DIFFUSION LAYERS FORMED ON STEEL AND THEIR WEAR BEHAVIOUR

Tribologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 267 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
Jan SENATORSKI ◽  
Jan TACIKOWSKI ◽  
Paweł MĄCZYŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Diffusion Layers ◽  
Surface Unit ◽  
Unit Loading

The article presents the results of investigations of wear resistance by friction, employing the “3 cylinder-cone” method, of selected structural and tool steels, subjected to given thermo-chemical treatment, i.e. boriding, carburizing, nitriding and chromizing. It was observed that a proportionality exists between their wear resistance and the value of surface unit loading. Moreover, the friction-wear properties of these layers exhibited certain differences, dependent on their microstructure and chemistry.

Tribological properties and metallurgical characteristics of different diffusion layers formed on steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Jan Senatorski ◽  
Jan Tacikowski ◽  
Paweł Mączyński
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Diffusion Layers ◽  
Surface Unit ◽  
Unit Loading

The article presents results of investigations of wear resistance by friction, employing the “3 cylinder-cone” method, of selected structural and tool steels, subjected to given thermo-chemical treatment, i.e. boriding, carburizing, nitriding, chromizing and titanizing. It was observed that a proportionality exists between their wear resistance and the value of surface unit loading. Moreover, the friction-wear properties of these layers exhibited certain differences, dependent on their microstructure and chemistry.

WEAR RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF THERMO-CHEMICALLY TREATED STRUCTURAL STEELS

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 273 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan SENATORSKI ◽  
Jan TACIKOWSKI ◽  
Paweł MĄCZYŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Diffusion Layers ◽  
Surface Unit ◽  
Chemically Treated ◽  
Unit Loading

The article presents results of investigations of wear resistance by friction, employing the “3 cylinder – cone” method, of selected structural steels subjected to given thermo-chemical treatment, i.e. nitriding, carburizing, and precipitation hardening after nitriding. The investigated steels were C45, 21NiCrMo2, 18HGT, and 41Cr4. These materials, after thermo-chemical treatment undergo metallurgical characteristics of diffusion layers formed on steel. It was observed that proportionality exists between their wear resistance and the value of surface unit loading. Moreover, the friction – wear properties of these layers exhibited certain differences, depending on their microstructure and chemistry.

Wear Behaviour of HVOF Sprayed WC-Cobalt Coatings

2011 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
A. Mateen ◽  
Fazal Ahmad Khalid ◽  
T.I. Khan ◽  
G.C. Saha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Coating Structure ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cobalt Coating ◽  
Mining Tools ◽  
Duplex Coatings

Tungsten carbide cobalt coating has been extensively used for cutting and mining tools, aerospace, automotive and other wear resistance applications. These coatings not only have superior mechanical properties like high hardness, toughness and compressive strength but have also excellent controllable tribological properties. In this paper a comparison of wear properties and structural phases has been presented to consider for tribological applications. It is found that nanocrystalline duplex coatings have shown much superior properties as compared to the microcrystalline coatings. Evidence of clusters of WC particles was found in microcrystalline coating as compared to homogeneous dense coating structure observed in the nanocrystalline coating. These results are discussed to assess their suitability for super hard wear resistance applications.

Wear Properties of Paste Boronized 316 Stainless Steel Before and After Shot Blasting Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Muhamad Hafizuddin Mohamad Basir ◽  
Bulan Abdullah ◽  
Siti Khadijah Alias
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Shot Blasting ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Deformation Method ◽  
316 Stainless Steel ◽  
Before And After

This research investigates and analyzes wear properties of 316 stainless steel before and after applying paste boronizing process and to investigate the effect of shot blasting process in enhancing boron dispersion into the steel. In order to enhance the boron dispersion into 316 stainless steel, surface deformation method by shot blasting process was deployed. Boronizing treatment was conducted using paste medium for 8 hours under two different temperatures which were 8500C and 9500C. Wear behaviour was evaluated using pin-on-disc test for abrasion properties. The analysis on microstructure, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and density were also carried out before and after applying boronizing treatment. Boronizing process that had been carried out on 316 stainless steel increases the wear resistance of the steel compared to the unboronized 316 stainless steel. The effect of boronizing treatment together with the shot blasting process give a greater impact in increasing the wear resistance of 316 stainless steel. This is mainly because shot blasted samples initiated surface deformation that helped more boron dispersion due to dislocation of atom on the deformed surface. Increasing the boronizing temperature also increases the wear resistance of 316 stainless steel. In industrial application, the usage of the components that have been fabricated using the improved 316 stainless steel can be maximized because repair and replacement of the components can be reduced as a result of improved wear resistance of the 316 stainless steel.

