scholarly journals Clinical validation of an audio-based uroflowmetry app in adult males

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Dawidek ◽  
Rohit Singla ◽  
Lucie Spooner ◽  
Louisa Ho ◽  
Christopher Nguan
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Curve Shape ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Temporal Variables ◽  
Office Environments ◽  
Urology Clinic

Introduction: Uroflowmetry is a common test to evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms. Audio-based uroflowmetry is a novel, alternative approach that determines urine flow by measuring sound. Available as a smartphone application, it has potential for screening and monitoring common urological pathologies, particularly in out-of-office environments. This study is the first to evaluate audio-based uroflowmetry in a clinical setting against the gold standard. Methods: Adult male patients (n=44) attending a general urology clinic were recruited. Audio-based uroflowmetry and conventional uroflowmetry were performed concurrently. Pearson correlation and Bland-Altman analysis were used to compare performance with respect to max flow, time to max flow, and total voiding time. Symmetric mean absolute percentage error (SMAPE) was used to compare curve shapes. Repeatability was evaluated separately in three healthy volunteers using repeat measures correlation. Results: Among urology clinic patients, the correlation for max flow was 0.12. Correlation for time to max flow was 0.46, with limits of agreement of -120–165%. Correlation for total voiding time was 0.91, with limits of agreement of -41–38%. The SMAPE for curve shape was 32.6%, with corresponding accuracy of 67.4%. Among healthy volunteers, the repeat measures correlation for max flow was 0.72. Conclusions: Audio-based uroflowmetry was inconsistent in evaluating flow rate, attributable to high variability and difficult standardization for acoustic signals. Performance improved with respect to temporal variables, as well as flow curve shape. Further work evaluating intra-patient reliability and pathology-specific performance is required to fully evaluate audio-based uroflowmetry as a screening or monitoring tool.

Spatial-temporal variables for swimming coaches: A comparison study between video and TritonWear sensor

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110137
Author(s):  
Robin Pla ◽  
Thibaut Ledanois ◽  
Escobar David Simbana ◽  
Anaël Aubry ◽  
Benjamin Tranchard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Stroke Index ◽  
Wearable Sensor ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Temporal Variables ◽  
Training Sets

The main aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and the reliability of a swimming sensor to assess swimming performance and spatial-temporal variables. Six international male open-water swimmers completed a protocol which consisted of two training sets: a 6×100m individual medley and a continuous 800 m set in freestyle. Swimmers were equipped with a wearable sensor, the TritonWear to collect automatically spatial-temporal variables: speed, lap time, stroke count (SC), stroke length (SL), stroke rate (SR), and stroke index (SI). Video recordings were added as a “gold-standard” and used to assess the validity and the reliability of the TritonWear sensor. The results show that the sensor provides accurate results in comparison with video recording measurements. A very high accuracy was observed for lap time with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) under 5% for each stroke (2.2, 3.2, 3.4, 4.1% for butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke and freestyle respectively) but high error ranges indicate a dependence on swimming technique. Stroke count accuracy was higher for symmetric strokes than for alternate strokes (MAPE: 0, 2.4, 7.1 & 4.9% for butterfly, breaststroke, backstroke & freestyle respectively). The other variables (SL, SR & SI) derived from the SC and the lap time also show good accuracy in all strokes. The wearable sensor provides an accurate real time feedback of spatial-temporal variables in six international open-water swimmers during classical training sets (at low to moderate intensities), which could be a useful tool for coaches, allowing them to monitor training load with no effort.

scholarly journals Modelling Pedestrian Crossing Behaviour at a Midblock Section

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Yugendar Poojari ◽  
E. Prashanth ◽  
D. Divya ◽  
M. Kalyani
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Commercial Vehicles ◽  
Shortest Route ◽  
Type Pattern ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

Abstract In general, pedestrians want to cross a road at a mid-block section instead of intersections because it is the shortest route. According to an Indian scenario, most of the crosswalks in urban areas are not signalised and controlled. In this study, the crossing behaviour of pedestrians in terms of speed at a midblock section was studied by considering several parameters. Statistical tests such as ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests were performed in order to know the effect of parameters on the crossing speed of a pedestrian. The pedestrian’s age and gender, crossing type, pattern, time, number of stops, number of two wheelers, three wheelers, light and heavy commercial vehicles, and groups significantly affect their crossing speed. A multiple linear regression model was developed by considering the most significant parameters. The mean absolute percentage error, root mean square error, and R2 values were calculated to validate the models.

scholarly journals Hand grip strength determination for healthy males in Saudi Arabia: A study of the relationship with age, body mass index, hand length and forearm circumference using a hand-held dynamometer

