THE OIL SECTOR AND OIL COMPANIES IN THE ECONOMIC STRTATEGY OF SOME OIL-EXPORTING COUNTRIES

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galina Kulikovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Oil Companies ◽  
Oil Sector

scholarly journals Forecasting Global Developments and Challenges in Olive Oil Supply and Demand: A Delphi Survey from Spain

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Samir Mili ◽  
Maria Bouhaddane
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
International Expansion ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Traditional Markets ◽  
Future Supply ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
To Come

Forecasting future supply and demand is a topical subject in the olive oil sector due to its relevance for decision making and the lack of comprehensive and consensual estimates at the global level. This study aims at overcoming this gap in research by providing a foresight of global supply and demand for olive oil for the years to come. We use the Delphi technique to estimate the expected annual growth rates in the olive oil production and consumption worldwide as well as their likely impact on Spanish exports by 2025. Another key objective of the study is to elicit expert judgements on the factors that are likely to shape the predicted changes as well as the international challenges ahead. Results suggest substantial future increases in production in new-producing countries, in parallel with a slower growth in the European traditional suppliers whose focus will increasingly be placed on quality and sustainability rather than quantity. In addition, a significant growth in the world’s demand for olive oil is expected in non-traditional markets, which will be driven by greater awareness of the positive health and sustainability attributes of this product, jointly with the changes in lifestyles and rising incomes of several consumer segments. These emerging markets offer promising prospects for the international expansion of olive oil companies. Future international challenges facing the olive oil industry include new market entry, worldwide product promotion, quality standards’ harmonization, enacting trade facilitation schemes, and dealing with the COVID-19 impacts. Findings improve market predictability and transparency, and ultimately support decision-making and strategic planning in the olive oil sector.

scholarly journals TAX POLICY OF THE STATE IN THE OIL INDUSTRY AS AN INSTRUMENT OF ENSURING FINANCIAL SAFETY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE PERIOD OF AN UNSTABLE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL COUNTRY SITUATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 97-101
Author(s):  
Elena N Gorbunova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
The State ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
First Results ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Effective Result

Oil extraction taxation in our country was and remains a subject of special discussion. This article deals with actual problems of the taxation of the entities of an oil sector in the conditions of financial crisis, the sanctions imposed against Russia and the low prices of oil are considered. The object of research are topical issues of the taxation of the oil industry, in particular the mechanism of the taxation of the added income of the oil companies. The main options of tax mechanisms offered by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation are considered and also opinions of heads of the largest oil companies of the Russian Federation of rather operating system of the taxation of the oil industry are analyzed. The special attention is paid to the analysis of the first results of the carried-out tax reform concerning entering of tax maneuver as one of the main mechanisms of financial safety of the state. The main conclusions of research is that receipt of effective result requires system work concerning reform of the taxation of the oil industry, a phased transition from tax maneuver to the taxation of the added income of the oil companies.

scholarly journals Human Rights Anchored in Business: Practice and Challenges in the Palm Oil Sector in Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Andika AB. Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Corporate Culture ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Business And Human Rights ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Sustainability Standards ◽  
Direct Market ◽  
Market Pressure

The United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights aims to address gaps in human rights governance by setting a standard and corporate culture of respecting human rights. In Malaysia, despite growing requirements for sustainable production, the palm oil sector has been implicated in various corporate human rights violations. This article discusses how do three public listed companies in the palm oil sector in Malaysia perform their obligation to respect human rights? This article argues that while large palm oil companies have shown modest progress in realizing their human rights obligation – the lack of regulatory framework, resources, direct market pressure and membership to sustainability standards continue to serve as critical challenges in compensating the gaps in human rights governance.

The Assessment of Taxation Models in the Oil Sector of Russia and Foreign Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (5) ◽  
pp. 22-45
Author(s):  
Alla Bobyleva ◽  
Elena Zhavoronkova ◽  
Olga Lvova
Keyword(s):  
Oil Industry ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Strategic Review ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Oil Sector

The article focuses on the key parameters of the modern tax system in the oil industry of Russia and foreign countries, the tax burden of the largest Russian and foreign oil companies and their investment and financial opportunities resulting from different tax regimes, as well as recent changes in the economic and geopolitical conditions. On the basis of the research, the conclusion about the feasibility of the strategic review of the tax regime in the Russian oil industry is made and the main directions of its improvement are suggested.

scholarly journals Institutions and the Location of Oil Exploration

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1321-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Cust ◽  
Torfinn Harding
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Exploration Drilling ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Global Data