Wear Behaviour of Pure Ti with a Nanocrystalline Surface Layer

2011 ◽  
Vol 66-68 ◽  
pp. 1500-1504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Wen ◽  
Cui'e Wen ◽  
Peter D. Hodgson ◽  
Yun Cang Li
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Microstructure Observation ◽  
Mechanical Attrition

A nanocrystalline (NC) layer with the thickness of 30 µm was produced on pure titanium surface by surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). Microstructure observation indicated that the grain size increases with depth from the treated surface. The friction coefficient decreases and the wear resistance increases with the SMAT sample as compared to its coarse-grained counterpart. The improvement of the wear properties could be attributed to the higher hardness of SMAT sample.

Enhanced Tensile and Wear Properties of CFRP Composites Manufactured Using Vacuum Infusion Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Syam Kumar Chokka ◽  
Beera Satish Ben ◽  
K.V. Sai Srinadh
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Longitudinal Direction ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Vacuum Infusion ◽  
Cfrp Composites ◽  
Vacuum Infusion Process

The properties of a composite are depending on the manufacturing process, fiber and its configuration, epoxy used etc. The present research deals with the tensile and wear behaviour of the composites manufactured using Hand Layup (HL) and Vacuum Infusion Process (VIP) with structural and non-structural epoxy combination. 4-layerd (all the layers are oriented in the longitudinal direction) unidirectional CFRP was manufactured using VIP and those results were compared with the HL made samples. The addition of structural epoxy in the resin mixer have shown a significant effect on its fiber volume fraction, tensile and erosion properties. The effect of vacuum pressure in mould cavity on the tensile strength of the CFRP composite was also studied. The morphologies of the CFRP composites made with VIP and HL were studied with the help of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The CFRP composites manufactured through VIP have shown a greater tensile strength but it was poor in wear resistance. The addition of structural adhesive to the resin system enhanced the wear resistance. Hence it made the VIP a recommended process for composite manufacturing where both tensile and wear properties are required.

scholarly journals MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS, MECHANICAL AND WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF ALUMINIUM-ALLOYED DUCTILE IRONS SUBJECTED TO TWO AUSTEMPERING PROCESSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Olawale Adebayo ◽  
Akinlabi Oyetunji ◽  
Kenneth Kenayo Alaneme
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Melting Furnace ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Aluminium Addition

The effect of aluminium addition and austempering processes on the microstructures, mechanical and wear properties of rotary melting furnace processed ductile irons was investigated. Ductile irons containing 1−4 wt.% Al were produced and subjected to single and two-step austempering processes. Optical microscopy was used to characterize the graphite features and estimate the volume fraction of the matrix phases present, while the x-ray diffractogram was also carried out to analyse the samples. Mechanical and wear properties of the alloys were equally evaluated. From the results, it was observed that both the as-cast and austempered ductile iron microstructures contained nodular graphite, and the matrix structure for the as-cast ductile irons consisted predominantly of pearlite and ferrite, while that of the austempered grades, contained principally, ausferrite. The microstructure and intermetallic compound obtained played dominant role on the properties of the alloys. The aluminium addition and austempering processes had a significant influence on the mechanical properties and wear resistance of the alloys. The austempered ductile irons exhibited superior strength and wear resistance compared to the as-cast samples, albeit ductility values were lower in the composition group. Austempering increased the strength by over 100% while the addition of Al further enhanced the strength. The improved properties were linked to the refined microstructure, increased proportion of ausferrite phase and intermetallic compound formed. For all properties evaluated, the two-step austempering yielded better properties combination than the single step process. The rotary melting furnace processing adopted was found viable for ductile iron production.

