scholarly journals Evasion of Children in Ivory Coast Artisanal Mining Activities

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouame Joseph Arthur Kouame ◽  
Yu Feng ◽  
Fuxing Jiang ◽  
Sitao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Child Labor ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mining Operation ◽  
Local People ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The World

The development of the mining industry is necessary for the national GDP growth. The gold mining operation provides great support to local people in the construction of roads, hospitals and schools. However the damage caused due to the illegal gold mining in Ivory Coast has become increasingly worrying. Thousands of miners unlawfully exploit gold in many parts of the national territory. The local people, especially the children see artisanal gold mining as a faster way to get out of the growing poverty. According to the investigation with local people, MDA, mining companies, the rebellion in 2002 and the post-election crisis in 2010 were a key issue. As result of the political unrest many children have left school to move into the mining activities. This paper focuses on some existing problems relating to the minors in artisanal gold mine as well as how the illegal gold mining activities should increasingly concern the state’s authorities who have to display their determination to stop this recurring phenomenon. In this paper, some suggestions will be proposed and we also support some initiatives and actions of the current government in order to reduce the rate of children or if possible to withdraw all the children from mining sites. The World Bank, financial institutions, NGOs are appealing too to play a major support role to eradicate child labor and to protect children in Ivory Coast and over the world.

scholarly journals Micralestes eburneensis Daget 1965 (Characiformes: Alestidae), a Near Threatened Fishes of the World

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Richard Jean Olive Doffou ◽  
Felix Koffi Konan ◽  
Gustave N’Guessan Aliko ◽  
Charles Koffi Boussou ◽  
Yves Kotchi Bony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Restricted Range ◽  
Fishing Pressure ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
The World ◽  
Threatened Fishes ◽  
Near Threatened

Micralestes eburneensis Daget 1965, an endemic characin fish of Ivory Coast / Liberia is assessed as Near Threatened due to its restricted range. In addition, there is strong fishing pressure, habitat loss and aquatic pollution from clandestine gold mining in the Cavally River bed.Moreover, given the development and intensification of mining activities in the study area, it is to be expected that the population of the endemic species will continue to decline. The strong anthropogenic pressure in this region on the Cavally hydrosystem and its environment must be taken into account for a future update of M. eburneensis conservation status.There is an immediate need for developing protection and management actions for this fish species.

A Study on Ivory Coast with the Impacts of Artisanal Gold Mining on Local Livelihoods and the Mining Industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
Kouame Joseph Arthur Kouame ◽  
Fu Xing Jiang ◽  
Yu Feng ◽  
Si Tao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Artisanal Mining ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Artisanal Gold Mining ◽  
Main Activity

In rural regions, mining is an activity that employs many people due to the fact that the barriers to entry are sometime trivial, with very low technology, capital fund and no specialized skills required. Many people including children into artisanal mining in Ivory Coast because they can earn higher incomes in mining than through other traditional activities such as agriculture, which is the main activity in the country. Artisanal mining contribute to reduce the abject poverty and it offers many others opportunities. However, this activity has many negative social impacts. Local people including miners are risking their life everyday due to the unsanitary conditions, prostitution, chemical contaminants, and alcoholism, and also the large degradation of lands. The main objective of this Paper is to understand how artisanal gold mining in the Ivory Coast affects local livelihoods and the environment. Some key recommendations for addressing artisanal mining activities in order to have a good option for sustainable management of mineral resources in the country are proposed.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in the Soils of Placer Small-Scale Gold Mining Sites in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (27) ◽  
pp. 200911
Author(s):  
Aung Zaw Tun ◽  
Pokkate Wongsasuluk ◽  
Wattasit Siriwong
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations

Background. Artisanal and small-scale mining activities are widely practiced globally. Concentrations of heavy metals associated with gold, such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) can increase in the environment as a result of mining activities, leading to environmental pollution and pose toxicity risks to humans and animals. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to investigate soil concentrations of toxic heavy metals in placer small-scale gold mining operations in Myanmar. Methods. Soil samples were collected from three placer small-scale gold mining sites: Site A located in the Hmawbon public protected forest, Site B and Site C, situated in the Nant-Kyin reserved forest around Nar Nant Htun village. At each site, soil samples were collected from four gold mining stages (ore processing, sluicing, panning, and amalgamation). Atomic absorption spectroscopy was utilized to examine the concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, and Hg. Results. The highest heavy metal concentrations were generally found in the amalgamation stages across all the gold mining sites. Across the three mining sites, the maximum heavy metal concentrations in the amalgamation stage were 22.170 mg.kg−1 for As, 3.070 mg.kg−1 for Cd, 77.440 mg.kg−1 for Hg, and 210.000 mg.kg−1 for Pb. Conclusions. The present study examined the concentrations of As, Cd, Hg and Pb in the soil of several small-scale gold mining sites in Banmauk Township, Myanmar. The results demonstrated the presence of high concentrations of heavy metals in the soil of the gold mining sites. Miners in this area work without proper personal protective equipment, and frequent exposure to heavy metals in the soil may cause adverse health effects. The present study provides baseline data for future risk assessment studies of heavy metal contamination in gold mines. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests

Ivory Coast

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouame Joseph Arthur Kouame ◽  
Kouakou Alphonse Yao ◽  
Fuxing Jiang ◽  
Yu Feng ◽  
Sitao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Local People ◽  
Rural Regions ◽  
Local Livelihoods ◽  
Contagious Diseases ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
The Impact

In Ivory Coast, mining is one of the major sources of income for local people. Because of mining, jobs have been created thus increasing employment opportunities in rural regions. Moreover, this is a job that does not require a lot of skills, so a lot of people are able to join at the same time earning huge money within a short amount of time. Not only does this occupation attract adults, children are also interested in this activity. However, the negative social impacts caused by this activity remain indisputable. Chemical products used by miners and unsanitary conditions are harmful not only to miners themselves but also to innocent local people. There is a large destruction of lands, and also prostitution, which leads to the spreading of many contagious diseases. The paper mainly focuses on the impact of artisanal gold mining and its affects to local livelihoods and the environment in Ivory Coast. Some key recommendations for addressing artisanal mining activities in order to have good options for sustainable management of mineral resources in the country will be discussed.

scholarly journals Review Of The Small Scale Gold Mining Practices At Cineam, Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java, Indonesia

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Hutamadi Hutamadi ◽  
Bambang Nugroho Widi ◽  
Sabtanto Joko Suprapto
Keyword(s):  
Gold Deposit ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Mining Operation ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Gold Content ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
West Java ◽  
Gold Miners

Gold deposit at Cineam area is an epithermal gold deposit of low sulphidation type which lies about 180 km southeast of Bandung at an elevation of 400 meter above the mean sea level. The Cineam deposit is administratively belongs to Cineam Subdistrict , Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java Province, which dominantly occurred within volcanic rocks unit of Jampang Formation. Alterations developed in this area namely propylite, argillic, sericitation, and silisification, occurred in andesitic lava, volcanic breccia, and andesitic to dacitic tuff. The thickness of gold bearing quartz veins are commonly from few cm up to > 20 cm, while for the veins of higher grade of gold content the thickness are about 5 cm or less. The average grade of gold content is around 6 - 10 gr/t Au. Although Cineam gold deposits can not be classified as a big scale deposit, itsmineral genesis has an interesting characteristic to be further studied. The Cineam area representing one of the most prospect areas of gold found in the eastern part of West Java Southern Mountain Range. As the Cineam gold deposit is proportionally suitable for a small scale gold mine, the local government had already gave a mining license to a Family Firm in the form of a Village Unit Cooperation or “KUD” such as KUD Mekarjaya which had also been updated to become a B class of Exploitation License category that permitted for the realization of metallic exploitation. This action was in line with the implementation of Autonomy Policy since the year of 2001.Although KUD Mekarjaya’s mining production is relatively so small but in fact the mining activity is still being maintained to be daily earnings for the local gold miners to rely on. Within the long run of the local gold miners activity at Cineam which has been working since 1968, this condition can give rise to many well skilled and experienced labors in seeking for gold ores, in handling small scale gold mining works, and in obtaining for the bullions. In other side, on thecontrary, there are some negative actions must be kept under control such as the disposal of the waste or tailing directly into the river and the unsafely process of heating the amalgam to obtain the bullion including other improper ways done during the handling of their mining activities. Since the whole mining operation so far generally financed by individual investors it is very likely that small scale gold mining lacks of the capital needed for the mining operation. This condition is what the KUD always facing with so that management and financial matters can be a very serious problem affecting the progress of the KUD Mekarjaya From some presentation given by the CCOP-CASM Meeting in Bandung we can compare the condition of small scale mining in Indonesia. and that from other countries which have conducted good management in mining regulation and policy in relation with licensing, mining workers, tax payment and awareness of environment live in the vicinity of mining areas On account of that event this can be expected to motivate and encourage the policy anddecision makers either locally or centrally throughout Indonesia in giving more attention related to the guidance, monitoring and inspection of the implementation of small scale mining activities which is actually growing in numbers.

