Drug use pattern of over-the-counter and alternative medications in pregnancy: A cross sectional descriptive study

ObjectiveInappropriate use of medicine is a global challenge with greater impact on developing countries. Assessment of drug use pattern is used to identify gaps in medicine utilisation to implement strategies for promoting rational drug use. This study aimed to assess drug use pattern using the WHO drug use indicators in selected general hospitals in Tigray region, Ethiopia.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted using WHO drug use indicators in two public hospitals located in Tigray.SettingPrescriptions recorded from 1 January 2017 to 1 June 2019 were randomly selected, and participants who visited the public hospitals from 1 March 2019 to 30 August 2019 and hospital pharmacies were interviewed.Participants100 patients who visited both outpatient clinics and hospital pharmacy departments of the public hospitals.ResultsThe average number of medicines per prescription was 1.69 (±0.81). Prescriptions containing antibiotics and injectables were 58.2% and 15.9%, respectively. The percentages of medicines prescribed with a generic name from essential medicines list of Ethiopia were 97.5% (974) and 88.1% (970) in Mekelle Hospital and Quiha Hospital, respectively. The patients spent an average of 6.6(±3.5) min with their general practitioners, while only 22.8 (±21.7) s with their pharmacists. Of the patients interviewed, 56.9% knew their dosing regimen and 32.7% of them had their medication labelled.ConclusionThe finding of the present study revealed deviation of drug use pattern from the WHO optimal levels suggesting the hospitals had limitations in appropriate utilisation of medicines. Understanding the factors attributed to the observed gaps and implementing corrective measures are required to conform with the recommended standards of appropriate drug utilisation.

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Drug Use Pattern Using WHO Prescribing Indicators: A Descriptive, Cross-sectional, Retrospective Study

10.9734/bpi/caprd/v3/13705d ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 62-71

Author(s):

Rezarta Shkreli ◽

Klodiola Dhamo ◽

Afrim Tabaku

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Drug Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prescribing Indicators ◽

Use Pattern ◽

Drug Use Pattern

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Drug use pattern among non-heterosexual and transgender people detained in a female prison complex

Journal of Substance Use ◽

10.1080/14659891.2021.1916850 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Paulo Cardoso Lins-Filho ◽

Fabiana Menezes Teixeira de Carvalho ◽

Jaciel Leandro de Melo Freitas ◽

Andressa Kelly Alves Ferreira ◽

Maria Cecília Freire de Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Transgender People ◽

Use Pattern ◽

Drug Use Pattern

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Gambaran Kadar Hemoglobin pada Ibu Hamil Trimester III di Rumah Sakit Robert Wolter Mongisidi Manado

Medical Scope Journal ◽

10.35790/msj.1.2.2020.28004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Selfesina Sikoway ◽

Yanti Mewo ◽

Youla Assa

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Hemoglobin Level ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Abnormal Phenomenon ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Obstetric Department ◽

In Pregnancy

Abstract: Hemoglobin (Hb) is a parameter used to determine anemia prevalence. The average level of normal Hb at the end of pregnancy is around 12.5 g/dL, meanwhile, aproximately 5% of pregnant women have Hb level less than 11.0 g/dL. To date, Hb level below 11.0 g/dL especially at the end of pregnancy should be considered as an abnormal phenomenon and is usually caused by iron deficiency and not by hypervolemia which is commonly found in pregnancy. This study was aimed to determine the hemoglobin level of third semester pregnant women in Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital Manado. This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Subjects were 39 third semester pregnant women who visited the Obstetric Department of Robert Wolter Mongisidi Hospital and fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results showed that 25 subjects (64.1%) had low hemoglobin levels and 14 subjects (35.9%) had normal level of hemoglobin. In conclusion, most third semester pregnant women had low hemoglobin levels.Keywords: hemoglobin rate, third trimester pregnant women, anemia Abstrak: Hemoglobin (Hb) darah merupakan parameter yang digunakan untuk menetapkan prevalensi anemia. Nilai normal Hb pada akhir kehamilan rata-rata 12,5 g/dL, dan sekitar 5% wanita hamil konsentrasinya kurang dari 11,0 g/dL. Nilai Hb dibawah 11,0 g/dL terutama pada akhir kehamilan perlu dianggap abnormal dan biasanya disebabkan oleh defisiensi besi dan bukan karena hipervolemia yang umumnya ditemukan pada kehamilan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar hemoglobin pada ibu hamil trimester III di Rumah Sakit Robert Wolter Mongisidi Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan menggunakan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian ialah 39 ibu hamil trimester III yang berkunjung di Poliklinik Kebidanan di Rumah Sakit Robert Wolter Mongisidi Manado yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 25 subyek (64,1%) memiliki kadar hemoglobin rendah dan 14 subyek (35,9%) memiliki kadar hemoglobin normal. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah sebagian besar ibu hamil trimester III memiliki kadar hemoglobin rendah.Kata kunci: kadar hemoglobin, ibu hamil trimester III, anemia

