RE-OS ISOTOPIC AGE OF THE CU-AG SULPHIDE ORE AND ITS MINERALOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC IN THE LUBIN–POLKOWICE MINING AREA (SW POLAND)

2017 ◽  
pp. 79-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław Z. Mikulski ◽  
Holly J. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Mining Area ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Geochemical Characteristic ◽  
Sulphide Ore ◽  
Isotopic Studies ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
Underground Workings ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Very High

In the paper we present the results of Re-Os isotopic studies as well as the mineralogical and geochemical characteristic of bornite veinlets with chalcopyrite ± chalcocite margins and chalcopyrite veinlets that are parallel to sub-parallel to bedding in Kupferschiefer from the underground workings of the Lubin and Polkowice mines in SW Poland. Kupferschiefer samples are of grade from 2.5 to 14.2% Cu and with silver admixtures from 40 to 900 ppm and organic matter contents ca. 6%. The ratios of Co/Ni = 0.1–0.7, V/Cr = 4–17 and Fe2O3/C org = 0.6–1.9 are in the range of values typical for the Kupferschiefer. Besides, copper sulphides, which commonly contain silver admixtures (e.g. chalcocite – 0.44–5.03 wt.%., bornite – 0.33–0.77 wt.%., chalcopyrite 0.09–0.20 wt.%) are associated with minor galena, sphalerite, Ag-minerals and common pyrite framboids. In the isotopically analysed bornite and chalcopyrite samples Re concentrations ranging from 5.7 to 12 ppb, and total Os concentrations ranging from 27 to 52 ppt. Significant common Os is present in all of the analysed sulphides. The isotopic ratios of 187Re/188Os are very high (range: 2269–2942), and of 187Os/188Os from 9.8 to ca. 12.4. Re-Os model ages calculated for these isotopic ratios are in the range from 256 to 268 Ma and for one of the chalcopyrite veinlet was 217 ±2 Ma. Taking into the account the values of the isotopic ratios of 187Re/188Os, it was possible to construct the Re-Os isochrone age for A Model 1 regression based on four different samples. They yields age of 212 ±7 Ma, with an initial 187Os/188Os ratio of 2.13 ±0.31 (MSWD = 1.3). Re-Os isochrone age indicates for bornite and chalcopyrite crystallization event of the Ag-bearing Cu sulphide mineralization within the Kupferschiefer in the Late Triassic (Norian), ca. 212 ±7 Ma.

On the Sigmoidal Law Relating Association Value (A) and Scaled Meaningfulness (M′)

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde E. Noble ◽  
Patricia B. Sutker ◽  
Helen R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Representative Sample ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Inductive Hypothesis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Sigmoidal Function ◽  
Empirical Law ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Very High

This study was conducted to test an inductive hypothesis, based on judgments of the relative number of associations ( a′) evoked by 2100 CVC trigrams in 200 Montana college Ss, that association value ( a) is a sigmoidal function of scaled meaningfulness ( m′). Whereas the earlier investigation used a representative sample of only 21 CVCs to compute m′, we selected 500 stimuli from the full range of values and had them rated by 200 Georgia college Ss. Measures of reliability for the a′ scale ( r = .993) and of internal consistency for the m′ scale (average error = 2.8%) are again very high. The cross-cultural regressions for the a and m′ scales are both linear, with r ≥ .97 for mean scores grouped in 25 categories of 20 CVCs each. Confirming and extending Noble's 1957 and 1961 findings, the present function relating a and m′ is clearly S-shaped and may be regarded as an empirical law. The analysis-of-variance ( η2) test of curvilinearity, applied to 12 equidistant groupings using all 500 CVCs, is significant ( P < .001). Among the major implications are: (1) the contemporary m′ scale is superior to the classical a scale and its cognates, (2) the practice of treating these two variables as identical or even linearly related is erroneous, (3) continued equivocation about a and m′ in research on verbal behavior can lead to serious errors of prediction and faulty explanatory inferences.

Geochemical sources of metal contamination in a coal mining area in Chhattisgarh, India using lead isotopic ratios

Chemosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 152-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avijit Das ◽  
Subhra Sarita Patel ◽  
Rajeev Kumar ◽  
K.V.S.S. Krishna ◽  
Saikat Dutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Metal Contamination ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Coal Mining Area ◽  
Lead Isotopic Ratios

scholarly journals The Oak Chronology (948-1314 AD) for the Zary Area (Sw Poland)

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (-1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Danek ◽  
Marzena Kłusek ◽  
Marek Krąpiec
Keyword(s):  
High Similarity ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Oak Wood ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
Site Chronology ◽  
A Site ◽  
Excellent Tool ◽  
Very High ◽  
Lower Silesia

The Oak Chronology (948-1314 AD) for the Zary Area (Sw Poland)The study presents the results of investigations aimed at construction of a site chronology for oak wood from the surroundings of Zary (SW Poland). The 366-year chronology ZY_2006, covering the period 948-1314 AD was determined on the basis of 189 individual ring patterns representing samples of archaeological wooden objects lifted at the excavation works led in the Old Town of Zary in the years 2004-2005. The chronology produced exhibits high similarity to the standards for the neighbouring regions: Wielkopolska and Lower Silesia. The statistical parameters of the chronology are very high and, thanks to the signature years determined, it should be an excellent tool for dating samples of mediaeval timbers from the whole region of Ziemia Lubuska, including some with relatively short dendrochronological sequences.

