scholarly journals Anthophyllite Asbestos: The Role of Fiber Width in Mesothelioma Induction Part 1: Epidemiological Studies of Finnish Anthophyllite Asbestos

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Edward B. Ilgren ◽  
John A. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fibre Width ◽  
Mineral Fibre ◽  
Amphibole Asbestos ◽  
The One

Anthophyllite asbestos only occurs in a few parts of the world in sufficient quantities to be mined. The largest deposits of anthophyllite asbestos occur in Finland where it was mined for more than 75 years and very extensively used and distributed, anciently, for more than six millennia. Anthophyllite is one of the five minerals known collectively as amphibole asbestos. Studies of the effect of these five mineral fibre types when inhaled have shown that fibre width is an important determinant of mesothelioma induction. Only the “thinner” fibres or those with fiber diameter dimensional profiles predominantly less than 0.25 – 0.30 µm, are clearly mesotheliogenic. The “thicker” ones or those whose predominant widths are greater than these diameters do not appear to show an observable attendant risk of mesothelioma. Observations based on studies of at least, two “thick” forms of amphibole asbestos support these hypotheses. The one is Bolivian crocidolite; the other Finnish anthophyllite. The Finnish anthophyllite industry presents an important opportunity to study the robustness of the theory that fibre width is key to mesothelioma genesis as vast numbers of people in all sectors of the Finnish industry and their families have historically incurred massive fiber exposures sufficient to cause a gross excess of asbestosis. Nonetheless, in spite of these long term, high dose exposures clear evidence for a mesothelioma risk due to anthophyllite asbestos is still lacking.

scholarly journals Solidarity with disabled people in times of crisis: A comparative analysis of Italy and the UK

2021 ◽  
pp. 026858092199450
Author(s):  
Nicola Maggini ◽  
Tom Montgomery ◽  
Simone Baglioni
Keyword(s):  
Social Trust ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Social Embeddedness ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Religious Piety ◽  
Active Nature ◽  
The One ◽  
The Uk

Against the background of crisis and cuts, citizens can express solidarity with groups in various ways. Using novel survey data this article explores the attitudes and behaviours of citizens in their expressions of solidarity with disabled people and in doing so illuminates the differences and similarities across two European contexts: Italy and the UK. The findings reveal pools of solidarity with disabled people across both countries that have on the one hand similar foundations such as the social embeddedness and social trust of citizens, while on the other hand contain some differences, such as the more direct and active nature of solidarity in Italy compared to the UK and the role of religiosity as an important determinant, particularly in Italy. Across both countries the role of ‘deservingness’ was key to understanding solidarity, and the study’s conclusions raise questions about a solidarity embedded by a degree of paternalism and even religious piety.

Neurofilament phosphorylation

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 575-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish C. Pant ◽  
Veeranna
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Neurofilament Proteins ◽  
Neurofilament Phosphorylation ◽  
Axonal Compartment

Neurofilament proteins (NFPs) are highly phosphorylated molecules in the axonal compartment of the adult nervous system. The phosphorylation of NFP is considered an important determinant of filament caliber, plasticity, and stability. This process reflects the function of NFs during the lifetime of a neuron from differentiation in the embryo through long-term activity in the adult until aging and environmental insult leads to pathology and ultimately death. NF function is modulated by phosphorylation–dephosphorylation in each of these diverse neuronal states. In this review, we have summarized some of these properties of NFP in adult nervous tissue, mostly from work in our own laboratory. Identification of sites phosphorylated in vivo in high molecular weight NFP (NF-H) and properties of NF-associated and neural-specific kinases phosphorylating specific sites in NFP are described. A model to explain the role of NF phosphorylation in determining filament caliber, plasticity, and stability is proposed.Key words: neurofilament proteins, phosphorylation, kinases, phosphatases, regulators, inhibitors, multimesic complex, domains.

scholarly journals Laporan Kasus: Manifestasi Oral Penderita Hipertensi berupa Ginggival Enlargement

