scholarly journals Memory and Memories: An Interdisciplinary Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Amalia Calinescu
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Mental Phenomenon ◽  
Integrative Study ◽  
Autonoetic Consciousness ◽  
Neurological Processes ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Pathological Case

Only humans seem to have the ability to project themselves into their past or future. This mental phenomenon, called autonoetic consciousness, proves the interrelation of memory, imagination, emotion, intelligence and consciousness as a way of creating self-images. The current paper constitutes an integrative study on memory from a theoretical perspective. The first part presents the most known neuroscientific viewpoints on the memory process, along with the pathological case of patient HM, who lost his memory following the removal of his hippocampus. The second part provides a humanistic perspective on recollection to demonstrate its compatibility with the neurological processes of storing information and forming memories. The final part conveys the phenomenon of recollection from the perspective of identity crisis in Kazuo Ishiguro’s novels, as a case study in memory literature. According to memory theories to date, identity cannot exist outside the process of recording and recalling past experiences. Despite the fallible nature of recollection, human beings return to their past in order to give a healthy meaning to their present.

scholarly journals Plantar load transfer in children: a descriptive study with two pathological case studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis Brierty ◽  
Christopher P. Carty ◽  
Claudia Giacomozzi ◽  
Teresa Phillips ◽  
Henry P. J. Walsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Load Transfer ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Transfer Phase ◽  
Gait Symmetry ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
Gait Asymmetry ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
Pathological Case

Abstract Background Typical gait is often considered to be highly symmetrical, with gait asymmetries typically associated with pathological gait. Whilst gait symmetry is often expressed in symmetry ratios, measures of symmetry do not provide insight into how these asymmetries affect gait variables. To fully understand changes caused by gait asymmetry, we must first develop a normative database for comparison. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe normative reference values of regional plantar load and present comparisons with two pathological case studies. Methods A descriptive study of the load transfer of plantar pressures in typically developed children was conducted to develop a baseline for comparison of the effects of gait asymmetry in paediatric clinical populations. Plantar load and 3D kinematic data was collected for 17 typically developed participants with a mean age of 9.4 ± 4.0 years. Two case studies were also included; a 10-year-old male with clubfoot and an 8-year-old female with a flatfoot deformity. Data was analysed using a kinematics-pressure integration technique for anatomical masking into 5 regions of interest; medial and lateral forefoot, midfoot, and medial and lateral hindfoot. Results Clear differences between the two case studies and the typical dataset were seen for the load transfer phase of gait. For case study one, lateral bias was seen in the forefoot of the trailing foot across all variables, as well as increases in contact area, force and mean pressure in the lateral hindfoot of the leading foot. For case study two, the forefoot of the trailing foot produced results very similar to the typical dataset across all variables. In the hindfoot of the leading foot, medial bias presents most notably in the force and mean pressure graphs. Conclusions This study highlights the clinical significance of the load transfer phase of gait, providing meaningful information for intervention planning.

scholarly journals A Qualitative Case Study on Influencing Factors of Parents’ Child Abuse of North Korean Refugees in South Korea

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Wonjung Ryu ◽  
Hyerin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
North Korean Refugees ◽  
Korean Parents ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Maternal Parenting Stress ◽  
Past Experiences

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influencing factors of parental child abuse by North Korean refugees who are living in South Korea. In-depth interviews were conducted with five parents who escaped from North Korea. The study identified three categories of factors impacting child abuse: the weakening of family functions from past experiences before and after defection, the stress of adapting to the culture of an unfamiliar society, and low parenting self-efficacy. North Korean parents suffered from emotional and functional crises from past traumatic events and, at the same time, experienced additional acculturative stress as a “minority” after entering South Korea, even as they continued to deal with Maternal Parenting Stress. These complex factors have been shown to lead to child abuse in migrant societies. This study contemplated the context of child abuse through specific examples. The results could provide thoughtful insights into child abuse among migrants and refugee parents, and provide evidence-based intervention plans for its prevention.