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 540-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid A Alahmari ◽  
S. Paul Silvian ◽  
Ravi Shankar Reddy ◽  
Venkata Nagaraj Kakaraparthi ◽  
Irshad Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Hand Length ◽  
Healthy Males

Objectives To determine whether age, body mass index (BMI), hand length and forearm circumference were predictive of hand grip strength in healthy Saudi Arabian adult males. Methods This cross-sectional descriptive study recruited healthy adult male volunteers. Their anthropometric characteristics including age, BMI, hand length and forearm circumference were measured using routine techniques. Hand grip strength was assessed using a Jamar® Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer. The data were analysed using Pearson correlation coefficient ( r) as well as by a stepwise multiple linear regression analysis. Results The study included 116 healthy males who satisfied the inclusion criteria. A Pearson correlation coefficient matrix demonstrated that all the four measures, age, BMI, hand length and forearm circumference, were significantly correlated with hand grip strength. Age had an inverse correlation with hand grip strength. The anthropometric measures of hand length, age and forearm circumference accounted for 44.2% (R2 0.442) of the variation of the hand grip strength. Conclusion Hand length, age and forearm circumference significantly impacted on hand grip strength in Saudi Arabian healthy adult males.

P274 Three-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a new surrogate for ambulatory blood pressure assessment in the pakistani population

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Shahab ◽  
H Khan ◽  
M Tufail ◽  
A Almas ◽  
A H Khan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Blood Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Pressure Monitoring ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Blood Pressure Study

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Aga Khan University Faculty of Health Sciences Research Committee (#80096) On Behalf PC BP (Post Clinic Blood Pressure) Study Group Background The gold standard Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) eliminates white coat effect. However, it is expensive and 24 hours long, making it cumbersome. Prior studies in other populations have investigated the utility of shorter intervals in which ABPM can be used to get the same results as 24-hour ABPM. Purpose Our objective was to determine if 3-hour ABPM correlates with 24-hour ABPM in the Pakistani population. Methods A cross-sectional study, involving 150 participants as part of the PC ABP (post clinic ambulatory blood pressure) study, was conducted in the cardiology clinics, starting 2015. Participants ≥18years of age and were either hypertensive or referred for assessment of hypertension were included. Pregnant females were excluded. Blood pressure (BP) readings were taken with an ambulatory BP monitor over a 24 hour period, every half hour during daytime and every hour during nighttime. After excluding the first hour called the white-coat window, the mean of the first 6 systolic readings taken every half hour during the daytime was calculated and was called systolic 3-hour ABPM. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated and Bland Altman plots were constructed to determine the correlation and limits of agreement between mean systolic 3-hour ABPM and mean daytime ABPM. Results Of 150 participants, 49% were male.  Of all participants, 76% were hypertensive. Mean age of the participants was 60.3 ± 11.9 years. Mean systolic 3-hour ABPM was 135.0 ± 16mmHg. Mean systolic daytime ABPM was 134.7 ± 15mmHg respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient between mean systolic 3-hour ABPM and mean systolic daytime ABPM was 0.85 (p-value of <0.001). The difference between systolic 3-hour ABPM and systolic daytime ABPM was 0.3mmHg (95% Confidence Interval -1.1 to 1.7mmHg). The limits of agreement were 18mmHg to -17mmHg for systolic 3-hour ABPM and systolic daytime ABPM. Conclusion Three-hour ABPM correlates well with 24-hour gold standard ABPM in the Pakistani population. We suggest using this shortened study for the assessment of hypertension where a full ABPM cannot be conducted due to expense or logistic reasons, thus saving time and upfront cost.

S100B Serum Level is Independent of Moderate Alcohol Intoxication

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 (02) ◽  
pp. 201-207
Author(s):  
Laura Emine Stollhof ◽  
Udo Obertacke ◽  
David Eschmann ◽  
Sandra Proba ◽  
Miriam Bühler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Drinking Alcohol ◽  
Serum S100b

