scholarly journals Theoretical and experimental evaluation of timber-framed partitions under lateral drift

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Bhatta ◽  
Joshua Mulligan ◽  
Rajesh P. Dhakal ◽  
Timothy J. Sullivan ◽  
Hans Gerlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Performance ◽  
Initial Stiffness ◽  
Backbone Curve ◽  
Ultimate Shear Strength ◽  
Partition Wall ◽  
Drift Capacity ◽  
Partition Walls ◽  
Wall Specimen ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Buckling Failure

This paper identifies the inherent strengths/weaknesses of rigid timber-framed partitions and quantifies the onset drifts for different damage thresholds under bi-directional seismic actions. It reports construction and quasi-static lateral cyclic testing of a multi-winged timber-framed partition wall specimen with details typical of New Zealand construction practice. Furthermore, the cyclic performance of the tested rigid timber-framed partition wall is also compared with that of similar partition walls incorporating ‘partly-sliding’ connectiondetails, and ‘seismic gaps’, previously tested under the same test setup. Based on the experimentally recorded cyclic performance measures, theoretical equations proposed/derived in the literature to predict the ultimate strength, initial stiffness, and drift capacity of different damage states are scrutinized, and some equations are updated in order to alleviate identified possible shortcomings. These theoretical estimates are then validated with the experimental results. It is found that the equations can reasonably predict the initial stiffness and ultimate shear strength of the partitions, as well as the onset-driftscorresponding to the screw damage and diagonal buckling failure mode of the plasterboard. The predicted bi-linear curve is also found to approximate the backbone curve of the tested partition wall sensibly.

Development and Testing of a Friction/Sliding Connection to Improve the Seismic Performance of Gypsum Partition Walls

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 653-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Araya-Letelier ◽  
Eduardo Miranda ◽  
Gregory Deierlein
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Damage ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Partition Wall ◽  
Partition Walls ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Wall Specimen ◽  
Story Drift ◽  
Small Story ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Design Earthquake

Observed earthquake damage, laboratory tests, and loss analyses have shown gypsum partition walls to be susceptible to earthquake damage under small story drift ratios, which can result in large losses under design earthquake ground motions. To mitigate this risk, a new friction/sliding connection is proposed that can minimize or prevent damage to partition walls for story drift ratios of 1% or more. The proposed friction/sliding connection isolates the partition wall from the structure while providing sufficient resistance to support out-of-plane forces on the wall induced by inertial effects. Test results of three prototype connections and two full-scale wall partition specimens, with and without the friction connection detail, are summarized to demonstrate the improved performance that can be achieved with the proposed friction/sliding connection. Whereas the test of the conventional wall specimen began experiencing damage at 0.1 to 0.3% story drift ratio, the wall specimen with the connection could undergo drifts up to about 1.5% without any damage.

scholarly journals Cyclic Performance of Corrugated Steel Plate Shear Walls with Beam-Only-Connected Infill Plates

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Seyyed M. Ghodratian-Kashan ◽  
Shervin Maleki
Keyword(s):  
Steel Plate ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Hysteretic Behavior ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Cyclic Performance ◽  
Initial Stiffness ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Ultimate Shear Strength ◽  
Steel Plate Shear Walls

Lately, Corrugated Steel Plate Shear Walls (CSPSWs) have gained significance and reputation for being effective lateral force-resisting systems. Corrugated plates are characterized by greater out-of-plane stiffness and buckling stability than flat plates, ensuring their enhanced hysteretic behavior. In ordinary Steel Plate Shear Walls (SPSWs), infill plates are fixed to beams and columns. But, detaching the infill plate from columns and connecting it to the beams only is assumed here as a method for reducing column demands. The current study explores the cyclic performance of CSPSWs with beam-only-connected infill plates. The design of a one-story single-bay specimen was done and its finite element model was developed. Parametric studies have targeted CSPSWs with different geometric variables, including orientation, thickness, and aspect ratio of the infill plate. Noteworthy responses were ultimate strength, initial stiffness, energy dissipation capacity, and force-deformation relationship. The obtained results indicated that selecting the right geometrical parameters could yield a desirable cyclic performance. Finally, an analytical method was proposed for calculating the ultimate shear strength of beam-only-connected CSPSWs.

scholarly journals Macro-Modelling Approach for the In-Plane Cyclic Response of Cold-Formed Steel Partition Walls

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (22) ◽  
pp. 8163
Author(s):  
Dong-Hyeon Shin ◽  
Hyung-Joon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Damage Mechanism ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Partition Wall ◽  
Cyclic Response ◽  
Partition Walls ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Modelling Approach

