scholarly journals Experience of Community Leaders in Taking off Pasung (Physical Restraint) for People with Mental Disorders in Southeast Sulawesi

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-176
Author(s):  
Abdul Patawari ◽  
Titin Andri Wihastuti ◽  
Nurul Muslihah
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Sampling Approach

Mental health problems in Indonesia are still severe, WHO SEARO data for 2017 said that Indonesia is ranked second after India, which is 9. 162. Eight hundred eighty-six patients or around 3.7% of the population. Mismanagement of health where there are still many people with mental disorders who experience mounting actions that require attention and involvement of all parties, including community leaders. The purpose of writing this research is to explore the experience of community leaders in carrying out pasung (physical restraint) on people with mental disorders in Southeast Sulawesi. The method that researchers use is qualitative research with a phenomenological interpretative. Participants, as many as 7 (seven) people and selected with a purposive sampling approach, were then analyzed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The results of the study found three themes, namely community and family stigma against ODGJ (people with a mental disorder), reasons for retention actions and challenges of community leaders in the release of pasung. The conclusion is that the process of releasing pasung cannot be separated from the experience of a figure in the community so that by involving them is expected to eliminate the act of retention in the community.

Tobacco smoking and mental disorders in Australian adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110096
Author(s):  
David Lawrence ◽  
Sarah E Johnson ◽  
Francis Mitrou ◽  
Sharon Lawn ◽  
Michael Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Current Tobacco

Objectives: This study aimed to (1) examine the strength of the association between mental disorders/mental health problems, risk behaviours and tobacco smoking among Australian adolescents, (2) compare rates of tobacco smoking among Australian adolescents with major depressive disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and/or conduct disorder in 2013/14 vs 1998, and (3) identify the extent to which an association between tobacco smoking and mental health problems among adolescents can be attributed to non-mental health risk factors. Methods: The study utilised data from the first (1998) and second (2013/14) child and adolescent components of the National Surveys of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Both surveys identified nationally representative samples of Australian young people aged 4–17 years, living in private dwellings. Information was collected from parents and 13- to 17-year-olds about mental disorders, mental health problems, risk behaviours and tobacco smoking. Results: In the 2013/14 survey, the rate of current tobacco smoking among those with a mental disorder was 20% compared to 5% in those without a mental disorder. Rates were highest for young people with conduct disorder (50%), major depressive disorder (24%) and anxiety disorders (19%). In 2013/14, 38% of current tobacco smokers had a mental disorder and 32% reported self-harm and/or suicidal ideation vs 10% and 5%, respectively, among adolescents who had never smoked. Females with mental disorders or reporting self-harm or suicidal ideation had higher rates of current smoking than males. Other significant factors associated with current smoking included school-related problems, binge eating and having had more than one sexual partner. Conclusion: While smoking rates in 13- to 17-year-olds with mental disorders had declined since 1998, the strength of the association between mental disorders and smoking had increased, especially among females. Our findings highlight the need to address the tobacco smoking among adolescents with mental disorders, particularly females.

scholarly journals Natural kinds of mental disorder

Synthese ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sander Werkhoven
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Natural Kinds ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Abnormal Behaviour ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
Socially Constructed

AbstractAre mental disorders (autism, ADHD, schizophrenia) natural kinds or socially constructed categories? What is at stake if either of these views prove to be true? This paper offers a qualified defence for the view that there may be natural kinds of mental disorder, but also that the implications of this claim are generally overestimated. Especially concerns about over-inclusiveness of diagnostic categories and medicalisation of abnormal behaviour are not addressed by the debate. To arrive at these conclusions the paper opens with a discussion of kind formation in science, followed by an analysis of natural kinds. Seven principled and empirically informed objections to the possibility of natural kinds of mental disorder are considered and rejected. The paper ends with a reflection on diagnostics of mental health problems that don’t fall into natural kinds. Despite the defence of the possibility of natural kinds of mental disorder, this is likely to be the majority of cases.

scholarly journals Economic burden of silent mental disorders: a case study of agnosia in schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar Chattu ◽  
Paula Mahon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Economic Output ◽  
The World