Abstract Objective In Germany, among patients with minor head injury (MHI), the incidence of coexisting alcohol intoxication is indicated up to 50%. The neurological symptoms of patients with MHI may be caused or altered by alcohol intoxication, this could mislead to further, potential harmful, diagnostic steps or to misinterpretation of the symptoms and to non-execution of necessary treatments. In order to decide which patients need further diagnostics by CCT, S100B has been proposed as a potential selection criterion. On the other hand, studies have hypothesized that alcohol intoxication may lead to elevated S100B serum levels. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the relationship between the blood ethyl alcohol concentration and the S100B serum concentration in an experimental setting in young human adult volunteers. Methods In a cohort of 58 healthy volunteers, serum S100B concentration and blood ethyl alcohol concentration were measured before and after liberately drinking alcohol. The study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty Mannheim (Ethics Committee II, AZ 2012-272 N-MA). Instantaneous analysis of the samples was carried out using state-of-the art automated measuring systems. (Analyzer Cobas e411, Roche and Analyzer Dimension Vista 1500, Siemens). Results After drinking, alcohol levels ranged from 0,23 to 1,92 g/l. The S100B value ranged from to 0,021 to 0,115 µg/l after alcohol consumption (S100B standard value < 0,11 µg/l). By calculating the Pearson correlation of empirical correlation after drinking alcohol with r = 0.01181, a correlation between serum S100B concentration and ethyl alcohol concentration is not probable. The S100B concentrations were independent on the alcohol intake in low to medium alcohol levels. Conclusion A relevant alcohol blood concentration (~ 1 g/l), in otherwise healthy volunteers, does not affect the serum concentration of S100B. S100B may be a useful brain injury marker in low to moderate drunken patients.

scholarly journals Using smartphone app collected data to explore the link between mechanization and intra-household allocation of time in Zambia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Daum ◽  
Filippo Capezzone ◽  
Regina Birner
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Compositional Data ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Compositional Data Analysis ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Allocation Of Time ◽  
Household Allocation

Abstract Digital tools may help to study socioeconomic aspects of agricultural development that are difficult to measure such as the effects of new policies and technologies on the intra-household allocation of time. As farm technologies target different crops and tasks, they can affect the time-use of men, women, boys, and girls differently. Development strategies that overlook such effects can have negative consequences for vulnerable household members. In this paper, the time-use patterns associated with different levels of agricultural mechanization during land preparation in smallholder farming households in Zambia were investigated. A novel data collection method was used: a pictorial smartphone application that allows real-time recording of time-use, which eliminates recall bias. Existing studies analyzing the intra-household allocation of resources often focus on adult males and females. This study paid particular attention to boys and girls as well as adults. The study addressed seasonal variations. Compositional data analysis was used to account for the co-dependence and sum constraint of time-use data. The study suggests a strong gender differentiation for land preparation activities among mechanized households; for households using manual labor, such differentiation was not found. There is some evidence that the surplus time associated with mechanization is used for off-farm and domestic work. The study cannot confirm concerns about negative second-round effects: mechanized land preparation is not associated with a higher workload for women and children during weeding and harvesting/processing. The study provides a proof-of-concept that smartphone applications can be used to collect socioeconomic data that are difficult to measure but of high relevance.

scholarly journals Using the Mercy Method for Weight Estimation in Indian Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 2333794X1456662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gitanjali Batmanabane ◽  
Pradeep Kumar Jena ◽  
Roshan Dikshit ◽  
Susan Abdel-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Estimation Strategy

This study was designed to compare the performance of a new weight estimation strategy (Mercy Method) with 12 existing weight estimation methods (APLS, Best Guess, Broselow, Leffler, Luscombe-Owens, Nelson, Shann, Theron, Traub-Johnson, Traub-Kichen) in children from India. Otherwise healthy children, 2 months to 16 years, were enrolled and weight, height, humeral length (HL), and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were obtained by trained raters. Weight estimation was performed as described for each method. Predicted weights were regressed against actual weights and the slope, intercept, and Pearson correlation coefficient estimated. Agreement between estimated weight and actual weight was determined using Bland–Altman plots with log-transformation. Predictive performance of each method was assessed using mean error (ME), mean percentage error (MPE), and root mean square error (RMSE). Three hundred seventy-five children (7.5 ± 4.3 years, 22.1 ± 12.3 kg, 116.2 ± 26.3 cm) participated in this study. The Mercy Method (MM) offered the best correlation between actual and estimated weight when compared with the other methods ( r2 = .967 vs .517-.844). The MM also demonstrated the lowest ME, MPE, and RMSE. Finally, the MM estimated weight within 20% of actual for nearly all children (96%) as opposed to the other methods for which these values ranged from 14% to 63%. The MM performed extremely well in Indian children with performance characteristics comparable to those observed for US children in whom the method was developed. It appears that the MM can be used in Indian children without modification, extending the utility of this weight estimation strategy beyond Western populations.

scholarly journals Effect of Abstinence Time on Semen Parameters among Male Patients Referring to Urology Clinic

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Farshad Sheybaee Moghaddam ◽  
Hojjat Hosseini ◽  
Sassan Mohammadi ◽  
Mozhdeh Amirahmadi ◽  
Mehrshad Salar Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Sperm Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Urology Clinic

