scholarly journals A note from the SBMAC

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. i-ii
Author(s):  
M. Bernardes ◽  
Carla T. L. S. Ghidini ◽  
C. Hoppen ◽  
A. R. L. Oliveira ◽  
P. M. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Scientific Organization ◽  
Original Research ◽  
High Profile ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Important Publication ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Brazilian Journal ◽  
Theoretical Developments

Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics is a new journal published by the Brazilian Society for Computational and Applied Mathematics (SBMAC). SBMAC was established in 1978 as a scientific organization aimed at developing and promoting Computational and Applied Mathematics in Brazil. It is a leading environment for researchers, professionals and students working in Applied Mathematics and related fields. Currently, SBMAC has over 300 members and it organizes the largest scientific event in t his field in Latin America, the National Congress of Computational and Applied Mathematics (CNMAC), an annual congress that attracts around 700 attendees. Furthermore, SBMAC organizes regional events and co sponsors many other events in Brazil. In 1999, SBMAC created the journal Tendências em Matemática Aplicada e Computacional (TEMA), which was originally devoted to papers presented at CNMAC and to the dissemination of Applied Mathematics in Portuguese. With the publication of 21 volumes, the jornal has grown and has become a leading Brazilian journal in the field. In the past few years, the great increase in the number of submissions in English, by Brazilian and foreigner researchers alike, shows that TEMA has attracted an international audience and is recognized as an important publication in Computational and Applied Mathematics. The new journal, Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics, marks the rebirth of TEMA as a truly international journal, yet one that preserves its history and the high profile that it has achieved. Our goals are to publish original research, theoretical developments and case studies on promising themes; to offer an interdisciplinary and reliable international forum; to provide an efficient peer review system, leading to a fast response time to the first decision. For forthcoming issues of TCAM, we invite researchers in Applied Mathematics and related fields to submit papers with innovative and/or relevant contributions to Computational and Applied Mathematics. We hope you enjoy reading the first issue of the new TCAM. We are looking forward to receiving your future contributions, as well as any comments and suggestions you may have. We will try our best to adjust to the expectations of our readership.

The effects of fire on avian communities: spatio-temporal attributes of the literature 1912 - 2003

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Leidolf ◽  
John A. Bissonette
Keyword(s):  
Community Response ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Avian Communities ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Important Publication ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
New Literature

We reviewed the temporal, geographic, and biogeographic distribution, as well as relevant research and publication attributes, of 512 documents addressing the effects of fire on avian communities, to provide an assessment of the scope of this literature and recommendations for future research. We summarized relevant attributes of all documents to identify patterns that were then tested against appropriate null models. Most documents reported on original research, with the literature evenly divided between studies investigating controlled fire and those reporting on uncontrolled wildfires. Conceptual reviews made up the second largest category; methodological reviews, bibliographies, and meta-analyses were rare. Although the literature examined spans nearly a century, most documents were published within the last 15 years, with new literature being added at an increasing rate. However, increases seem to be skewed towards original research at the expense of synthesis. An overwhelming majority of documents were published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and in English. Other important publication outlets included MS and PhD theses and conference proceedings. The spatial distribution of documents by continent and biogeographic domain and division differed significantly from expectations based on land area. Future research on avian community response to fire should focus on (1) continued synthesis, emphasizing methodological reviews, bibliographies, and North America; (2) increasing research efforts in areas currently underrepresented in the literature, including Africa, Asia, and South and Central America; and (3) meta-analyses.

Vacation rentals in San Francisco, USA: a positive or negative disruption?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Patrick Tierney
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Housing Costs ◽  
User Groups

Purpose Vacation rentals (VRs) are growing in popularity and have disrupted the lodging industry. But they are also controversial because they can literally disrupt quiet residential neighborhoods. There is little research on users of VRs. Design/methodology/approach An online survey of 10,000 festival attendees in San Francisco determined if they stayed in VR or commercial lodging and their spending. A second survey of 402 respondents who stayed in a VR asked about their motivations for renting a VR and their evaluation of the experience. Findings Results showed users of VRs were motivated by low cost, a convenient location and the nature of the neighborhood. VR user groups were more likely to rent high-end properties, than commercial users. But on a per-person per-day basis, VR users spent $183 on lodging, compared with $264 spent by those opting for a CL. Over half of the respondents stated that the availability of VRs increased the likelihood of them attending the event. Practical implications Results suggest that VRs help cover housing costs of VR owners and provide a desired, unique and low-priced lodging opportunity, which can encourage attendance at events. But VRs have both positive and negative disruptive impacts, and more regulation is coming in high-profile urban tourist destinations to mitigate negative effects. Originality/value This study consists of original research into VRs, which is a rapidly evolving component of hospitality industry.