Mental health problems affect society as a whole, and not just a small, isolated segment. In developed countries with well-organized healthcare systems, between 44% and 70% of patients with mental disorders do not receive treatment whereas in developing countries the treatment gap being close to 90%. Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder affecting more than 21 million people worldwide. People with schizophrenia are 2-2.5 times more likely to die early than the general population. The case study highlights about agnosia in a schizophrenic patient in a primary care setting and how to address the management at a broader perspective using the appropriate antipsychotic medication and ensuring the support from a family without violating the human rights of the patient. The World Economic Forum estimated that the cumulative global impact of mental disorders in terms of lost economic output will amount to US$ 16 trillion over the next 20 years, equivalent to more than 1% of the global gross domestic product. Mental health should be a concern for all of us, rather than only for those who suffer from a mental disorder. The mental health action plan 2013-2020, endorsed by the World Health Assembly in 2013, highlights the steps required to provide appropriate services for people with mental disorders including schizophrenia. A key recommendation of the action plan is to shift services from institutions to the community. Mental health must be considered a focus of renewed investment not just in terms of human development and dignity but also in terms of social and economic development.

The scale of the problem

Psychiatry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca McKnight ◽  
Jonathan Price ◽  
John Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization

One in four individuals suffer from a psychiatric disorder at some point in their life, with 15– 20 per cent fitting cri­teria for a mental disorder at any given time. The latter corresponds to around 450 million people worldwide, placing mental disorders as one of the leading causes of global morbidity. Mental health problems represent five of the ten leading causes of disability worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported in mid 2016 that ‘the global cost of mental illness is £651 billion per year’, stating that the equivalent of 50 million working years was being lost annually due to mental disorders. The financial global impact is clearly vast, but on a smaller scale, the social and psychological impacts of having a mental dis­order on yourself or your family are greater still. It is often difficult for the general public and clin­icians outside psychiatry to think of mental health dis­orders as ‘diseases’ because it is harder to pinpoint a specific pathological cause for them. When confronted with this view, it is helpful to consider that most of medicine was actually founded on this basis. For ex­ample, although medicine has been a profession for the past 2500 years, it was only in the late 1980s that Helicobacter pylori was linked to gastric/ duodenal ul­cers and gastric carcinoma, or more recently still that the BRCA genes were found to be a cause of breast cancer. Still much of clinical medicine treats a patient’s symptoms rather than objective abnormalities. The WHO has given the following definition of mental health:… Mental health is defined as a state of well- being in which every individual realizes his or her own po­tential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.… This is a helpful definition, because it clearly defines a mental disorder as a condition that disrupts this state in any way, and sets clear goals of treatment for the clinician. It identifies the fact that a disruption of an individual’s mental health impacts negatively not only upon their enjoyment and ability to cope with life, but also upon that of the wider community.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Understanding of Mental Disorders in Families of People with Mental Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T2) ◽  
pp. 136-140
Author(s):  
Rosalina Sandi ◽  
Sudirman Nasir ◽  
Apik Indarty Moedjiono ◽  
Erniwati Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
The Family

BACKGROUND: Utilization barriers of mental health services are the lack of knowledge about mental health. AIM: This study aimed to identify the knowledge and understanding of the families of people with mental disorders about mental disorders. METHODS: This study is a qualitative research with phenomenological approach. Data were obtained by interview, unstructured observation, and documentation on seven informants in Puskesmas Larompong Luwu, South Sulawesi. Content analysis was used to identify topics or categories in the data. RESULTS: The family of people with mental disorders still has negative views about people with mental disorders. People with mental disorders are often called the term “lunatic,” insane, scary, and dangerous. In addition, people with mental disorders regarded as a person who has a disease that makes people uncomfortable because of behavior that is unnatural. Families have an understanding that the causes of mental disorders associated with the occult and mystical or supernatural events. The factors that cause families have minimal understanding of the appropriate handling for people with mental disorders. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the knowledge and understanding of mental disorder which is owned by the family of people with mental disorders as the holder of a healing role in supporting people with mental disorders are lacking.

