scholarly journals A Comparative Study of How to Renovate Historical Fabrics in the UK, France, the USA and Iran (Shiraz)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Tahereh Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
World War ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Urban Restoration ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World

<p>Restoration and renovation of the historical fabric of towns is one of the methods of intervention in towns with historical fabrics and old buildings that means continuous and conscious act for modernization, prevention from erosion and wear, longevity of historical buildings and fabrics of the towns, which are carried out aiming at a new function as appropriate to the needs of the daily life.</p><p>The record of restoration of the historical fabric of the towns in advanced counties is about two countries old, but the restoration and improvement of the historical fabric of towns separately and independent from historical buildings as a live, dynamic urban element was never paid attention by congresses and scientific centers before the Second World War. After the Second World War, restoration and reconstruction was paid attention again and was discussed in academic centers. That was while construction operations were under way in most European towns rapidly and intensively and no enough time was there for their study. The present article, while reviewing the world laws and enactments on urban restoration, has a look on different kinds of renovation in urban fabrics. What is important is the economic feasibility of renovation in the areas under study.</p><p>The present article is an effort towards review of the literature on restoration and innovation of historical urban fabrics based on the universal activities.</p><p>The purpose of this study is explanation of the components being paid attention in renovation of the old urban fabrics.</p><p>An analytical – comparative review of the experience gained in developed countries, on the one hand, and developing countries, on the other hand, could provide a guide toward development of effective solutions for renovation of historical spaces in towns. Analysis and examination of the process of the influence of modern western architectural, urban development and urban restoration on the modern Iranian architecture and urban development are among the achievements of such a study.</p><p>The research methodology, considering exploration of the form of the Iranian town is descriptive – analytical and the method of collecting data is field work and documentation</p><p>"The content structure of the study" is supported by the process of determination and introduction of efficient policies and strategies in traditional and historical fabrics. Strategies such as creation of new economic demands, environmental improvements, preservation and safeguarding of the historical nature of the quarter with physical restoration, development of criteria for functional design and renovation are among other notable subjects in this project.</p><p>The findings of the study show that, the historical neighborhoods of towns usually serve as autonomous functional areas, and, therefore, paying attention to them must be made in the context and the general fabric of the town and the relevant districts. Renovation, which is nothing but returning vitality and activity to the areas, is a dynamic, powerful process. Considering the above- mentioned items, one could say that the process has had different degrees in different areas. A successful renovation must show itself, in physical, economic and social aspects as well.</p>The results show the physical improvement of the town by paying attention to the physical components of the urban indentify. Also, one should attend to creation of cognitive and aesthetic values aiming at providing the readability and upgrading the mental image of the town when innovating the old fabrics.

scholarly journals Historical, non-existing synagogue in Przeworsk

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Agata Mikrut-Kusy
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
World War ◽  
Trade Routes ◽  
Religious Architecture ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World

The history of southeastern Poland is inseparably linked with the Jewish community that settled mostly in larger cities located near significant trade routes. Despite limiting privileges, in many cities Jews managed to establish their own quarters, in which synagogues were the most important structures. Only a few cases of historical Jewish religious architecture, in varying states of preservation, have survived to the present. In Przeworsk, to the north of the town hall, an impressive, masonry Jewish synagogue had stood for several centuries. The building was erected at the start of the seventeenth century and up to the Second World War constituted a significant element of the city’s spatial structure. Despite the passage of over eighty years since the demolition of the synagogue, its site has not been commemorated. This paper presents the genesis and architecture of the historical synagogue. The massing of the building, its functional and spatial layout, and its interior décor were investigated. The paper also discusses the commemoration of historical buildings, pointing to the significance of place-based identity and broadly understood cultural heritage.

scholarly journals THE DEPRECIATION OF FIXED ASSETS IN THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORKS OF THE FOUNDERS OF THE ACCOUNTING THOUGHT IN BULGARIA AND OF SCIENTISTS OF MORE RECENT TIMES

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1431-1442
Author(s):  
Hristina Oreshkova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
World War ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Foundational Research ◽  
Second World

