Depression, stigma and quality of life in people with drug-susceptible TB and drug-resistant TB in Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-467
Author(s):  
L. Redwood ◽  
E. M. H. Mitchell ◽  
K. Viney ◽  
K. Snow ◽  
T. A. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Stigma Scale ◽  
Mdr Tb

BACKGROUND: Drug resistance poses a major barrier to global control of TB – a leading infectious cause of death. Depression and stigma occur commonly among people with TB. However, the relationship between drug-resistant forms of TB, depression and stigma are not well understood.OBJECTIVE: To compare depression, stigma and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), among people with drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB) and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).METHODS: A cross-sectional study of people treated for DS-TB and MDR-TB in four provinces of Vietnam. The survey included a stigma scale (Vietnamese Tuberculosis Stigma Scale), depression scale (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire) and HRQoL scale (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy – Tuberculosis). Differences between the two populations were compared using linear regression.RESULTS: Eighty-one people with DS-TB and 315 people with MDR-TB participated in the study. People with MDR-TB had a higher prevalence of depression than those with DS-TB (difference 17.8%, χ2 8.64). The mean depression and stigma scores were higher for people with MDR-TB than those with DS-TB (adjusted difference [AD] 8.6 and 7.6 respectively). People with MDR-TB reported lower HRQoL than those with DS-TB (AD –23.8).CONCLUSION: Depression and stigma are common among people with TB in Vietnam. Strategies to prevent and treat depressive symptoms and stigma in people with TB are critical to a holistic, patient-centred approach to care.

The Musculoskeletal Disorders, Pain Characteristics, and Activity Levels of Caregivers During the Rehabilitation Process and the Consequences on Sleep Condition, Health Status, and Quality of Life

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayça Uran Şan ◽  
Ahmet Onur Çakiryilmaz ◽  
Sinem Uyar Köylü ◽  
Tuğba Atan ◽  
Serdar Kesikburun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Sleep Condition ◽  
Assessment Questionnaire

Abstract Objective Taking care of a patient can significantly impact both physical and psychological statuses of caregivers. This study aimed to examine musculoskeletal problems, health status, and quality of life of caregivers. This study is novel in determining musculoskeletal disorders, pain characteristics, activity levels, sleep condition, general and psychological health statuses, and quality of life of caregivers. Design A cross-sectional study Patients and Methods A total of 240 participants were enrolled in this prospective and cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary rehabilitation center (patients, n = 120; caregivers, n = 120). The demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants were recorded during the evaluation process. The Functional Ambulation Classification Scale (FAS) and Barthel Scale scores of the patients were determined. The pain level of the caregivers was evaluated according to the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)–short form was used to evaluate caregivers’ activity levels. The quality of life of caregivers was evaluated with the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Scales score (WHOQOL-BREF). The anxiety and depression status of the caregivers were interpreted using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, The health level of the caregivers was evaluated using the Health Assessment Questionnaire. Results A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the duration of caregiving (hours per week) and the pain duration of the caregiver (month) (P = 0.000, r = 0.766). the caregivers who provided longer-term care for their patients (hours per week) had higher VAS scores (P = 0.000, r = 0.944). A significant reverse correlation was found between the duration of caregiving (hours per week) and IPAQ-Walking MET (metabolic equivalent) scores (minutes/week) (P = 0.000, r = –0.811). On the contrary, a positive significant association was detected between the duration of caregiving (hours per week) and IPAQ-Vigorous MET scores (minutes/week) due to the caregiving activities of the patients such as lifting, positioning, and so forth. Also, a significant positive correlation was observed between the duration of caregiving (hours per week) and Hospital Depression Scale scores (P = 0.000, r = 0.394), Hospital Anxiety Scale scores (P = 0.000, r = 0.548), and Health Assessment Questionnaire scores (P = 0.000, r = 0.415). Conclusion Providing protective exercise programs, including walking activity, to caregivers and organizing education programs that include caregiving techniques can positively affect the quality of life of caregivers.

scholarly journals Availability, price and affordability of anti-tuberculosis drugs in Europe: a TBNET survey

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 1081-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunar Günther ◽  
Gabriela B. Gomez ◽  
Christoph Lange ◽  
Stephan Rupert ◽  
Frank van Leth
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Domestic Products ◽  
Major Impediment