scholarly journals Struggles with activism: NGO engagements with land tenure reform in post-apartheid South Africa

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fortin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Land Rights ◽  
African National Congress ◽  
Tenure Reform ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Internal Politics ◽  
Communal Land ◽  
National Congress ◽  
Ambivalent Relationship

ABSTRACTIn 2004, a long-awaited piece of post-apartheid legislation, the Communal Land Rights Act – to reform the land tenure of those living in the former ‘homelands’ of South Africa – was passed into law unanimously by parliament. This unanimity, however, conceals the extent to which the process towards this moment was deeply contested. Exploring the efforts by land sector NGOs to secure legitimacy in their engagements with this process reveals the extent to which wider power relations and contestations have determined their positioning. Those within the non-governmental land sector who opposed the legislation pitted themselves against African National Congress politicians and high-profile traditional leaders. However, the adoption of a Mamdani-inspired discourse to contest such politics and oppose the proposed legislation contributed to reinscribing narrow readings of knowledge considered to be legitimate. Their engagements were also shaped by changes in the NGO sector. Reduced funding for land sector NGOs and an increasingly ambivalent relationship between them and government contributed to contestations between NGOs and among people working within them. Their strategic engagements in such wider and internal politics influenced both the frames within which such policy change could be debated and the ways in which individuals working for NGOs consequently positioned themselves in relation to their constituents.

scholarly journals Approximation with activation functions and applications

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 32 - 2019 - 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhia Bessi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Function Approximation ◽  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Activation Functions ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Réseau Neuronal ◽  
Nous Trouvons ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Éléments Finis ◽  
Element Theory

International audience Function approximation arises in many branches of applied mathematics and computer science, in particular in numerical analysis, in finite element theory and more recently in data sciences domain. From most common approximation we cite, polynomial, Chebychev and Fourier series approximations. In this work we establish some approximations of a continuous function by a series of activation functions. First, we deal with one and two dimensional cases. Then, we generalize the approximation to the multi dimensional case. Examples of applications of these approximations are: interpolation, numerical integration, finite element and neural network. Finally, we will present some numerical results of the examples above. La théorie d’approximation des fonctions couvre de nombreuses branches en mathématiques appliquées, en informatique et en sciences de l’ingénieur, en particulier en analyse numérique, en théorie des éléments finis et plus récemment en sciences des données. Parmi les approximations fortement utilisées nous citons les approximations polynomiale de type Lagrange, Hermite ou au sens de Chebychev. Nous trouvons aussi l’approximation d’une fonction par une séries de Fourier, l’approximation rationnelle...Dans ce travail, nous établissons quelques résultats d’approximations d’une fonction continue par une série de fonctions de type activation. Nous traitons d’abord les cas d’une fonction à une seule puis à deux variables, puis nous généralisons l’approximation au cas multidimensionnel. Nous appliquons ces approximations pour l’interpolation et l’intégration numérique, en éléments finis et en réseau neuronal. Nous donnons pour chaque application quelques résultats numériques.

scholarly journals Persistent Underrepresentation of Women’s Science in High Profile Journals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqin Alicia Shen ◽  
Jason M. Webster ◽  
Yuichi Shoda ◽  
Ione Fine
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Impact Factor ◽  
Journal Impact Factor ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Women Authors ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
Journal Impact ◽  
Over Time

AbstractYiqin Alicia Shen, Jason M. Webster, Yuichi Shoda, and Ione Fine Department of Psychology, University of Washington Past research has demonstrated an under-representation of female editors and reviewers in top scientific journals, but less is known about the representation of women authors within original research articles. We collected research article publication records from 15 high-profile multidisciplinary and neuroscience journals for 2005-2017 and analyzed the representation of women over time, as well as its relationship with journal impact factor. We find that women authors have been persistently underrepresented in high-profile journals. This under-representation has persisted over more than a decade, with glacial improvement over time. Even within our limited group of high profile journals, the percent of female first and last authors is negatively associated with journal impact factor. Since publishing in high-profile journals is a gateway to academic success, this underrepresentation of women may contribute to the lack of women at the top of the academic ladder.

