara Spasial-Temporal di Kota Palangka Raya Menggunakan Penginderaan Jauh dan Sistem Informasi Geografis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afrilyani Kontryana ◽  
Abdul Wahid Hasyim ◽  
Amin Setyo Leksono
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Urban Village ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
The City

Developments in the city of Palangka Raya y giving different temperature between urban and sub-urban. Phenomenon that  cities have warmer temperatures than sub-urban and rural areas called Urban Heat Island (UHI). This study aims to find out about the development of the UHI phenomenon in the city of Palangka Raya  from 2000  to 2018 using remote sensing and geographical system. Based on the analysis of the TIR band landsat 7,  in Kota Palangka Raya since 2000 has been UHI phenomenon, where high Land Surface Temperature (LST) was found dominantly in urban areas  compared to sub-urban areas . In 2018, as Palangka Raya city  had developed, based on the result of TIR band Landsat 8, the distribution of high LST not only found in the urban area, but in the sub-urban zone, especially at  Menteng Urban Village and Panarung Urban Village. The development of UHI in Palangka Raya city over eighteen years (2000-2018) show  in the sub-urban area  experienced changes of UHIindex’s area more dynamic than the urban area. Urban development causing to conversion of  vegetated land into impervious land,  which greatly affects the energy balance. The increase in impervious areas causes more solar radiation  that reaches the surfaces of the earth   more absorbing and it is converted into sensible thermal  energy which increases the surface temperature.

Study on Thermal Environmental Characteristics of Water-Retentive Asphalt Pavement

2010 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Bum Pyun ◽  
Ree Ho Kim ◽  
Sang Ho Lee ◽  
Jong Bin Park
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Island Phenomena

Urban area may be warmer than surrounding regions due to asphalt and concrete for roads, buildings, and other artificial structures. Especially, pavements have become an important contributor to this effect by altering land-cover over significant portions of an urban area. Therefore, researchers have studied ways to reduce the heat island effect such as cooling pavement, porous pavements such as water-retentive or water absorbing pavements. Accordingly, this study aims at the development of water-retention asphalt pavement for urban areas in order to solve problems related to the distortion of water cycle and the heat island phenomena. Experimental results indicated that asphalt pavement using developed water retaining material was effective to decrease its surface temperature compare to other pavements. A correlation between air temperature and surface temperature of the pavement was obtained to estimate the efficiency of the developed pavement materials.

scholarly journals Remote sensing evaluation of land surface temperature and urban area expansion in Zhengzhou city during 2013-2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Sheheryar Khan ◽  
Sajid Gul ◽  
Weidong Li
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Island Area

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) concept is one of the most serious ecological and social challenges of the urbanisation. As a result of these events, several man-made urban areas have displaced the rural areas with increased thermal conductivity surfaces, resulting in higher temperatures in the urban areas. Thus, this paper analyses the variations in Land Surface Temperature (LST) and the heat island area using Landsat 8 data and NPP VIIRS night-time light data. The data sources during 2013-2015 of Zhengzhou city, China, are selected to be a case study in this research work. According to the research, the economic centre of Zhengzhou city is shifting eastward, and the mean centre of urban area acquired from NPP VIIRS night-light data is extremely similar to the heat island area derived from Landsat 8 data. Also, the heat island areas obtained from the NPP VIIRS night-light data, and the yearbook data of Zhengzhou Bureau of Statistics are comparable with the accuracies of 96-99%. Hence, our proposed procedure can be implemented practically to point out the urban areas, to identify the UHI areas with high accuracies in other regions and also can be used to indicate how large the UHI effects on the urban area with increased population and industries.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Land Cover Dynamics on Surface Urban Heat Island Variations in Semi-Arid Cities: A Case Study in Ahmedabad City, India, Using Multi-Sensor/Source Data

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pir Mohammad ◽  
Ajanta Goswami ◽  
Stefania Bonafoni
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Urban Heat ◽  
Surface Urban Heat Island ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Semi Arid

This study examines the behavior of land surface temperature (LST) and surface urban heat island (SUHI) from MODIS data over Ahmedabad city, Gujarat state (India), from 2003 to 2018. Summer and winter LST patterns were analyzed, both daytime and nighttime. Ahmedabad, one of the fastest growing metropolitan cities in India, is characterized by a semi-arid climate. The investigation focuses on the SUHI variations due to warming or cooling trends of both urban and rural areas, providing quantitative interpretations by means of multi-sensor/source data. Land cover maps, normalized differential vegetation index, surface albedo, evapotranspiration, urban population, and groundwater level were analyzed across the years to assess their impact on SUHI variations. Moreover, a field campaign was carried out in summer 2018 to measure LST in several rural and urban sites. During summer daytime, the rural zone exhibits a higher average LST than the urban area, resulting in a mean negative SUHI, typical of arid cities, while a slight positive SUHI (mean intensity of 0.4 °C) during winter daytime is present. An evident positive SUHI is found only during summer (1.8 °C) and winter nighttime (3.2 °C). The negative SUHI intensity is due to the low vegetation presence in the rural area, dominated by croplands turning into bare land surfaces during the pre-monsoon summer season. Higher LST values in the rural area than in the urban area are also confirmed by the field campaign, with an average difference of about 5 °C. Therefore, the impact of the rural LST in biasing the SUHI is evident, and a careful biophysical interpretation is needed. For instance, within the urban area, the yearly intensity of the summer daytime SUHI is not correlated with the evapotranspiration, while the correspondent summer daytime LST exhibits a significant negative correlation (−0.73) with evapotranspiration. Furthermore, despite the city growth across the years, the urban area does not generally reveal a temporal increase of the magnitude of the heat island but an enlargement of its spatial footprint.