Introduction: Premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most common disorders in sexual intercourses among men and may occur for any man in any period of his life. PE results in some mental disorders such as anxiety, depression and marital disaffection and can have psychological impacts. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of the abstinence time on the semen analysis parameters among men. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on a statistical population including 100 male patients referring to the urology clinic in Ali-Ibn-Abitaleb Hospital. Once included in the study, these individuals are divided into three groups with short-term abstinence (less than 2 days), mid-term abstinence (2-9 days), and long-term abstinence (more than 9 days). The patients, depending on the group to which they belonged, were asked to deliver their semen at the specified time to the laboratory in less than an hour. The obtained data were statistically analyzed in SPSS-22 software. Findings: The results of Pearson correlation and Spearman tests indicated a direct positive relationship between the abstinence time and the total number of sperms in the seminal fluid, concentration of the sperms in the seminal fluid, volume of the seminal fluid, sperm DNA fragmentation, reactive oxygen species in the seminal fluid, and pH of the seminal fluid.accordingly, the longer the abstinence time, the more the occurrence of these disorders. Also, the correlation test results showed that the abstinence time had an inverse relationship with motility and morphology of the sperms in the seminal fluid; accordingly, with elongation of the abstinence time, the motility (mobility) and morphology of the sperms in the seminal fluid were reduced. Conclusion: The researchers in the present work concluded the presence of a relationship between the abstinence time and the quality of the sperm parameters. Results of the present study showed that the abstinence time is significantly associated with the total sperm count, sperm concentration seminal fluid volume and pH.

scholarly journals Indonesia Democracy Index (IDI) Forecasting in 2019 using Moving Average and Correlation Between IDI's Aspect Using Pearson Correlation Coefficient

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Faisal Rahutomo ◽  
Dimas Rossiawan Hendra Putra ◽  
M Bisri Musthofa ◽  
Ngat Mari
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Civil Liberties ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Democratic Institutions ◽  
Average Percentage

<p class="Abstract"><em>Abstract</em>—This experiment aims to analyze the forecasting of the Indonesian Democracy Index (IDI) in 2019, which uses each province data by the Moving Average method. The parameters used in this experiment refer to data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2009-2018. The level of achievement of IDI is measured based on the development and implementation of 3 aspects, 11 variables, and 28 indicators. Experiment purposes to find the average percentage of absolute error MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) for each province and looks for correlations between the three main aspects of forming IDI namely civil liberties, political rights, and democratic institutions. IDI Indonesia's forecasting results in 2019 the IDI has an average value of 68.28 with a MAPE of 4.78%. The results of the correlation between the three aspects of forming the IDI using the Pearson correlation coefficient resulted in the aspect of civil liberties having no correlation with aspects of political rights or aspects of democratic institutions with Pearson values of -0.05 and -0.19. Whereas aspects of political rights correlate with democratic institutions with Pearson's value of 0.48.<em></em></p>Keywords—Forecasting, Indonesian Democracy Index, Moving Average. Pearson Correlation Coefficient

scholarly journals ‘My Meal Mate’ (MMM): validation of the diet measures captured on a smartphone application to facilitate weight loss

2012 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Carter ◽  
V. J. Burley ◽  
C. Nykjaer ◽  
J. E. Cade
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Dietary Assessment ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Nutritional Epidemiology ◽  
Altman Analysis ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Bland Altman Analysis ◽  
Individual Level

Accurate dietary assessment is an essential foundation of research in nutritional epidemiology. Due to the weaknesses in current methodology, attention is turning to strategies that automate the dietary assessment process to improve accuracy and reduce the costs and burden to participants and researchers. ‘My Meal Mate’ (MMM) is a smartphone application designed to support weight loss. The present study aimed to validate the diet measures recorded on MMM against a reference measure of 24 h dietary recalls. A sample of fifty volunteers recorded their food and drink intake on MMM for 7 d. During this period, they were contacted twice at random to conduct 24 h telephone recalls. Daily totals for energy (kJ) and macronutrients recorded on MMM were compared against the corresponding day of recall using t tests for group means and Pearson's correlations. Bland–Altman analysis was used to assess the agreement between the methods. Energy (kJ) recorded on MMM correlated well with the recalls (day 1: r 0·77 (95 % CI 0·62, 0·86), day 2: r 0·85 (95 % CI 0·74, 0·91)) and had a small mean difference (day 1 (MMM −  recall): − 68 kJ/d (95 % CI − 553, 418 kJ) ( − 16 kcal/d, 95 % CI − 127, 100 kcal); day 2 (MMM −  recall): − 441 kJ/d (95 % CI − 854, − 29 kJ) ( − 105 kcal/d, 95 % CI − 204, − 7 kcal)). Bland–Altman analysis showed wide limits of agreement between the methods: − 3378 to 3243 kJ/d ( − 807 to 775 kcal/d) on day 1. At the individual level, the limits of agreement between MMM and the 24 h recall were wide; however, at the group level, MMM appears to have potential as a dietary assessment tool.

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