scholarly journals CREATION OF COMPASSION" - FAMILY EXPERIENCE IN CARING FOR PATIENT WITH MENTAL DISORDERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nining Wuri Lestari ◽  
Setyawati Soeharto ◽  
Dwi Windarwati
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Family Experience ◽  
Family Experiences ◽  
The Family ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Caring for people with post-pasung (post seclusion and restraint of patient) mental disorders can provide special experience for families who act as caregivers. Objective: To explore family experiences in rehabilitating people with post-pasung mental disorders in Trenggalek Regency. Methods: This research is a qualitative research with an interpretive phenomenological approach. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews using semi-structured interview guidelines. Participants in this study were twelve in number who treated people with post-pasung mental disorders in Trenggalek Regency. Results: Analysis of data using IPA (Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis), found eight themes, namely having compassion for patients, having the responsibility of caring for patients, repaying the kindness of patients and others who have helped, having the hope that patients can recover, feel the need to supervise the independence of patients, realize the condition of mental patients, resigned to accept, thankful that the patient can improve and upset. Conclusion: Family is a determinant of the success of rehabilitation in people with post-pasung mental disorders. Family compassion and attention support the patient's recovery. The family hopes that the patient can recover and be independent in self-care, take medicine and work so that it does not depend on the family. This study produced eight themes and answered the research objectives.

scholarly journals Drug therapy for people with mental disorders in the view of nursing professionals

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Bonfim de Alcântara ◽  
Fernanda Carolina Capistrano ◽  
Juliana Czarnobay ◽  
Aline Cristina Zerwes Ferreira ◽  
Tatiana Brusamarello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Nursing Professionals

Abstract Objective: To identify the perception of nursing professionals about drug therapy for people with mental disorders. Methods: An exploratory qualitative research was carried out in four Psychosocial Care Centers of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Data, collected from January to March 2015 using an individual semi-structured interview applied to 56 nursing professionals, were submitted to qualitative data analysis and interpretation as proposed by Creswell. Results: The data were organized into three thematic categories: drug therapy improves the life of the person with a mental disorder; negative and positive consequences related to drug therapy; and drug therapy as one of the resources needed to treat mental health. Conclusion: Nursing staff perceive the importance of medications as a resource to treat people with mental disorders as psychotropic drugs minimize he acute symptoms of disorders and improve living conditions when associated with other therapeutic resources.

scholarly journals Influence of military component and deployment-related experiences on mental disorders among Canadian military personnel who deployed to Afghanistan: a cross-sectional survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e018735 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Boulos ◽  
Deniz Fikretoglu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Difference

ObjectiveThe primary objective was to explore differences in mental health problems (MHP) between serving Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) components (Regular Force (RegF); Reserve Force (ResF)) with an Afghanistan deployment and to assess the contribution of both component and deployment experiences to MHP using covariate-adjusted prevalence difference estimates. Additionally, mental health services use (MHSU) was descriptively assessed among those with a mental disorder.DesignData came from the 2013 CAF Mental Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey of serving personnel (n=72 629). Analyses were limited to those with an Afghanistan deployment (population n=35 311; sampled n=4854). Logistic regression compared MHP between RegF and ResF members. Covariate-adjusted prevalence differences were computed.Primary outcome measureThe primary outcomes were MHP, past-year mental disorders, identified using the WHO’s Composite International Diagnostic Interview, and past-year suicide ideation.ResultsResF personnel were less likely to be identified with a past-year anxiety disorder (adjusted OR (AOR)=0.72 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.90)), specifically both generalised anxiety disorder and panic disorder, but more likely to be identified with a past-year alcohol abuse disorder (AOR=1.63 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.58)). The magnitude of the covariate-adjusted disorder prevalence differences for component was highest for the any anxiety disorder outcome, 2.8% (95% CI 1.0 to 4.6); lower for ResF. All but one deployment-related experience variable had some association with MHP. The ‘ever felt responsible for the death of a Canadian or ally personnel’ experience had the strongest association with MHP; its estimated covariate-adjusted disorder prevalence difference was highest for the any (of the six measured) mental disorder outcome (11.2% (95% CI 6.6 to 15.9)). Additionally, ResF reported less past-year MHSU and more past-year civilian MHSU.ConclusionsPast-year MHP differences were identified between components. Our findings suggest that although deployment-related experiences were highly associated with MHP, these only partially accounted for MHP differences between components. Additional research is needed to further investigate MHSU differences between components.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document