Concurrent Engineering Assessment: A Proposed Framework

1996 ◽  
Vol 210 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Poolton ◽  
I Barclay
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Concurrent Engineering ◽  
Research Study ◽  
New Product ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Depth Interviews

There are few studies that have found an adequate means of assessing firms based on their specific needs for a concurrent engineering (CE) approach. Managers interested in introducing CE have little choice but to rely on their past experiences of introducing change. Using data gleaned from a nine month case study, a British-wide survey and a series of in-depth interviews, this paper summarizes the findings of a research study that examines how firms orientate themselves towards change and how they go about introducing CE to their operations. The data show that there are many benefits to introducing CE and that firms differ with respect to their needs for the CE approach. A tentative means to assess CE ‘needs’ is proposed which is based on the level of complexity of goods produced by firms. The method is currently being developed and extended to provide an applications-based framework to assist firms to improve their new product development performance.

scholarly journals Carnavalesk taalgebruik en de constructie van lokale identiteiten

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie M.E.A. Cornips ◽  
Vincent de Rooij ◽  
Irene Stengs
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Southern Netherlands ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

This article aims to encourage the interdisciplinary study of ‘languaculture,’ an approach to language and culture in which ideology, linguistic and cultural forms, as well as praxis are studied in relation to one another. An integrated analysis of the selection of linguistic and cultural elements provides insight into how these choices arise from internalized norms and values, and how people position themselves toward received categories and hegemonic ideologies. An interdisciplinary approach will stimulate a rethinking of established concepts and methods of research. It will also lead to a mutual strengthening of linguistic, sociolinguistic, and anthropological research. This contribution focuses on Limburg and the linguistic political context of this Southern-Netherlands region where people are strongly aware of their linguistic distinctiveness. The argument of the paper is based on a case study of languaculture, viz. the carnivalesque song ‘Naar Talia’ (To Italy) by the Getske Boys from the city of Heerlen.

Common Sense Propositions

Philosophy ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 48 (186) ◽  
pp. 363-379
Author(s):  
A. C. Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Common Sense ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Physical Object ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Know How ◽  
Justified Belief ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Right ◽  
Past Experiences

Philosophers have not been sceptical only about metaphysics or religious beliefs. There are a great number of other beliefs generally held which they have had at least as much difficulty in justifying, and in the present article I ask questions as to the right philosophical attitude to these beliefs in cases where to our everyday thought they seem so obvious as to be a matter of the most ordinary common sense. A vast number of propositions go beyond what is merely empirical and cannot be seen to be logically necessary but are still believed by everybody in their daily life. Into this class fall propositions about physical things, other human minds and even propositions about one's own past experiences based on memory, for we are not now ‘observing’ our past. The phenomenalist does not escape the difficulty about physical things, for he reduces physical object propositions, in so far as true, not merely to propositions about his own actual experience but to propositions about the experiences of other human beings in general under certain conditions, and he cannot either observe or logically prove what the experiences of other people are or what even his own would be under conditions which have not yet been fulfilled. What is the philosopher to say about such propositions? Even Moore, who insisted so strongly that we knew them, admitted that we did not know how we knew them. The claim which a religious man makes to a justified belief that is neither a matter of purely empirical perception nor formally provable is indeed by no means peculiar to the religious. It is made de facto by everybody in his senses, whether or not he realizes that he is doing so. There is indeed a difference: while everyone believes in the existence of other human beings and in the possibility of making some probable predictions about the future from the past, not everybody holds religious beliefs, and although this does not necessarily invalidate the claim it obviously weakens it.

scholarly journals Identifying Privacy Related Requirements for the Design of Self-Adaptive Privacy Protections Schemes in Social Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Angeliki Kitsiou ◽  
Eleni Tzortzaki ◽  
Christos Kalloniatis ◽  
Stefanos Gritzalis
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Technological Context ◽  
Privacy Risks ◽  
Self Adaptive