scholarly journals Threat not solution: gender, global health security and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Harman
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Global Health Security ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Health Security ◽  
High Profile ◽  
The People ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract COVID-19 had led to long overdue visibility of the gendered determinants and impacts of health emergencies and global health security. This article explores why gender was neglected in previous health emergencies, what led to change in visibility of gender issues during the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the implications of such change for understanding the relationship between gender and global health security. The article explores the question of neglect by drawing on original research into the 2014–16 Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone, its aftermath and implications for future pandemic preparedness. The article then looks in detail at the research efforts, funding, epistemic community activism and impact of COVID-19 to explain why gender received high profile political attention and acknowledgment. The article argues that the change in visibility, research and advocacy around gender equality during the COVID-19 outbreak does not demonstrate an advancement in gender equality in global health. To the contrary, such visibility reinforces the inherent problems of global health security evident in the 2014–16 Ebola outbreak that create and reproduce binaries of neglect and visibility, and hierarchies of the global health issues that matter, the people that matter and the women that matter. What unites neglect and visibility of gender in global health security is that gender is understood as solution rather than threat. Combined these factors make gender equality incompatible with global health security.

scholarly journals Canards, canard cascades and black swans

2015 ◽  
Vol Volume 20 - 2015 - Special... ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sobolev ◽  
Elena Shchepakina
Keyword(s):  
Black Swans ◽  
Integral Manifolds ◽  
International Audience ◽  
Theoretical Developments

International audience The paper is devoted to the investigation of the slow integral manifolds of variable stability. The existence of non periodic canards, canard cascades and black swans is stated. The theoretical developments are illustrated by several examples. L'article est consacré à l'étude de variétés lentes intégrales de stabilité variable. L'existence de canards non périodiques, de cascades de canard et des cygnes noirs est établie. Les développements théoriques sont illustrés par plusieurs exemples.

scholarly journals Enumeration of Binary Trees and Universal Types

2005 ◽  
Vol Vol. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Knessl ◽  
Wojciech Szpankowski
Keyword(s):  
Generating Functions ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Empirical Distribution ◽  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Binary Trees ◽  
Wkb Method ◽  
Interesting Problem ◽  
Matched Asymptotics ◽  
Ordered Trees ◽  
International Audience

International audience Binary unlabeled ordered trees (further called binary trees) were studied at least since Euler, who enumerated them. The number of such trees with n nodes is now known as the Catalan number. Over the years various interesting questions about the statistics of such trees were investigated (e.g., height and path length distributions for a randomly selected tree). Binary trees find an abundance of applications in computer science. However, recently Seroussi posed a new and interesting problem motivated by information theory considerations: how many binary trees of a \emphgiven path length (sum of depths) are there? This question arose in the study of \emphuniversal types of sequences. Two sequences of length p have the same universal type if they generate the same set of phrases in the incremental parsing of the Lempel-Ziv'78 scheme since one proves that such sequences converge to the same empirical distribution. It turns out that the number of distinct types of sequences of length p corresponds to the number of binary (unlabeled and ordered) trees, T_p, of given path length p (and also the number of distinct Lempel-Ziv'78 parsings of length p sequences). We first show that the number of binary trees with given path length p is asymptotically equal to T_p ~ 2^2p/(log_2 p)(1+O(log ^-2/3 p)). Then we establish various limiting distributions for the number of nodes (number of phrases in the Lempel-Ziv'78 scheme) when a tree is selected randomly among all trees of given path length p. Throughout, we use methods of analytic algorithmics such as generating functions and complex asymptotics, as well as methods of applied mathematics such as the WKB method and matched asymptotics.

scholarly journals Quicksort algorithm again revisited

1999 ◽  
Vol Vol. 3 no. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Knessl ◽  
Wojciech Szpankowski
Keyword(s):  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Asymptotic Methods ◽  
Search Tree ◽  
Limiting Distribution ◽  
Wkb Method ◽  
Matched Asymptotics ◽  
Total Path Length ◽  
Double Exponential ◽  
International Audience ◽  
The Right

International audience We consider the standard Quicksort algorithm that sorts n distinct keys with all possible n! orderings of keys being equally likely. Equivalently, we analyze the total path length L(n) in a randomly built \emphbinary search tree. Obtaining the limiting distribution of L(n) is still an outstanding open problem. In this paper, we establish an integral equation for the probability density of the number of comparisons L(n). Then, we investigate the large deviations of L(n). We shall show that the left tail of the limiting distribution is much ''thinner'' (i.e., double exponential) than the right tail (which is only exponential). Our results contain some constants that must be determined numerically. We use formal asymptotic methods of applied mathematics such as the WKB method and matched asymptotics.

Scientific progress is like doing a puzzle, not building a wall

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexa M. Tullett ◽  
Simine Vazire
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Jigsaw Puzzle ◽  
Replication Research

AbstractWe contest the “building a wall” analogy of scientific progress. We argue that this analogy unfairly privileges original research (which is perceived as laying bricks and, therefore, constructive) over replication research (which is perceived as testing and removing bricks and, therefore, destructive). We propose an alternative analogy for scientific progress: solving a jigsaw puzzle.

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