SIDERITE AS A CONSTRAINT ON DEPOSITIONAL AND EARLY DIAGENETIC HISTORY: EXAMPLES FROM BARROW SUB-BASIN, NORTH WEST SHELF, WESTERN AUSTRALIA

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Kraishan ◽  
N. M Lemont
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Meteoric Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Pore Waters ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Isotopic Studies ◽  
Mn Content

Siderite cement is one of the most volumetrically important diagenetic minerals in the Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous sandstones of the Barrow Sub-basin. It constitutes up to 60 per cent of the rock volume, and where abundant, occludes the primary intergranular porosity. Petrogriiphic, chemical and isotopic studies indicate the early precipitation of much of this siderite prior to significant compaction. Siderite samples and concretions were taken from a variety of depositional environments ranging from fluvial to deep marine from Late Triassic to Early Cretaceous sequences.Of the early phases, three distinct siderite types were recognised and vary according to depositional environment. The first type, mostly collected from fluvial deposits, is Fe-rich with a mean composition of (Fe96.3 Mg1.8 Ca0.9 Mn1.0) C03. The second type of siderite cement is relatively Mg-rich, Ca-poor and has a higher Mn content, with a mean composition of (Fe87.1 Mg9.6 Ca1.2 Mn2.1) C03. The third type of siderite cement is typically Mg−, Ca-rich, with a low Mn content and an average composition of (Fe78.7 Mg12.4 Ca8.4 Mn0.5) C03. The second and third siderite cements occur in marine facies. The δ13C and δ180 values for siderite cements range from −2.8 to −14.3 %. PDB and 17.4 to 28.2 %. SMOW, respectively.Petrographic and chemical isotopic studies and other sedimentological data from siderite can be used to distinguish between different depositional environments. Chemical and isotopic compositions of the early authigenic siderites indicate precipitation from fluids with significant meteoric input. Siderite cements formed during sulphate reduction and early methanogenesis from mixed marine and meteoric pore-waters at temperatures below 30°C. While an influx of meteoric water to the fluvial and deltaic sediments of the Triassic Mungaroo Formation is easily envisaged, the siderites show that some mixing of sea water is also required. The concept of introduction of meteoric water to the marine sediments of the Birdrong Formation requires an appreciation of the sea level fluctuations at the time. In these situations, the recognition of meteoric or marine input to an early siderite cement can assist in the determination of sea level fluctuations.

Tikisuchus romeri, a new rauisuchid reptile from the Late Triassic of India

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sankar Chatterjee ◽  
Pranab K. Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Normal Type ◽  
Dorsal Process ◽  
Very High

Tikisuchus romeri n. gen. and sp. is a rauisuchid thecodontian from the Late Triassic Tiki Formation of India and is the first rauisuchid material to be recorded from Asia. The skull is very large in relation to the presacral length and is equipped with sharp, serrated teeth. The astragalus has a very high dorsal process and the calcaneal tuber is short; the ankle joint is of “crocodile-normal” type.The rauisuchids were the dominant terrestrial predators during the Triassic and shared similar ecological niches with the emerging theropods. The agility and superior locomotion of theropods may have contributed to their success and to their eventual replacement of the rauisuchids at the end of the Triassic.

scholarly journals Multi-Temporal Satellite Interferometry for Fast-Motion Detection: An Application to Salt Solution Mining

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 3919
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Solari ◽  
Roberto Montalti ◽  
Anna Barra ◽  
Oriol Monserrat ◽  
Silvia Bianchini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Salt Solution ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
High Deformation ◽  
Solution Mining ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Very High

Underground mining is one of the human activities with the highest impact in terms of induced ground motion. The excavation of the mining levels creates pillars, rooms and cavities that can evolve in chimney collapses and sinkholes. This is a major threat where the mining activity is carried out in an urban context. Thus, there is a clear need for tools and instruments able to precisely quantify mining-induced deformation. Topographic measurements certainly offer very high spatial accuracy and temporal repeatability, but they lack in spatial distribution of measurement points. In the past decades, Multi-Temporal Satellite Interferometry (MTInSAR) has become one of the most reliable techniques for monitoring ground motion, including mining-induced deformation. Although with well-known limitations when high deformation rates and frequently changing land surfaces are involved, MTInSAR has been exploited to evaluate the surface motion in several mining area worldwide. In this paper, a detailed scale MTInSAR approach was designed to characterize ground deformation in the salt solution mining area of Saline di Volterra (Tuscany Region, central Italy). This mining activity has a relevant environmental impact, depleting the water resource and inducing ground motion; sinkholes are a common consequence. The MTInSAR processing approach is based on the direct integration of interferograms derived from Sentinel-1 images and on the phase splitting between low (LF) and high (HF) frequency components. Phase unwrapping is performed for the LF and HF components on a set of points selected through a “triplets closure” method. The final deformation map is derived by combining again the components to avoid error accumulation and by applying a classical atmospheric phase filtering to remove the remaining low frequency signal. The results obtained reveal the presence of several subsidence bowls, sometimes corresponding to sinkholes formed in the recent past. Very high deformation rates, up to −250 mm/yr, and time series with clear trend changes are registered. In addition, the spatial and temporal distribution of velocities and time series is analyzed, with a focus on the correlation with sinkhole occurrence.