In the present article author’s considerations on a fundamental economic problem are carried out, and results and conclusions, arising out of author’s investigationsр, are discussed. The problem of the depreciation of fixed assets has always been central to the accounting science, the economy and society. The article attaches importance to fundamental scientific research works, emblematic for the Bulgarian accounting science in its classical (pre-Second World War) period, during which the theoretical and methodological bases of the problem of the depreciation of fixed assets were developed. The article highlights, analyzes and summarizes views of distinguished theoreticians of the depreciation problem, that have most substantially influenced the process of developing and systematizing specialized accounting knowledge on depreciation. On the bases of the retrospective comparative analysis, it is argued that the foundational research and conceptual ideas of the classical period and later, have contributed to a considerable expansion and enrichment of the system of knowledge in this scientific field.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Structure-From-Motion Software’s –An Example of Letychiv (Ukraine) Castle and Convent Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
P. Lewińska ◽  
K. Pargieła
Keyword(s):  
Structure From Motion ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Current State ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Church ◽  
Inner Parts

Abstract Letychiv (pl. Latyczów) is a town located in central Ukraine in the Khmelnytskyi Oblast. It has a unique and complicated history. Second World War left it in ruin, destroying buildings, infrastructure and decimating its once large population. Perhaps the most prominent part of the town currently is the building Dominican convent with adjoin Letychiv Assumption Church. This object is surrounded by what is left of the previously impressive Letychiv Castle, founded by Jan Potocki in 1598. Past 30 years have been dedicated by this small Catholic parish towards rebuilding monastery-castle-church complex. Since this is an ongoing project, it was decided to perform a photographic inventory of the current state of the construction and to create a 3D digital model of the castle, facade of the church and monastery, and the altar. This task have proven to be difficult due to complicated structure of the object. Facades and inner parts of the church are almost white with limited number of distinctive elements, painted in pail gold. Elements other than white are almost identical to each other. It leads to various errors in the processing of Structure-from-motion. This article describes how various versions of SfM algorithm work thru mention difficulties, compares results in terms of accuracy, level of detail and overall look. It also describes how SfM can help to document various stages of restoration of important historical objects.

Afro-German Histories at the Time of the Second World War. The Transnational Memooirs by Ruth Kluger and Hans-Jurgen Massaquoi

Tekstualia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (51) ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Więckiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Black Germans ◽  
War Experience ◽  
Multidirectional Memory ◽  
Second World ◽  
Point Of Departure

The point of departure in the present article is a discussion of the concept of multidirectional memory, the category proposed by Michael Rothberg in his book ANGIELSKI TYTUŁ. The article then analyzes the memoirs by Jewish-Austrian Ruth Klüger and Afro-German Hans-Jürgen Massaquoia, as examples of transnational narratives. It thus highlights the problem of the war experience of black Germans, concomitantly tracing the process of identity formation resulting from an ethnic person’s dialogue with the representatives of other marginalized and oppressed groups within the Nazi system

scholarly journals Beginning of Romani literature: The case of Alexander Germano

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-161
Author(s):  
ELENA MARUSHIAKOVA ◽  
VESSELIN POPOV
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Archival Work ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World

This article traces the beginning of Romani literature. It focuses on the work of Alexander Germano in the context of the history of a unique Romani literacy project developed in the USSR before the Second World War. It shows the peculiarity of the Soviet Romani literature and in particular the personal activities and contributions of Germano, the man considered the progenitor of contemporary Romani literature (with works in all three main genres of literature: poetry, prose, and drama). The study is based on a number of years of archival work in a variety of archives in the Russian Federation and to a great extent in Alexander Germano’s personal archive, preserved in the town of Orel (Russian Federation). The documents studied allow us to clarify the blurred spots in his biography, to reveal his ethnic background and identity, and to highlight the reason for the success of the Romani literary project. The example of Germano shows that the beginning of a national literature depends on the significance and public impact of the literary work of a particular author, and is not necessarily related to the author’s ethnic origin and identity.

The Literature Related to Karel Havlíček Published in Německý and Havlíčkův Brod in the 20th Century

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Petr Tvrdý
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Literary Production ◽  
World War ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World

Text provides a summary of the regional literary production concerning Karel Havlíček that was published in Německý and Havlíčkův Brod in the 20th century. Since more significant interest in this native of Borová was associated with his special anniversaries, the author also pays more detailed attention to several collections that were devoted to this topic and, in the local conditions, significantly affected the tradition of Karel Havlíček. The author farther mentions typical phenomena connected with Havlíček: the unveiling of his statue in the Future (Budoucnost) Park in Německý Brod in 1924, the celebrations of the local secondary school in 1935, the renaming of the town to Havlíčkův Brod in May 1945, the attempts to publish Havlíček’s collected works by the publisher Chvojka, as well as the renewal of the journal of the Brod museum. The text is also a contribution to the perception of Karel Havlíček in the past, especially in the periods after 1918, after the Second World War and in the 1950s.

