Out-of-plane seismic performance of plasterboard partition walls via quasi-static tests

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crescenzo Petrone ◽  
Gennaro Magliulo ◽  
Pauline Lopez ◽  
Gaetano Manfredi
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Nonstructural Components ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Static Test ◽  
Cyclic Behaviour ◽  
Testing Protocol ◽  
Partition Walls ◽  
Out Of Plane

Internal partitions, as many nonstructural components, should be subjected to a careful and rational seismic design, as is done for structural elements. A quasi-static test campaign aimed at the evaluation of the out-of-plane seismic performance of Siniat plasterboard internal partitions with steel studs was conducted according to FEMA 461 testing protocol. Four tall, i.e. 5 m high, specimens were selected from the range of internal partitions developed in Europe by Siniat, a leading supplier of plasterboard components in Europe. Under the specified testing protocol, a significant nonlinear pinched behaviour of the tested specimen was observed. The pinched behaviour was caused by the damage in the screwed connections, whose cyclic behaviour was strongly degrading. Both stiffness and strength of the specimens are significantly influenced by the board typology and the amount of screwed connections. Finally, it was concluded that Eurocodes significantly underestimate the resisting bending moment of the tested specimens.

Cyclic behaviour of materials

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
K J Miller
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Cyclic Hardening ◽  
Fatigue Behaviour ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Cyclic Softening ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Static Test ◽  
Cyclic Behaviour ◽  
Incremental Step

The effect of strain rate on the cyclic behaviour of two materials is presented. For the material that cyclically hardens (En 32B) a decrease in strain rate decreases the maximum cyclic hardening of the material, whilst for a material that cyclically softens (En 25) a decrease in the rate of deformation increases the maximum cyclic softening. It is concluded that the effect of strain rate on the cyclic stress-strain curve should be more closely studied than the effect of frequency since the frequency may be constant whilst the straining rate may vary considerably in plastically deformed zones. For those zones that suffer low strain rates the inclusion of time-dependent deformation processes can maximize the degree of softening or minimize the degree of hardening, thereby creating a greater localization of the plastic strain which should increase strain-concentration factors. Finally it is argued that it is better to predict fatigue behaviour from an incremental-step high-strain fatigue test on a single specimen than from static-test data. For the same reasons correlations between static tests and fatigue tests should be discouraged, especially for those materials that exhibit marked cyclic softening.

scholarly journals Post-Earthquake Reconnaissance of Unreinforced and Retrofitted Masonry Parapets

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 2377-2397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Giaretton ◽  
Dmytro Dizhur ◽  
Francesca da Porto ◽  
Jason M. Ingham
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Nonstructural Components ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Reported Study ◽  
Canterbury Earthquake Sequence ◽  
Using Data

Unrestrained unreinforced clay brick masonry (URM) parapets are freestanding wall elements found atop a large number of vintage URM buildings. Parapets are considered to be one of the most vulnerable nonstructural components that are prone to out-of-plane collapse when subjected to earthquake induced shaking. Using data collected during the earthquake reconnaissance efforts, 959 URM parapets were identify to be in existence in the Christchurch (New Zealand) area prior to 2010, with 60% (580) of them having collapsed during the 2010/2011 Canterbury earthquake sequence. Construction details and observed performance of both as-built and retrofitted parapets were documented. The reported study provides an inventory of observed parapet failure modes and a critical review of commonly encountered parapet retrofits and their respective seismic performance.

Preliminary Parametric Assessment of a Bolted Endplate Joint under Combined Axial Force and Cyclic Bending Moment

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 718-721
Author(s):  
Z.Y. Wang ◽  
Q.Y. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cyclic Behaviour ◽  
Joint Behaviour ◽  
Steel Joints

Problems regarding the combined axial force and bending moment for the behaviour of semi-rigid steel joints under service loading have been recognized in recent studies. As an extended research on the cyclic behaviour of a bolted endplate joint, this study is performed relating to the contribution of column axial force on the cyclic behaviour of the joint. Using finite element analysis, the deteriorations of the joint performance have been evaluated. The preliminary parametric study of the joint is conducted with the consideration of flexibility of the column flange. The column axial force was observed to significantly influence the joint behaviour when the bending of the column flange dominates the failure modes. The reductions of moment resistance predicted by numerical analysis have been compared with codified suggestions. Comments have been made for further consideration of the influence of column axial load in seismic design of bolted endplate joints.