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Anindita L. ◽  
Aris Aji K. ◽  
Arcadia Sulistijo J.
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Gingival Inflammation ◽  
Gingival Enlargement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Root Planning ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Hypertension presents an increase in blood pressure following the oral manifestations, such as gingival enlargement. A 42-year-old woman came to the General Sudirman University Dental and Oral Hospital complaining of enlarged front gums seven years ago. The patient had a history of hypertension and regularly consumed drugs, amlodipine 5 mg. Extraoral examination revealed no lymphadenopathy and no swelling of the head and neck area. Intraoral examination revealed a gingival enlargement involving the papilla to the gingival margin present on the entire upper and lower labial gingival surface. The patient's diagnosis was gingival enlargement caused by gingival enlargement due to the use of amlodipine. Gingival enlargement has been noted with long-term or high-dose amlodipine use. The mechanism of amlodipine in causing gingival enlargement is through the role of fibroblasts with abnormal susceptibility to the drug, resulting in increased levels of protein synthesis, especially collagen. The role of pro-inflammatory cytokines occurs through an increase in interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-6 in the inflamed gingival tissue due to the gingival fibrogenic response to drugs. Therapies were DHE and scaling and root planning as phase I in periodontal treatment. Plaque elimination is vital to reduce gingival inflammation that may occur. Substitution of the drug amlodipine may be needed if there is no improvement. Based on case reports, hypertension patients who took amlodipine could have gingival enlargement. The therapy given was plaque elimination in the form of DHE and Scaling and regular check-ups with the dentist.

scholarly journals The Effects of Long-Term, Low- and High-Dose Beta-Carotene Treatment in Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats: The Role of HO-1

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelin Csepanyi ◽  
Attila Czompa ◽  
Peter Szabados-Furjesi ◽  
Istvan Lekli ◽  
Jozsef Balla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Carotene ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Zucker Diabetic Fatty Rats

Facing Strangers in Need

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Nenad Miscevic ◽  
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
The Other ◽  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Psychological Approach ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Decent Life ◽  
The One

What is the role of toleration in the present-day crisis, marked by the inflow of refugees and increase in populism? The seriousness of the crises demands efforts of active toleration, acceptance, and integration of refugees and the like. Active toleration brings with itself a series of very demanding duties, divided into immediate ones involving immediate Samaritan aid to people at our doors and the long-term ones involving their acculturation and possibilities of decent life for them. A cosmopolitan attitude can contribute a lot. In the context of a refugee crisis, cosmopolitanism is not disappearing but showing its non-traditional, more Samaritan face turned not to distant strangers, as the classical one, but towards strangers at our doors.We have conjectured that this work of active toleration can diminish the need for the passive one: the well-integrated immigrant is no longer seen as a strange, exotic person with an incomprehensible and unacceptable attitude, but as one of us so that her attitudes become less irritating and provocative. The social-psychological approach that sees integration as involving both the preservation of central aspects of the original identity and the copy-pasting of the new one over it offers an interesting rationale for the conjecture: once integrated, the former newcomer is perceived as one of ‘us’ and her views stop being exotic, incomprehensible and a priori unacceptable. Given the amount of need for toleration, and difficulties and paradoxes connected with its passive variety, the conjecture, if true, might be a piece of good news.Finally, we have briefly touched the question of deeper causes of the crisis. Once one turns to this question, the traditional cosmopolitan issues come back to the forefront: the deep poverty and unjust distribution on the one hand, and conflicts and wars on the other. Cosmopolitans have a duty to face these issues, and this is where active global toleration leads in our times.

Neuropsychological Investigations of Human Amnesia: Insights Into the Role of the Medial Temporal Lobes in Cognition

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 732-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mieke Verfaellie ◽  
Margaret M. Keane
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobes ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clinical Disorders ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
The One

AbstractThe past 30 years of research on human amnesia has yielded important changes in our understanding of the role of the medial temporal lobes (MTL) in memory. On the one hand, this body of evidence has highlighted that not all types of memory are impaired in patients with MTL lesions. On the other hand, this research has made apparent that the role of the MTL extends beyond the domain of long-term memory, to include working memory, perception, and future thinking. In this article, we review the discoveries and controversies that have characterized this literature and that set the stage for a new conceptualization of the role of the MTL in cognition. This shift toward a more nuanced understanding of MTL function has direct relevance for a range of clinical disorders in which the MTL is implicated, potentially shaping not only theoretical understanding but also clinical practice. (JINS, 2017, 23, 732–740)

scholarly journals Digital Maturity of HR in SMEs

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Georg Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Financial Resources ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Hr Management ◽  
It Systems ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Similar Vein ◽  
The One ◽  
Transformation Processes