AbstractWe provide evidence that institutions have a strong influence over where oil and gas exploration takes place. We utilise a global data set on the location of exploration wells and national borders. This allows for a regression discontinuity design with the identifying assumption that the position of borders was determined independently of geology. In order to break potential simultaneity between borders, institutions, and activities in the oil sector, we focus on drilling that occurred after the formation of borders and institutions. Our sample covers 88 countries over the 1966–2010 period. At borders, we estimate more than twice as much drilling on the side with better institutional quality. Subsample analyses reveal effects of institutions on exploration drilling in both developing and high income countries, as well as across three types of operating companies. We find that the supermajor international oil companies are particularly sensitive to institutional quality in developing countries. Our findings are consistent with the view that institutions shape both exploration companies’ incentives to invest in drilling and host countries’ supply of drilling opportunities.

Understanding and finding oil over the centuries: The case of the Wallachian Petroleum Company in Romania

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Gerali ◽  
Jenny Gregory
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Oil Markets ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Petroleum Company ◽  
Oil Company

About four centuries passed between the first appearance of pamphlets in which the medical uses of petroleum were discussed (for example, the Tegernsee (southern Bavaria, 1430), Geneva (Swiss Confederacy, 1480), Nurnberg (northern Bavaria, 1500), and the Antwerp (Duchy of Brabant, today Flanders, 1540–1550) pamphlets), and Michael Faraday's discovery in 1825 of the chemical composition of benzene derived from bituminous oil as a compound of carbon and hydrogen. During this long time span, studies of oil, carried out between alchemy and chemistry, benefited from rapid advances and brilliant insights, much as they had moments of stagnation, and disappointing regressions. In 1855 the chemist Benjamin Silliman Jr., of Yale University, proved that crude oil could be decomposed through a process of fractional distillation into a range of fuels and lubricants cheaper than the oils, greases and waxes rendered by animal fats and vegetal matter (Silliman 1855; Forbes 1948 Forbes 1958). In the course of the early 1860s, oil became the main source of illumination first in North America, then in Europe and Australia. This transformation of oil from a substance of limited use into a commodity of mass consumption radically changed the pattern of oil finding and production. Crude was no longer collected just from natural springs or draining seepages, but was pumped out of the ground from wells drilled by machines using steam power. This was the first step toward the modern oil industry, and a breakthrough in the history of energy: the beginning of an oil society. The first part of this article provides an introduction to the early uses and production of petroleum in Europe, and advances in understanding the nature, the physical properties, and the composition of hydrocarbons. It provides a brief analysis of the interaction between technology, society and the environmental context in northwestern Pennsylvania, where, between 1858 and 1859, a new successful pattern developed to produce oil in commercial quantity. From 1861, that innovative process put the United States in the position to gain increasing shares in the young European mineral oil markets and, subsequently, to jeopardize the position of local oil (vegetal, animal and mineral) producers. The second part, using a national case study approach, explores the history of a British oil company operating in Romania since 1863, the Wallachian Oil Company. This venture by London stockholders—short, difficult, and abortive—is a mirror of the nature of the business implemented by emerging oil companies, not only from Europe, and therefore exemplifies the challenges of setting the modern oil sector in motion in the nineteenth century.

Nigerian oil rebound vital for economic recovery

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Niger Delta ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
China And India ◽  
Relative Safety ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Interventions

Significance Despite such controversies, the government is pinning hopes for economic recovery on restoring hydrocarbons production alongside longstanding plans to reduce the country’s dependence on oil. While large international oil companies are retreating to the relative safety of the deep offshore, the government will look to new partnerships with China and India for large infrastructure projects. Impacts Employment gains in the oil sector will be marginal compared to increases in the agricultural sector. Recent state interventions against oil majors are unlikely to deter future investment. Counter-insurgency operations against Boko Haram could distract from government peace efforts in the Niger Delta.

Turning potential collision into cooperation in Ghana’s oil industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwesi Amponsah-Tawiah ◽  
Kwasi Dartey-Baah ◽  
Kobena Osam
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Stakeholder Interactions ◽  
Corporate Social

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the potential impact of the presence of oil resource on the Ghanaian society. Specifically, the paper investigates the relationship between key stakeholders in the oil sector, how stakeholder interactions create the potential for collision and advances measures aimed at turning possible collision into cooperation. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses a literature review-based approach, drawing on existing literature in a number of areas including corporate social responsibility (CSR), oil and gas industry in Ghana and Nigeria as well as communication. Findings – The paper advances that expectations of stakeholders as regards oil being a panacea to all their problems must be managed to avoid possible collision. Additionally, Ghana’s oil industry must identify and engage all stakeholders in planning suitable and sustainable CSR programmes for economic development, thus fostering a friendly environment for oil companies. Transparency and accountability are also needed to promote cooperation rather than collision among stakeholders in Ghana’s oil industry. Originality/value – This paper raises and brings to the fore critical issues that can lead to potential collisions in the oil and gas industry in Ghana if not well-managed, and thus an innovative work in that regard.