Past earthquakes demonstrate that non-structural elements could be vulnerable to a relatively low intensity ground shaking which induces negligible structural damage. The study aims to improve previously developed macro-models of cold-formed steel (CFS) partition walls to properly capture their in-plane cyclic response and damage states of important components in a CFS partition wall under imposed excitation. An effective analytical modelling approach is adopted for a simple modelling procedure and less computational effort. The proposed analysis model of partition walls consisting of several lumped spring elements is verified using direct comparison with two full scale CFS partition wall tests. The analytical and experimental results are compared in terms of force–displacement relations, dissipated energy, and an influential damage mechanism of components consisting of partition walls. The comparison shows that the analytical model well captures the experimental response such as the overall strength and stiffness degradation and pinching behavior. Moreover, the damage mechanism predicted by the analytical model is in good agreement with that observed during the tests.

Shake table testing of bookcase – partition wall systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Filiatrault ◽  
Steven Kuan ◽  
Robert Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Companion Paper ◽  
Shake Table ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Shake Table Tests ◽  
Partition Wall ◽  
Partition Walls ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Nonstructural Building Components

This paper describes the seismic (shake table) tests conducted on bookcase – partition wall systems. These nonstructural building components can be considered acceleration sensitive (or motion sensitive) rather than drift sensitive. The shake table floor motions used for the seismic testing are described in a companion paper. One bookcase fully loaded with books and two different cantilevered partition wall systems were considered in the shake table tests. Nine different configurations of these free-standing nonstructural building components were tested. For each configuration, three different seismic hazard levels were considered for the motions at the second floor level of a six-storey building designed for two different densely populated Canadian cities (Montréal and Vancouver). A total of 485 shake table tests were conducted in this experimental investigation. The experimental results indicated that pounding between unanchored bookcases and partition walls is very beneficial to the dynamic response of the bookcases, as it prevents resonance from occurring. Also, the seismic performance of bookcases improved dramatically by the proper installation of seismic restraint systems. Experimental fragility curves for overturning of tall bookcases are presented.Key words: bookcases, earthquakes, fragility, interior partition walls, nonstructural, operational and functional components, pounding, seismic restraints, shake table.

scholarly journals Cyclic performance of exterior R.C beam-column strengthened with different thicknesses of CFRP sheets

2022 ◽  
Vol 961 (1) ◽  
pp. 012069
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kareem Hamzah ◽  
Raizal Saifulnaz M. Rashid ◽  
Farzad Hejazi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Plastic Hinge ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cyclic Performance ◽  
Concrete Compressive Strength ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Panel Zone ◽  
External Strengthening ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Hinge Zone

Abstract The recent ground motion results indicated that the RC buildings are required to be retrofitted by different strengthening techniques. Nowadays, the external strengthening gain interest since its easy, cost effective and not required redesign of buildings. The CFRP sheets are suitable solution and utilized by a number of researchers. However, the numerical cyclic performance of connection strengthened with different thicknesses of CFRP need to be well investigated. This study assessed the performance of RC exterior beam column connection strengthened with CFRP sheets First, two grades of concrete are utilized to be control specimens, normal concrete compressive strength (C20) and high concrete compressive strength (C50) then, the specimens are retrofitted with different thicknesses (1.2, 2.4, 3.6mm) of CFRP sheets. The stresses and damage states showed the importance of connection retrofitting. The CFRP shift the plastic hinge zone away from the panel zone. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that by increase of CFRP thickness the connection resistance will be improved. The comparison between the hysteresis curves demonstrated that the yield and ultimate loading were enhanced for strengthened connection for both concrete grades and the incremental in thicknesses also increase them. The outputs also exhibited that the stiffness and ductility has increased for retrofitted specimens indicating that the CFRP comprehensively overcome the applied cyclic loading and the beam column connection is able to resist such type of loading.

scholarly journals Impact of thermal renovation on selected characteristics of partition walls and the consumption of heat energy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Cieśliński ◽  
Urszula Malaga-Toboła
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Partition Wall ◽  
Central Heating ◽  
Partition Walls ◽  
Large Panel ◽  
Housing Cooperative ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Renovation of multi-family residentials, including mainly thermal renovation, which includes adding thermal insulation, contributes to the improvement of living conditions. Above all, it reduces the operating costs of renovated buildings by reducing the consumption of heat energy for central heating. This article discusses the impact of light wet thermal renovation on the temperature distribution in the vertical cross-section of the partition wall and the calculation value of the temperature on the inner surface of the partition wall, as well as on the reduction of thermal energy consumption in buildings. The subject of the research was residentials erected in the large-panel, large-block, and traditional technology between 1984 and 1994, managed by Łomża Housing Cooperative (ŁSM).