Digitalization and digital transformation processes pose chances and challenges to companies in a variety of different aspects. The present paper focuses on the digitalization of HR management in SMEs. The situation if discussed both in the light of SMEs, who are faced with unique challenges in terms of digitalization and its subsequent management. The role of the entrepreneurs/head of SMEs in driving the digitalization process is discussed. In a similar vein, the role HR departments can take both in their own digitalization and in the one of the company is displayed from various points of view, citing evidence that HR departments – especially of SMEs – often lag behind in terms of digitalization, thus not living up to their full potential as internal service partners of companies. An empirical study based on a quantitative survey explored these challenges further. A total of n = 16 experts from HR departments of German SMEs assessed the digital maturity of their own departments. The results show that – in accordance with the findings derived from the literature – HR departments are still struggling with digitalization, barely making use of their data and not connecting yet to other IT systems within the company. Most experts describe the role of their departments as reactive instead of active. These findings are discussed in the light of studies on digital maturity, showing that the situation in Germany/Central Europe for SMEs and their HR departments is a complex one: On the one hand it seems clear, that digitalization can help the companies and departments on a long-term perspective – which, according to some findings, is also well-known to the executives. At the same time, HR departments typically lack the (financial) resources and the involvement to actively work on their digital strategy.

scholarly journals Forest, forest, forest. Sometimes we sleep. Walking, sleep, walking, sleep. It’s dangerous on this way

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (44) ◽  
pp. 204-221
Author(s):  
Marijana Hameršak ◽  
Iva Pleše
Keyword(s):  
Field Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Exclusionary Policies ◽  
The One ◽  
External Interventions ◽  
Place And Route ◽  
Term Field

Hidden migrant routes through Croatia lead through forest areas (among other types of terrain) which include those along state borders, but also forests in the interior of the territory. Those forests can variously be seen as shelters for migrants, albeit harsh, or as green tunnels leading to desired destinations, and as scenes of suffering and violence. This article approaches the forests in question as landscapes that have been transformed from a neutral natural environment into active factors for creating and maintaining border control regimes and deterring and expelling unwanted migrants. Based on our long-term field research and publicly available (archival, media and other) sources, we seek to document, interpret, and interconnect the objects and practices involved in constructing the forest as a hostile terrain and perilous environment for migrants, and as an important element in controlling unwanted migrations. These are, on the one hand, objects and practices that intervene into forests, such as setting up cameras or cutting down trees, and, on the other, interventions that take place in forests, such as police interception or expulsion. Apart from these external interventions, in this context of remodeling forests into dangerous environments, one can also discuss the role of nature itself and its characteristics, as well as the causes of why migrants find themselves in nature in the first place. Although, at first glance, it seems that people on the move choose the forest as the place and route of their movement of their own volition, they are pushed and expelled into these forests by exclusionary policies (visa regimes, asylum systems, etc.). This, ultimately, classifies forests in Croatia as weaponized landscapes of exclusion and death, such as the desert (e.g., De León 2015), mountain (Del Biaggio et al. 2020), maritime (e.g., Albahari 2015) or archipelago (Mountz 2017) landscapes

scholarly journals Role of Individual Academics and International Universities in Health Research in Nepal

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-81
Author(s):  
P Simkhada ◽  
E Van Teijlingen
Keyword(s):  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Past ◽  
To Come ◽  
Changes Over Time

Nepal has made progress in health sciences and medical education over the past decade. We believe that there is a need in Nepal for a greater research emphasis on mixed-methods approaches, qualitative research, critical appraisal & systematic reviewing and health economics. Specifically to the discipline of epidemiology, Nepal should consider establishing more and better epidemiological studies, the kind of population-based studies that can identify risk factors, track changes over time at a population level over the decades to come.  We know how important such long-term research is but we are also painfully aware how expensive this kind on long-term research can be.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v2i2.6572 Nepal Journal of Epidemiology 2012;2(2):179-81 

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