scholarly journals Water heavily fractionated as it ascends on Mars as revealed by ExoMars/NOMAD

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. eabc8843
Author(s):  
Geronimo L. Villanueva ◽  
Giuliano Liuzzi ◽  
Matteo M. J. Crismani ◽  
Shohei Aoki ◽  
Ann Carine Vandaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dust Storm ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
High Altitudes ◽  
Polar Cap ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Rapid Variability ◽  
Rayleigh Distillation ◽  
Water On Mars ◽  
Very High

Isotopic ratios and, in particular, the water D/H ratio are powerful tracers of the evolution and transport of water on Mars. From measurements performed with ExoMars/NOMAD, we observe marked and rapid variability of the D/H along altitude on Mars and across the whole planet. The observations (from April 2018 to April 2019) sample a broad range of events on Mars, including a global dust storm, the evolution of water released from the southern polar cap during southern summer, the equinox phases, and a short but intense regional dust storm. In three instances, we observe water at very high altitudes (>80 km), the prime region where water is photodissociated and starts its escape to space. Rayleigh distillation appears the be the driving force affecting the D/H in many cases, yet in some instances, the exchange of water reservoirs with distinctive D/H could be responsible.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KANDUNGAN UNSUR HARA DAN TOTAL MIKROBA TANAH BEKAS PENAMBANGAN EMAS TANPA IZIN (PETI) DARI BEBERAPA KECAMATAN KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
Siti Zahrah ◽  
Sulhaswardi Sulhaswardi
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Organic N ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Land Quality ◽  
Aluminum Saturation ◽  
Very High

This unlicensed gold mining activity (PETI) can have a positive impact on the economy of the community, in the form of increased incomes so that it can improve the welfare of the community. However, besides having a positive impact, PETI's activities will harm the environment around the mining area. The negative impact caused by mining activities is environmental damage in the form of a decrease in land quality as indicated by a decrease in physical, chemical and biological soil quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutrient content and the total of microbes in former PETI soils in sub-districts of the Kuantan Singingi Regency. The parameters observed were analysis of nutrient content consisting of analysis of sand, dust, clay, soil pH, C-organic, N-total, P2O5, K2O, interchangeable cations, CEC, a saturation of bases, Aluminum Saturation, and analysis of total soil microbes. The results showed that the Singingi sub-district, Central Kuantan sub-district, Sentoja sub-district, and Logas Tanah Darat sub-district has the texture of sand soil clay to sand, the content of pH H2O Land classified as fertility is very sour, C-Organic (%), Ca-dd, Nitrogen-Total (%), Mg-dd and CEC with very low fertility criteria, C/N Ratio with low to very low fertility criteria, K-dd content with low criteria, Na-dd with moderate to very high criteria, aluminum saturation is very high with wet saturation the fertility criteria are low. The total microbes in the Sub-district of Sentoja Raya and Logas Tanah Darat Sub-district are much higher than Singingi Sub-district and Central Kuantan Sub-district.

scholarly journals Physiological potential of soybean seeds and its relationshipto electrical conductivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-415
Author(s):  
Jéssica Pavão do Prado ◽  
Francisco Carlos Krzyzanowski ◽  
Cibele Chalita Martins ◽  
Roberval Daiton Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Performance Potential ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Range Of Values ◽  
Very High

Abstract: Electrical conductivity (EC) stands out among vigor tests because of its capability of detecting damage in seeds in the initial stage, since EC is related to disorganization of the cell membrane. The aim of this paper was to study use of the EC test as an alternative for vigor evaluation in soybean seeds, verifying its relationship to different vigor tests and thus suggesting values and the range of values of electrical conductivity that indicate the performance potential of a seed lot in the field. Eleven seed lots from each of four soybean cultivars were used for this study. The moisture level was determined and the following tests were performed: electrical conductivity, germination, tetrazolium, accelerated aging, first germination count, seedling vigor classification and emergence of seedlings in the field and in sand. The EC test had a significant and negative correlation (p < 0.01) with all the tests performed. Linear regression analysis allowed separation of the seed lots into classifications of very high vigor (EC ≤ 70 μS.cm-1.g-1), high vigor (EC from 71 to 90 μS.cm-1.g-1), medium vigor (EC from 91 to 110 μS.cm-1.g-1) and low vigor (EC ≥ 111 μS.cm-1.g-1).

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