Experimental study on seismic performance of suspended ceiling components

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Huanjun Jiang ◽  
Chen Wu ◽  
Zihui Xu ◽  
Zhiyuan Qin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Deformation Capacity ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Static Tests ◽  
Load Carrying

<p>Suspended ceiling systems (SCSs) experienced severe damage during strong earthquakes that occurred in recent years. The capacity of the ceiling component is a crucial factor affecting the seismic performance of SCS. Therefore, a series of static tests on suspended ceiling components under monotonic and cyclic loadings were carried out to investigate the seismic performance of the ceiling components. The ceiling components include main tee splices, cross tee latches and peripheral attachments. All specimens were tested under axial loading. Additionally, the static tests of cross tee latches subjected to shear and bending loadings were performed due to their seismic vulnerability. The failure pattern, load-carrying ability, deformation capacity and energy dissipation of the ceiling components are presented in detail in this study.</p>

Active Boundary Control of Elastic Cables

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalin F. Baicu ◽  
Christopher D. Rahn
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Control ◽  
Nonlinear Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Lyapunov Theory ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Boundary Force ◽  
Active Vibration ◽  
Natural Boundary Conditions ◽  
Modal Dynamics

Abstract Cables are lightweight structural elements used in a variety of engineering applications. This paper introduces an active boundary control approach that damps undesirable vibrations in a cable. Using Hamilton’s principle, the governing nonlinear partial differential equations for an elastic cable are derived, including the natural boundary conditions associated with boundary force control. Based on Lyapunov theory, passive and active vibration controllers are developed. A Galerkin approach generates the linearized, closed loop, modal dynamics equations for out-of-plane vibration. Simulations demonstrate the improved damping provided by the passive and active controllers.

scholarly journals Comparison of Induced Deflection and Forces in Piles Adjacent to Tunnelling and Deep Excavation in 2D and 3D Problems

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 04011
Author(s):  
Ong Yin Hoe ◽  
Hisham Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Bending Moment ◽  
Pile Group ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Deep Excavation ◽  
Pile Groups ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
National University ◽  
Plane Direction ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
2D Model

There is a trend in Malaysia and Singapore, engineers tend to model the effect of TBM tunneling or deep excavation to the adjacent piles in 2D model. In the 2D model, the pile is modelled using embedded row pile element which is a 1-D element. The user is allowed to input the pile spacing in out-of-plane direction. This gives an impression to engineers the embedded pile row element is able to model the pile which virtually is a 3D problem. It is reported by Sluis (2014) that the application of embedded pile row element is limited to 8D of pile length. It is also reported that the 2D model overestimates the axial load in pile and the shear force and bending moment at pile top and it is not realistic in comparison to 3D model. In this paper, the centrifuge results of single pile and 6-pile group - tunneling problem carried out in NUS (National University of Singapore) are back-analysed with Midas GTS 3D and a 2D program. In a separate case study, pile groups adjacent to a deep excavation is modelled by 3D and 2D program. This paper compares the deflection and forces in piles in 2D and 3D models.

Chain Out of Plane Bending (OPB) Fatigue Joint Industry Project (JIP) Static Test Program and OPB Interlink Stiffness

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucile Rampi ◽  
Fata Dewi ◽  
Michel Francois ◽  
Arnaud Gerthoffert ◽  
Pedro Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Small Time ◽  
Static Test ◽  
Fatigue Design ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Bending Stresses ◽  
Plane Bending ◽  
Mooring Chain ◽  
Fatigue Mechanism

In 2002, several mooring chains of a deepwater offloading buoy failed prematurely within a very small time frame. These chains were designed according to conventional offshore fatigue assessment using API recommendations. With this first deepwater buoy application, a new mooring chain fatigue mechanism was discovered. High pretension levels combined with significant mooring chain motions caused interlink rotations that generated significant Out of Plane Bending (OPB) fatigue loading. Traditionally, interlink rotations are relatively harmless and generate low bending stresses in the chain links. The intimate mating contact that occurs due to the plastic deformation during the proof loading and the high pretension of the more contemporary mooring designs have been identified as aggravating factors for this phenomenon. A Joint Industry Project (JIP), gathering 26 different companies, was started in 2007 to better understand the Out of Plane Bending (OPB) mooring chain fatigue mechanism and to propose mooring chain fatigue design recommendations. This paper summarizes the quasi static OPB stiffness measurement campaign and the post processing work to derive the OPB interlink stiffness.

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