scholarly journals A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF JOB OPPORTUNITY IN JHARKAND

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Dr.Sanjay Prasad ◽  
Srinath Koley
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Turnover Intentions ◽  
Job Turnover ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Job Opportunity ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Conceptual Study ◽  
The Relationship

Job turnover has been a longstanding concern to academic researchers whereby numerous researchers have resulted in the classification of factors that cause turnover intentions among employees. Indian context has been well explored, but the literature remain scant on the issue in the context of Indian countries especially Libya. This study is an attempt to address the gap in literature and aimed at determining the relationship amid training, job satisfaction and alternative jobs on employee turnover in the Libyan oil sector. The correlation findings revealed that training has insignificant relationship with job turnover, whereas job satisfaction and alternative job are positively related to job turnover. Finally, recombination are made for future research and implications for Sail, Bhel and Many more oil companies to improve their practices. Performance. This discussion in literature provides the impetus to examine the relationship between training, job satisfaction, and job opportunity with job turnover in private Sectors. KEYWORDS: - job satisfaction, Sail, Bhel, turnover.

scholarly journals Cenário petrolífero: sua evolução, principais produtores e tecnologias

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Marcela Taiane Schiavi ◽  
Wanda Aparecida Machado Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
World Market ◽  
Annual Number ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patent Documents ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
Origin Of Oil ◽  
Selection Of

O setor Petrolífero é um dos maiores e mais amplos empreendedores do mundo. E vem crescendo a cada ano, com novas tecnologias e novas perspectivas de inovação. Esta pesquisa envolve os seguintes objetivos: apresentar um breve histórico da origem do petróleo e seu desenvolvimento com o passar dos anos; apresentar uma análise do segmento petrolífero, indicando quais são os principais países que detém as maiores reservas e as maiores empresas petrolíferas do mundo; e, uma análise de patentes onde apresenta-se o número anual de documentos de patentes na respectiva área em um determinado período, as áreas de foco tecnológico e as empresas que mais depositam documentos de patentes neste setor no Brasil. O método de pesquisa constituiu na seleção de artigos para que se tornasse possível à contextualização da história do petróleo e também na seleção de dados estatísticos que indicassem sua evolução através de tabelas e gráficos que comprovasse a produção e o desenvolvimento no decorrer dos anos. Uma analise na base de dados da Derwent Innovation Index julgou-se necessária e importante na utilização de documentos de patentes como uma fonte de informação, pois registram os avanços tecnológicos. Com o estabelecimento de uma estratégia de busca no período de 1994-2013 foi possível destacar a Procter & Gamble, empresa americana, como sendo a empresa que mais deposita documentos de patentes dentro desta área no Brasil. Ainda apresenta o cenário petrolífero e os avanços tecnológicos nos últimos anos. Quanto às descobertas de reservas petrolíferas recentes tanto no Brasil quanto em outros países a tendência é de que esta área se fortaleça implementando suas tecnologias e aumentando suas reservas produtivas e se destacando cada vez mais no cenário mundial.AbstractThe Petroleum sector is one of the largest and most comprehensive in the world market. And it is growing every year with new technologies and new innovation perspectives. This research involves the following objectives: to present a brief history of the origin of oil and its development over the years; to present an analysis of the oil sector, indicating the main countries which own the largest reserves and the largest oil companies in the world; and a patent analysis showing the annual number of patent documents in the respective area in a given period, the areas of technological focus and the companies that place more patent documents in this sector in Brazil. The research method consisted in the selection of articles which made it possible to put the history of oil into context and also in the selection of statistical data that would indicate it's evolution through charts and graphs that show the production and development over the years. It was deemed necessary and important to analyze the Derwent Innovation Index database, as it allowed the utilization of patent documents as a source of information, inasmuch as they register technological breakthroughs. With the establishment of a search strategy in the 1994-2013 period it was possible to highlight Procter & Gamble, an American company, as the company that places more patent documents within this area in Brazil. As for the recent discoveries of oil reserves in Brazil and in other countries the trend is that the area be strengthened by implementing their technologies and increasing their productive reserves making them stand out more and more worldwide.KeywordsInnovation. Petroleum scenario. Oil. Patents.

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