Environmental Impact on Soil and Water Because of Mining Activities in the Eastern Part of Jiu Valley

Mining Revue ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Alexandru Simion ◽  
Carsten Drebenstedt ◽  
Maria Lazăr
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mining Operation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Rainfall Regime ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Soil Enrichment ◽  
Reference Concentration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract Analysing environmental impacts of mining activities involves detailed studies of the interactions between technological activities/operations carried out in a mining operation and environmental components affected by them. In order to carry out a more complex environmental impact assessment caused by mining in the eastern part of Jiu Valley on soil and water 4 mining units have been considered in the study, these being mining unit Lonea, Petrila, and Livezeni with their belonging dumps. Main objective of this research is to analyse the impact caused by mining activities in Eastern part of Jiu Valley by the method of impact networks according to the model “causes - pressures, depreciation of the quality of environmental factors – affected parameters - impact”. Thus, impacts caused by the mining industry were identified based on the top-down typology, being shaped impact networks for underground coal exploitation and sterile material storage on the surface. The metal content of the dumps was also analysed in order to assess the degree of metals soil enrichment compared to the reference concentration of a blank sample. The analysis of the influence of the local rainfall regime aims to highlight the leaching potential of heavy metals in the body of the dump and the possibility of analysing the scenarios of extension of the pollution phenomenon to the saturated area. The study is addressed to researchers, environmental engineers, hydrogeologists and geologists who want to deepen the study of transfer mechanisms of contaminants from dumps to watercourses receiving areas and their dispersion in unsaturated and saturated areas.

scholarly journals Gold of Indonesia (Part 2.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-154
Author(s):  
Aleksandr V. Popov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Gold Production ◽  
Gold Ore ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World

The article is devoted to the problems of the current state of the Indonesian gold-mining industry, the role of this country in the world gold production, and also the situation of the biggest gold-ore deposits of Indonesia and the companies exploiting them.

scholarly journals Approach to the Introduction of Innovative Developments in the Mining Industry of Kyrgyzstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
N. Vlasov ◽  
E. Osmonbetov ◽  
A. Maralbaev ◽  
K. Osmonbetov ◽  
A. Anokhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Small Business ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Gold Deposits ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Small Business Development ◽  
The World

The presence of a large number of small and untapped gold deposits provides great prospects for small business development. Throughout the world, the key direction of economic development of countries is the widespread introduction of innovative technologies, as well as active state support. An effective, environmentally friendly Project for the development of small gold deposits has been developed. The developed technology for the development of small deposits will reduce costs throughout the entire organization cycle of gold mining by 2–3 times. These developments were reported to the committees of the Kyrgyz Republic.

scholarly journals Threatened fishes of the world: Coptodon walteri (Thys van den Audenaerde 1968) (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-86
Author(s):  
Felix Koffi Konan ◽  
Richard Jean Olive Doffou ◽  
Yves Kotchi Bony ◽  
Gustave N’guessan Aliko ◽  
Emmanuel N’guessan Assemian
Keyword(s):  
Ivory Coast ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Aquatic Pollution ◽  
Fishing Pressure ◽  
The World ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Threatened Fishes ◽  
Conservation And Management ◽  
Near Threatened

Abstract Coptodon walteri Thys van den Audenaerde 1968, an endemic cichlid of Ivory Coast and Liberia, is assessed as Near Threatened due to fishing pressure and loss of habitats, and aquatic pollution as a result of extensive clandestine gold mining in the bed of the Cavally River. There is an immediate need for developing conservation and management plans for this species.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF GOLD MINING ON FLORA: THE CASE OF THE SISSENGUE GOLD MINE (NORTHERN COTE DIVOIRE)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1415-1425
Author(s):  
Kouassi Bruno Kpangui ◽  
◽  
Kouassi Apollinaire Kouakou ◽  
NGuessan Achille Koffi ◽  
Charles Sangne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Mining ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Gold Mine ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Surface Survey ◽  
Open Forests

This study was initiated to contribute to the sustainable management of biodiversity in mining sites in Cote dIvoire. Its objective is to determine the impacts of gold mining activities on the flora of the Sissengue gold mine located in the department of Tengrela in northern Cote dIvoire. The flora inventory was conducted along a 500 m transect combined with the surface survey and roving inventory methods. The surface survey method consisted of delimiting a 25 m x 25 m (400 m2) plot at the end of each transect. In total, nine (09) types of land use were identified in the site, namely annual crops, perennial crops, open forests, forest galleries, tree savannahs, shrub savannahs, burned areas, lakes or water reservoirs, and locality. The floristic inventories carried out in seven (07) types of land occupations allowed the identification of 207 plant species distributed among 155 genera and 61 families. In addition, thirteen (13) species with special ecological status and seven (07) species included in the IUCN red list, four of which are vulnerable. However, the floristic diversity is low in all plant formations with an average of 1.91. The shrubby savannahs record the highest densities with 1705 stems/ha while the forest galleries and open forests record the highest values of basal area, with respectively 37.2 m2/ha and 28.1 m2/ha. These vegetation formations are disturbed by the mines gold mining activities. Efforts to conserve areas dedicated to biodiversity conservation must be a priority for mining sites in Cote dIvoire.

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