Data on availability and cost of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs in relation to affordability at national level are scarce.We performed a cross-sectional study on availability and cost of anti-TB drugs at major TB-reference centres in 37 European countries. Costs of standardised treatment regimens used for pan-sensitive TB, multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB, pre-extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB, and XDR-TB were compared using a purchasing power analysis. Affordability was evaluated in relation to monthly national gross domestic products per capita (GDP).At least one second-line injectable and either moxifloxacin or levofloxacin were available in all countries. Linezolid and clofazimine were available in 79% and 46% of the countries, respectively. Drug cost for XDR-TB was three-times more expensive than those for MDR-TB. The average price of treatment for pan-sensitive TB represented a maximum of 8.5% of the monthly GDP across countries, while for standard MDR-TB treatment this was <30% in only six countries and more than 100% in four countries. Treatment of XDR-TB represented more than 100% of a month's GDP in all countries where the regimen was available.High cost and limited availability of drugs for treatment of drug-resistant TB, particularly beyond resistance to first-line drugs, are a major impediment to successful TB control in Europe.

scholarly journals Factors Differentiating Rural and Urban Population in Determining Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Chronic Cardiovascular Disease: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3231
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Szlenk-Czyczerska ◽  
Marika Guzek ◽  
Dorota Emilia Bielska ◽  
Anna Ławnik ◽  
Piotr Polański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze selected variables differentiating rural from urban populations, as well as identify potentially increased levels of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease. The study was carried out in 193 patients. The study used the Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Appraisal Schedule (CANSAS), the Health Behavior Inventory Questionnaire (HBI), the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale–Modified Version (HADS-M). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test and logistic regression were used for analyses. In rural patients, we observed a relationship between anxiety and age (1/OR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.91–0.99), the assessment of satisfied needs (1/OR = 293.86; 95% CI: 0.00001–0.56), and quality of life (QoL) in physical (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.11–2.33), social (1/OR = 1.53; 95% CI: 0.04–0.94), and environmental domains (OR = 1.67; 95% CI: 1.06–3.00), as well as between depression and QoL in physical (1/OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 0.50–0.97) and psychological (OR = 1.37; 95% CI: 1.01–1.93) domains. In city patients, we observed a relationship between the drug and Qol in the physical (1/OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 0.62–0.98) and psychological (OR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.13) domains. Younger patients living in a rural area with a lower assessment of met needs, a higher level of QoL in physical and environmental domains, and a lower social domain, as well as patients living in a city with a lower QoL in the physical domain and a higher psychological domain, have a greater chance of developing anxiety and depressive disorders.

scholarly journals Predisposing Factors for Sexual Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Altmann ◽  
Fritz Leutmezer ◽  
Katharina Leithner ◽  
Tobias Monschein ◽  
Markus Ponleitner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anxiety Screening

Sexual dysfunction (SD) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) has a detrimental impact on individual health-related quality of life (HRQoL). It is not clear whether SD in multiple sclerosis (MS) is an independent symptom or merely a byproduct of other symptoms such as depression or anxiety. This cross-sectional study of 93 pwMS determines risk factors for SD in MS based on prevalence, HRQoL, and associated disease outcomes. Diagnosis of SD was determined based on the Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 (MSISQ-19) and correlated with physical disability (measured by Expanded Disability Status scale, EDSS), depression and anxiety [Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)], and HRQoL [Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQoL-54)]. Multivariate regression models were performed to determine independent risk factors for SD in pwMS. Almost half of the participants in this study (46%) reported SD. HRQoL was significantly poorer in patients with MS suffering from SD (median [IQR] MSQoL-54 scores: physical subscale 52 [41–68] vs. 81 [69–89], p &lt; 0.001; mental subscale 50 [38–82] vs. 86 [70–89], p &lt; 0.001). In the multivariate model, EDSS was the only independent risk factor for SD (OR 18.1 for EDSS ≥4 [95% CI 3.3–31.4, p &lt; 0.001]), while depression and anxiety were not. We conclude that the risk for SD is growing with increasing EDSS and is independent of depression or anxiety. Screening for SD becomes particularly relevant in patients with growing disability.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Samtse General Hospital, Bhutan: A Retrospective Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Thinley Dorji
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Mdr Tb

Introduction: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as a case of tuberculosis resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid which are the first line anti tuberculosis drugs. Globally emergences of MDR-TB possess a challenge to TB control. In Bhutan, the proportion of MDR-TB is high at par with the global level. This study will explore the predictors of MDR-TB and the trend at Samtse General Hospital which has high burden of tuberculosis. Methods: This was a retrospective cross sectional study. The data was extracted from TB treatment cards maintained at TB unit of Samtse General Hospital TB from January 2012 to June 2018. Results: The study showed the prevalence of drug resistant to at least one drug at 21% and MDR-TB prevalence at 16%. The patients with previous treatments (AOR: 4.59; 95% CI .03-.18) and patients under the age of 30 years (AOR: 2.7; 95% CI 1.01- 7.42) were significantly associated with MDR-TB. Conclusion: This study shows high prevalence of MDR-TB in Samtse. Better strategies and concrete actions need to be developed to combat the increase of MDR-TB.