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Evaluate use of over the counter drugs among medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20191586 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 973

Author(s):

Megha Sood ◽

Jagminder Kaur Bajaj ◽

Nipunjot Grewal

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Drug Use ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Easy Access ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Care Teaching ◽

Otc Drugs ◽

Abdominal Symptoms

Background: In our country there is easy availability of drugs over the counter leading to their unintentional misuse and abuse. Over the counter availability of drugs does offer the benefit of easy access to medicines and allows individuals to become in charge of their own health. It is important to understand that medical education can impact the OTC drug use amongst medical students. In order to observe the pattern of OTC drug use among the first and second professional MBBS students we planned this study. The aim of the study was to evaluate use of over the counter (OTC) drugs among medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: Our study was a cross sectional study conducted on first and second professional MBBS students. Authors administered a self structured, prevalidated questionnaire to the students. The data obtained was tabulated, analyzed and the results calculated in percentages.Results: The use of OTC drugs is common amongst undergraduate students. All (100%) the students who participated in the study had used OTC drugs at some point in their life. The common conditions prompting use of OTC drugs include head ache, body aches (74%), fever (72%), respiratory conditions such as: cold (60%), cough (28.5%), abdominal symptoms such as: abdominal pain (14%), gastritis (7.5%), diarrhea (6%), vomiting (5%) and allergies (10%). Very few students reported adverse drug reactions with these drugs.Conclusions: From our study we have concluded that OTC drugs are commonly used amongst medical students. So, periodic training and talks on self medication are necessary for them. Student knowledge in this aspect will help them in future counseling of their patients.

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Drug use in acute otitis media: a prospective study at a tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20190141 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 240

Author(s):

Rushi N. Pandya ◽

Maulik M. Patel ◽

Varsha J. Patel

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Otitis Media ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Acute Otitis Media ◽

Fixed Dose ◽

Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital ◽

Care Teaching ◽

Use Pattern ◽

Drug Use Pattern

Background: Drug use study identifies the problems that arise from prescription and highlights the current approaches to the rational use of drugs. The objective of the study was to assess drug use pattern in patients diagnosed of acute otitis media in tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried in the Otorhinolaryngology department of a tertiary care teaching hospital over a period of twelve months. The data collected for patients with acute otitis media included the patient's demographic details and the drugs prescribed. Data were analysed for drug use pattern and cost per prescription and assessment of rationality of prescription.Results: Total 153 patients were analysed, 100 (65.35%) belonged to male patients and 53 (34.65%) belonged to female patients. Children less than 2years age were the most diagnosed with AOM 47.71%, the major diagnostic symptoms were earache (58.16%) and fever (54.90%) and signs were congestion (52.94%) and discharge (43.13%). In a total 153 prescriptions (469 drugs), 33.68% were antimicrobials, followed by mineral supplements (23.67%). Average number of drugs per prescription was found to be 3.0. Most common antibiotic prescribed was amoxicillin (with or without clavulanate) in 142 (92.81%) patients. Paracetamol alone or in fixed dose combination with antihistaminics were prescribed in 131 patients. Average cost per prescription was 87.74(±35.67) Indian rupees. Seventeen (11.11%) prescriptions were rational in all the aspects based on standard guidelines.Conclusions: The present study showed that paracetamol and amoxicillin with or without clavulanate were mostly commonly prescribed in children with AOM. Irrational prescribing was seen in maximum number of cases.

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