Social Networks (SNs) bring new types of privacy risks threats for users; which developers should be aware of when designing respective services. Aiming at safeguarding users’ privacy more effectively within SNs, self-adaptive privacy preserving schemes have been developed, considered the importance of users’ social and technological context and specific privacy criteria that should be satisfied. However, under the current self-adaptive privacy approaches, the examination of users’ social landscape interrelated with their privacy perceptions and practices, is not thoroughly considered, especially as far as users’ social attributes concern. This study, aimed at elaborating this examination in depth, in order as to identify the users’ social characteristics and privacy perceptions that can affect self-adaptive privacy design, as well as to indicate self-adaptive privacy related requirements that should be satisfied for users’ protection in SNs. The study was based on an interdisciplinary research instrument, adopting constructs and metrics from both sociological and privacy literature. The results of the survey lead to a pilot taxonomic analysis for self-adaptive privacy within SNs and to the proposal of specific privacy related requirements that should be considered for this domain. For further establishing of our interdisciplinary approach, a case study scenario was formulated, which underlines the importance of the identified self-adaptive privacy related requirements. In this regard, the study provides further insight for the development of the behavioral models that will enhance the optimal design of self-adaptive privacy preserving schemes in SNs, as well as designers to support the principle of PbD from a technical perspective.

Compassion Fatigue: A Nurse’s Primer

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Lombardo ◽  
Caryl Eyre
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Compassion Fatigue ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Workplace Environment

Most nurses enter the field of nursing with the intent to help others and provide empathetic care for patients with critical physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual needs. Empathic and caring nurses, however, can become victims of the continuing stress of meeting the often overwhelming needs of patients and their families, resulting in compassion fatigue. Compassion fatigue affects not only the nurse in terms of job satisfaction and emotional and physical health, but also the workplace environment by decreasing productivity and increasing turnover. We begin this article with a case study of a reactive nurse who did not seek help for her continuing stress. This is followed by a review of Watson’s theoretical perspective related to compassion fatigue. Next we delineate symptoms of, and describe interventions for addressing compassion fatigue. We conclude by presenting a case study of a proactive nurse who avoided developing compassion fatigue and a discussion of future research needed to better prevent and ameliorate compassion fatigue.

Sports Journalism: Self-Censorship, Ethics and Lived Experience in the Digital Era.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tom Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Digital Media ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Homogeneous Sample ◽  
Sports Journalism ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Qualitative Approaches

This thesis examines the major ethical issues experienced by UK sports journalists in the course of their practice in the modern digital media landscape, with a particular focus on selfcensorship. In tandem, it captures the lived professional experience of sports journalists in the digital era. My own professional experience is considered alongside the experiences of interviewees and diary-keepers. Initially, an exploratory case study of the work of investigative journalist David Walsh is used to highlight key ethical issues affecting sports journalism. A Kantian deontological theoretical perspective is articulated and developed. Qualitative approaches, specifically Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and autoethnography, are then used to provide an original analysis of the research objectives, enhanced by philosophical analysis. Ten in-depth, semi-structured interviews are conducted with a homogeneous sample of UK sports journalists, while diaries kept by three different journalists provide another seam of data. Reflective logs of my own work as a sports journalist provide the basis for autoethnographic data. The main log runs for two-and-half years (2016- 19) with a separate additional log covering the 2019 Rugby World Cup in Japan. The semistructured interviews, diaries, autoethnography and case study are synthesized. The thesis explores how social media has introduced a host of ethical issues for sports journalists, not least the handling of abuse directed at them. Social media emerges as a double-edged sword. One of its most positive functions is to raise the standard of some journalists’ output due to the greater scrutiny that reporters feel they are under in the digital era, but at its worst it can be a platform for grotesque distortion and for corrupting sports journalists’ decision-making processes. Self-censorship of both facts and opinions emerges as a pervasive factor in sports journalism, a phenomenon that has been intensified by the advent of social media. Sports journalists show low engagement with codes of conduct, with the research suggesting that participants are on occasion more readily influenced by self-policing dynamics. This project captures vividly sports journalists’ personal involvement and emotional investment in their work, and reconsiders the ‘toy department’-versus-watchdog classification of sports journalists. The thesis concludes with recommendations for industry, including the introduction of formal support for sports journalists affected by online abuse.

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