scholarly journals Quality of Life and Treatment Outcome of Psychiatric Morbidities in Cancer Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Prashwas Thapa ◽  
Namrata Rawal ◽  
Yadav Bista
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
World Health Organization Quality

Introduction: Cancer is associated with signiÞ cant psychosocial morbidity and has impact on quality of life.An appropriate psychiatric management of cancer patient may improve the ultimate quality of living.Methods: The objective of this study was to see the outcome of treatment of depression and anxiety and itseffect in quality of life in cancer patients. A cross sectional study was used. A total of eighteen (18) cancerpatients with depression, anxiety; and both depression and anxiety were assessed for quality of life and providedtreatment. The tools used were General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) scale.Results: The study concluded that 43.75% of depressed and 41.66% of anxiety cancer patients improved ontreatment and there also was a signiÞ cant improvement in quality of life, specially in psychological and physicaldomain.Conclusions: Oncology centres should work in close liaison with psychiatrists which can improve the qualityof life of cancer patients.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjsbh.v12i2.12918  

scholarly journals The Dimensions of Auditory Hallucination in Schizophrenia: Association with Depressive Symptoms and Quality of Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaki V ◽  
Suzaily W ◽  
Abdul Hamid AR ◽  
Hazli Z ◽  
Azmawati MN
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Auditory Hallucination ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
World Health Organization Quality

Introduction: Auditory hallucination (AH) is often unexplored in depth in clinical practice. This study sought to ascertain the relationship between AH, depressive symptoms and quality of life (QOL) and its association with socio-demographic and clinical variables. Methods: This was a cross sectional study done in a psychiatry unit involving 60 schizophrenic patients between 18 to 60 years old. Psychotic Symptom Rating Scale – Auditory Hallucination subscale (PSYRATS-AH), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief scale (WHOQOL-BREF) were used as instruments. Results: Alcohol intake was found to be significantly associated with the severity of AH. A significant moderate positive correlation was found between AH total score and CDSS (r=0.53, p<0.001) and moderately high correlation between emotional characteristics subscale with CDSS (r=0.651, p<0.005). The PSYRATS-AH dimensions; amount of distress (r=0.721, p<0.001) and intensity of distress (r=0.757, p<0.001) showed significant high correlation with CDSS. As for QOL, frequency of AH (r=-0.419, p<0.01) and CDSS (r=0.435, p<0.01) showed significant moderate negative correlation, while duration, loudness, amount and intensity of distress, disruption to life and controllability of voices had significant fair correlation with QOL. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the frequency of AH (p=0.047), controllability of AH (p=0.027) and depressive symptoms (p=0.001) significantly predict QOL. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that each dimension of AH had different contributions towards depressive symptoms and the QOL in patients with schizophrenia. Therefore, appropriate treatment focusing on the specific dimension of AH not only may reduce depressive symptoms, but may also improve QOL of these patients.

scholarly journals Quality of life in primary caregivers of patients in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Monárrez-Espino ◽  
José Alberto Delgado-Valles ◽  
Gastón Ramírez-García
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Role Functioning ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income

Abstract Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is gaining track as an efficient/affordable therapy in poor settings. Yet, there is little data regarding differences in quality of life (QoL) of primary caregivers (PCG) of patients in PD and hemodialysis (HD). Aim: To compare the QoL of PCG of patients in PD and HD from an upper middle-income population in a Mexican city. Methods: Cross-sectional study was carried out with PCG of patients in PD (n=42) and HD (n=95) from 4 hospitals (response rate=70.2%). The SF 36-item QoL questionnaire, the Zarit burden interview, and the Goldberg anxiety/depression scale were used. Mean normalized scores for each QoL domain were compared by dialysis type. Adjusted odds were computed using logistic regression to determine the probability of low QoL (<70% of maximum possible score resulting from the added scores of the 8 dimensions). Results: The PD group had higher mean scores for emotional role functioning (+10.6; p=0.04), physical functioning (+9.2; p=0.002), bodily pain (+9.2; p=0.07), social functioning (+5.7; p=0.25), and mental health (+1.3; p=0.71); the HD group had higher scores for physical role functioning (+7.9, p=0.14), general health perception (+6.1; p=0.05), and vitality (+3.3; p=0.36). A non-significant OR was seen in multivariate regression (1.51; 95% CI 0.43-5.31). Zarit scores were similar, but workload levels were lower in the PD group (medium/high: PD 7.2%, HD 14.8%). Anxiety (HD 50.5%, PD 19%; p<0.01) and depression (HD 49.5%, PD 16.7%; p<0.01) were also lower in the PD group. Conclusion: Adjusted analysis showed no differences in the probability of low QoL between the groups. These findings add to the value of PD, and strengthen its importance in resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals Implicações da depressão na qualidade de vida do idoso: estudo seccional