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Double Corrugated Steel Plate Shear Walls

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Ghodratian-Kashan ◽  
S. Maleki
Keyword(s):  
Steel Plate ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Hysteretic Behavior ◽  
Cyclic Performance ◽  
Initial Stiffness ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Steel Plate Shear Walls ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Corrugated Plates

Recently, corrugated steel plate shear walls have been shown to be an efficient lateral force resisting system for building structures. Corrugated plates have higher out-of-plane stiffness and improved buckling stability in comparison with flat plates which result in improved hysteretic behavior. However, the thickness of the corrugated plates may be limited due to the cold-form process restrictions. This paper investigates the cyclic performance of double corrugated steel plate shear walls. One-story single-bay specimen was designed and modelled and parametric studies were performed. The parametric study considered the orientation of corrugated plates (horizontal or vertical), disconnection of infill plates from columns, disconnection of infill plates from each other, infill plate thickness and infill plate aspect ratio on cyclic performance of double corrugated steel plate shear walls. The present study results show that proper selection of the aforementioned parameters can lead to a desirable cyclic performance. In the end, a recommendation for calculating initial stiffness and ultimate strength of double corrugated steel plate shear walls is given.

scholarly journals Seismic Fragility Assessment of Steel Liquid Storage Tanks

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Bakalis ◽  
Dimitrios Vamvatsikos ◽  
Michalis Fragiadakis
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fragility Curves ◽  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Assessment Procedure ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Damage State ◽  
Liquid Storage ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Buckling Failure

A seismic fragility assessment procedure is developed for atmospheric steel liquid storage tanks. Appropriate system and component-level damage states are defined by identifying the failure modes that may occur during a strong ground motion. Special attention is paid to the elephant’s foot buckling failure mode, where the estimation of the associated capacity and demand requires thorough consideration within a probabilistic framework. A novel damage state is introduced to existing procedures with respect to the uncontrollable loss of containment scenario. Fragility curves are estimated by introducing both aleatory and epistemic sources of uncertainty, thus providing a comprehensive methodology for the seismic risk assessment of liquid storage tanks. The importance of dynamic buckling is acknowledged and the issue of non-sequential damage states is finally revealed.

COMPARISON OF BUILDING EXISTING PARTITIONS THROUGH BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM)

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Reza Mohandes ◽  
Abdul Kadir Marsono ◽  
Hossein Omrany ◽  
Amir Faghirinejadfard ◽  
Amir Mahdiyar
Keyword(s):  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Partition Wall ◽  
Critical Elements ◽  
Partition Walls ◽  
Building Information

Partition walls are considered as one of the most crucial elements on interior space within the buildings. While a considerable amount of research has been carried out studying theses critical elements to be used on the interior space of the buildings, BIM has not been exploited so far in order to enhance the accuracy of work. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to compare three types of commonly used partition walls in terms of materials, time and cost needed to install each of them using BIM. To achieve the specified goal, a case study was chosen. The framework used in this study consists of modeling the installation steps of each partition wall based on the chosen case study using Revit Architecture and Autodesk Inventor. In order to calculate the materials, time and cost required, Naviswork Manage was employed and it was found that drywall could be considered as the most useful one to be installed on the interior space of the buildings in comparison to the other two types of partitions.  

scholarly journals Design parameter estimations for adjustable bubble size in bubble generating system

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tschung-il Kim ◽  
Hyunju Park ◽  
Mooyoung Han
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Bubble Size ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Partition Wall ◽  
Parameter Estimations ◽  
Water Treatment Process ◽  
Mixing Chamber ◽  
Partition Walls ◽  
Exact Size

Abstract In this study, we developed a customized low cost and low energy bubble generator that can control bubble size. Hence, it can be used not only in the water treatment process but also in various other processes. This device was able to generate bubbles with a very simple system using only a general pump and a mixing chamber. Increasing the number of partition walls in the mixing chamber reduced the bubble size. Furthermore, bubbles of a few hundred nanometers were produced by the shear stress caused by increasing the thickness of the partition wall. Although the generated sub-micron bubbles were too small for their exact size to be measured using an image analysis and particle counting method, it was possible to confirm their existence indirectly through the coalescence arising from ultrasonic irradiation. The device used in this research is simple and allows bubble size to be adjusted easily by controlling the design of the mixing chamber. Therefore, it can be applied to a water treatment process, as well as a variety of other processes.

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