Perubahan Pemaknaan Peran Perempuan Muslim dalam Pengasuhan Anak di Pedesaan Kawasan Prambanan

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muryanti Muryanti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Rural Society ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Economic Reason ◽  
Domestic Worker

Muslim women worked in public sector in all variant jobs not only in urban area, but also in rural area phenomena. They had been doing it because of freedom, education, solidarity, or economic reason. When Muslim women worked in public sector, the new problems were appears, about care of children in the house as domestic work. These phenomenons were related to Indonesian’s culture and Islam perspective that believed the jobs of care of children was women burden. This article described about changing of meaning the role of Muslim women in the caring children. There were many institutions replaced care children, like day care etc. This article used qualitative research with observation and interview. The result of research, there were changing care of children in rural society. Before 2000, Muslim women were depend on family (extend family), neighbors, domestic worker, but in 2013, they prefered care of their children in the new institution (day care) because this institution gave early education to the child and save. But, majority Muslim women in this research believed that domestic works are their jobs.

scholarly journals Postharvest Burning of Crop Residues in Home Stoves in a Rural Site of Daejeon, Korea: Its Impact to Atmospheric Carbonaceous Aerosol

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 257
Author(s):  
Jin Sang Jung ◽  
Ji Hwan Kang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Rural Site ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosols ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Crop Residue Burning ◽  
The Impact

To investigate the impact of burning postharvest crop residues in home stoves, PM2.5 samples (particulate matter with a diameter of <2.5 μm) were collected every 3 h at a rural site in Daejeon, Korea during the postharvest season in 2014. A high concentration of levoglucosan was observed with a peak value of 3.8 µg/m3 during the sampling period. The average mannosan/levoglucosan ratio (0.18) at the rural site during a severe BB episode (levoglucosan > 1 μg/m3) was similar to burnings of pepper stems (0.19) and bean stems (0.18) whereas the average OC/levoglucosan ratio (9.9) was similar to burning of pepper stems (10.0), implying that the severe BB episode was mainly attributed to burning of pepper stems. A very strong correlation was observed between levoglucosan and organic carbon (OC) (R2 = 0.81) during the entire sampling period, suggesting that the emission of organic aerosols at the rural site was strongly associated with the burning of crop residues in home stoves. The average mannosan/levoglucosan ratio (0.17 ± 0.06) in the rural area was similar to that in a nearby urban area in Daejeon (0.16 ± 0.04). It was concluded that crop residue burning in a home stove for space heating is one of the important sources of carbonaceous aerosols not only in a rural area but also in the urban area of Daejeon, Korea during the postharvest season.

scholarly journals Cooling Effect of Different Land Cover Types: A Case Study in Xi’an and Xianyang, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1099
Author(s):  
Yuhe Ma ◽  
Mudan Zhao ◽  
Jianbo Li ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Lifa Hu
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Urban Heat Island ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Land Cover Types ◽  
Island Effect ◽  
Urban Heat

One of the climate problems caused by rapid urbanization is the urban heat island effect, which directly threatens the human survival environment. In general, some land cover types, such as vegetation and water, are generally considered to alleviate the urban heat island effect, because these landscapes can significantly reduce the temperature of the surrounding environment, known as the cold island effect. However, this phenomenon varies over different geographical locations, climates, and other environmental factors. Therefore, how to reasonably configure these land cover types with the cooling effect from the perspective of urban planning is a great challenge, and it is necessary to find the regularity of this effect by designing experiments in more cities. In this study, land cover (LC) classification and land surface temperature (LST) of Xi’an, Xianyang and its surrounding areas were obtained by Landsat-8 images. The land types with cooling effect were identified and their ideal configuration was discussed through grid analysis, distance analysis, landscape index analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that an obvious cooling effect occurred in both woodland and water at different spatial scales. The cooling distance of woodland is 330 m, much more than that of water (180 m), but the land surface temperature around water decreased more than that around the woodland within the cooling distance. In the specific urban planning cases, woodland can be designed with a complex shape, high tree planting density and large planting areas while water bodies with large patch areas to cool the densely built-up areas. The results of this study have utility for researchers, urban planners and urban designers seeking how to efficiently and reasonably rearrange landscapes with cooling effect and in urban land design, which is of great significance to improve urban heat island problem.

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