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 433-472
Author(s):  
Edison Vitório de Souza Júnior ◽  
Diego Pires Cruz ◽  
Cristiane dos Santos Silva ◽  
Randson Souza Rosa ◽  
Bianca de Moura Peloso-Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Death And Dying ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calidad De Vida

Objective: To analyze the association between depressive symptoms and quality of life in older adults. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out between July and October, in 2020, with 596 older adults who answered three instruments, namely: bio-sociodemographic, Geriatric Depression Scale and WHOQOL-Old. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman correlation and linear regression tests, considering a 95% confidence interval (p<0.05). Results: Depressive symptoms were negatively and statistically significantly associated with all facets of quality of life: sensory abilities (β= -1.922 [CI95%= -2.328 – -1.517]); autonomy (β= -2.410 [CI95%= -2.755 - -2.064]); past, present and future activities (β= -3.534 [CI95%= -3.879 – -3.189]); social participation (β= -3.436 [CI95%= -3.816 – -3.056]); death and dying (β= -2.260 [CI95%= -2.792 – -1.728]) and intimacy (β= -3.547 [CI95%= -3,900 – -3.194]). Conclusion: The presence of depressive symptoms is negatively associated with the quality of life of older adults, thus requiring interventions in this area. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre sintomatología depresiva y calidad de vida de adultos mayores.Método: Estudio transversal realizado entre julio y octubre de 2020 con 596 personas mayores que respondieron a tres instrumentos: biosociodemográfico, Escala de Depresión Geriátrica y WHOQOL-Old. Los datos se analizaron mediante pruebas de Chi-cuadrado, Kruskal-Wallis, correlación de Spearman y regresión lineal, considerando un intervalo de confianza del 95% (p<0,05).Resultados: La sintomatología depresiva se asoció de forma negativa y estadísticamente significativa con todas las facetas de la calidad de vida: habilidades sensoriales (β= -1,922 [IC95%= -2,328 – -1,517]); autonomía (β= -2,410 [IC95%= -2,755 – -2,064]); actividades pasadas, presentes y futuras (β= -3,534 [IC95%= -3,879 – -3,189]); participación social (β= -3,436 [IC95%= -3,816 – -3,056]); muerte y morir (β= -2,260 [IC95%= -2,792 – -1,728]) e intimidad (β= -3,547 [IC95%= -3,900 – -3,194]).Conclusión: La presencia de sintomatologías depresivas se asocia negativamente con la calidad de vida de las personas mayores, por lo que requiere intervenciones en este ámbito. Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre ecesitando ía ecesitan e qualidade de vida de idosos. Método: Estudo seccional realizado entre julho e outubro de 2020 com 596 idosos que responderam três instrumentos: biosociodemográfico, Escala de Depressão Geriátrica e WHOQOL-Old. Os dados foram analisados com os testes de Qui-quadrado, Kruskal-Wallis, correlação de Spearman e regressão linear, considerando um intervalo de confiança de 95% (p<0,05). Resultados: A sintomatologia depressiva se associou de forma negativa e estatisticamente significante com todas as facetas da qualidade de vida: habilidades sensoriais (β= -1,922 [IC95%= -2,328 – -1,517]); autonomia (β= -2,410 [IC95%= -2,755 – -2,064]); atividades passadas, presentes e futuras (β= -3,534 [IC95%= -3,879 – -3,189]); participação social (β= -3,436 [IC95%= -3,816 – -3,056]); morte e morrer (β= -2,260 [IC95%= -2,792 – -1,728]) e intimidade (β= -3,547 [IC95%= -3,900 – -3,194]). Conclusão: : A presença de sintomatologias depressivas está associada negativamente à qualidade de vida dos idosos, necessitando, portanto, de intervenções nessa área.

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