Is El Merj the Site of Ancient Barqa?: Current Excavations in Context

1994 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 265-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Dore
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Site ◽  
World War ◽  
New Town ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World ◽  
Broad Outline

Since 1989, the Society for Libyan Studies has been carrying out, in conjunction with the Libyan Department of Antiquities, excavation and fieldwork in El Merj (Dore 1990, 1991, 1992) which is held to be the site of two earlier towns named Barqa (also spelled Barca and Barka), one of medieval date and the other Greek, as also of a Roman-period village. In this paper I wish to review critically the evidence for the identification of El Merj as medieval Barqa.The broad outline of the case is as follows: a town called Barqa is mentioned by a considerable number of medieval authors writing in Arabic. To judge from them the town flourished between the ninth and eleventh centuries AD but declined thereafter. The association of the names Barqa and El Merj with a single site seems to stem from one author, Ibn Sa 'id, writing in the thirteenth century, though even he is tentative in his identification (see below). After the fourteenth century there is a period which is devoid of information. By the eighteenth century the town(s) of Barqa/El Merj had disappeared (i.e. ceased to be inhabited) but local memory preserved the name and location of El Merj because Pacho visited its ruins and recorded the name in 1825 (see below). About twenty years after this a new town called El Merj began to grow up around a castle newly built by the Ottoman authorities on the remains of an earlier town. This town was called Barce by the Italians but reverted to being called El Merj after the second world war, and was finally destroyed by an earthquake in 1963.

scholarly journals Medieval Socialist Artefacts: Architecture and Discourses of National Identity in Provincial Poland, 1945–1960

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Faraldo
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Town Hall ◽  
German State ◽  
Public Building ◽  
New Town ◽  
Regional Characteristics ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World

Many things allow us to recognize that the Poles have a greater and fuller affinity with the Poznań Land than the Germans, even today. It is interesting, for example, with what confidence Polish architects, in contrast to their German counterparts, incorporate historical and regional characteristics in their designs.Moritz JafféThe Archive of the Town Curator of Monuments in the Polish city Poznań contains material about streets, monuments, Old Town Square, the cathedral, and other valuable constructions there. A folder labeled Nowy Ratusz (New Town Hall) attracted my attention, because I knew nothing about such a building. The folder contained photographs of a large neo-Gothic building. It looked like a typical Prussian public building, similar to hundreds of other postal, school, and government offices throughout the Prussian/German state. But what of this building? Had it been another casualty of the Second World War? The postwar images showed, that although seriously damaged, the building still stood in the ruins of the Old Town Square.

The Evolution of a National Urban Development Strategy in Hungary

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Zoványi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Second World War ◽  
City Size ◽  
World War ◽  
Urban Hierarchy ◽  
War Experience ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Places ◽  
Second World

National urban-development strategies represent government attempts to influence one or more of the following features of urban development in a national context: (1) a country's rate of urbanization; (2) the size of particular urban places within a country; and (3) the city-size distribution of a country's national urban hierarchy. Hungary's post-Second-World-War experience with a national urban development strategy is presented via a description of government efforts to affect each of the aforementioned features of urban development.

scholarly journals The Cowie Line

2006 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 119-161
Author(s):  
Gordon J Barclay
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Complete Survey ◽  
Large Groups ◽  
The Town ◽  
Second World ◽  
Over Time

The Cowie stop line, running west from the town of Stonehaven, the county town of the historical county of Kincardineshire, some 19km south of Aberdeen, has been recognized for some time as a well-preserved example of a Second World War anti-tank obstacle, but has not hitherto been described in detail. Its purpose was to stop any German force landing in the north-east penetrating into Angus and further south. To work effectively the line was extended to the west, by defences at the Bridge of Dye (on the Strachan–Fettercairn road) and the Devil’s Elbow (on the Braemar–Blairgowrie road) and planned demolitions on the Inverness–Perth road and railway. It originally comprised a dozen pillboxes, over 5km of anti-tank barrier, eight small and one large groups of anti-tank cubes and other defensive features. This paper outlines the strategic background, how the Cowie Line fitted into it, how the Line was constructed, and how its intended function changed over time. The results of the first complete survey of the surviving remains are also presented.

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