scholarly journals MECHANICAL, CORROSION AND WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL CHIPS AND GRAPHITE REINFORCED Zn-27Al ALLOY BASED COMPOSITES

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Kanayo Alaneme ◽  
Oluwadamilola Abigail Ajibuwa ◽  
Ifedolapo Elizabeth Kolawole ◽  
Adetomilola Victoria Fajemisin
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Corrosion And Wear ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Percent Elongation ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Better Than

<p class="AMSmaintext"><span lang="EN-GB">The prospect of enhancing mechanical, corrosion and wear properties of Zn27Al alloy based composites reinforced with steel machining chips by graphite addition was the focus of this investigation. Double stir casting was used to produce Zn27Al alloy based composites with 7 wt.% reinforcement but with varied compositions containing 1, 2, and 3 wt.% graphite, steel chips making up the balance. Microstructural analysis, mechanical, corrosion and wear tests were used to characterize the composites. The results show that the hardness of the composites decreases slightly with increase in graphite content in the reinforced composites. The tensile strength and fracture toughness of the composite only showed improvement with the addition of 3 wt.% graphite in the hybrid mix (steel chips and graphite) compared with the use of lower graphite content in the mix and steel chips only. The percent elongation did not show dependency on the composition of the reinforcement phase and was basically within the range 6.0 - 6.8 %. The fracture surfaces of all the composites were essentially rough, a preponderant feature of ductile fracture mode. The wear index of the composites was generally low indicating good wear resistance. However, despite the seeming self-lubricating advantage of graphite, the wear resistance of the composite reinforced with only steel chips was relatively better than that of the hybrid graphite and steel chips reinforced composite compositions. Finally, the steel chips and graphite reinforced Zn-27Al alloy based composites were generally more corrosion resistant in 3.5% NaCl solution compared with the unreinforced Zn-27Al alloy.</span></p>

Dry Sliding Wear of Lu2O3 Sialon Ceramics

2006 ◽  
Vol 317-318 ◽  
pp. 351-354
Author(s):  
Mark I. Jones ◽  
Kiyoshi Hirao ◽  
Hideki Hyuga ◽  
Yukihiko Yamauchi
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

The effects of microstructure and composition on the wear properties of Lu sialon ceramics have been studied under dry sliding conditions through block-on-ring wear tests. Microstructural and compositional effects on wear behaviour were studied by producing both equiaxed and elongated α sialons through the incorporation of additional oxides to promote extended liquid formation and grain growth, and by producing α / β composite materials with elongated β grains. The wear response of the materials is discussed in terms of the dominant wear mechanism under different experimental conditions. Under higher loads, where fracture dominates, materials with improved mechanical properties show better wear resistance and both the composite materials and the elongated α sialons showed lower wear rates than the equiaxed materials due to the elongated grain microstructures. Under low normal loads, fracture does not occur and the dominant wear mechanism is thought to be tribochemically assisted wear. Under these conditions, the equiaxed materials had better wear resistance than the composites, and the Lu-α sialon showed an order of magnitude lower wear rate than an equivalent Y-α sialon, thought to be due to better oxidation resistance and improved refractory nature afforded through the use of the smaller radius cation. The elongated Lu-α sialons under these low load conditions showed wear resistance that was to some extent dependent on the composition of the additional liquid phase, with high SiO2 contents leading to higher wear rates.

scholarly journals Effect of Speed on Tribological Properties of Graphene Toughned Alumina (Al-G) Composite

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 2068-2074
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Microwave Sintering ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Powder Metallurgy Technique ◽  
Alumina Matrix ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Pin On Disk ◽  
Vickers Hardness Test

This research work discusses the influence of different wt% of Graphene addition to Alumina matrix and its impact on mechanical properties such as hardness and wear properties of prepared composites (Al-G). The Al-G composites were prepared using powder metallurgy technique with the help of microwave sintering. The hardness of prepared specimens was tested using the Vickers hardness test for various combinations of Graphene in alumina matrix. The wear behaviour of material is explored using Pin on disk apparatus at various speeds and sliding distances for different wt% of graphene added alumina samples. The weight percentages of graphene vary from 0.1 to 0.4wt% with the interval of 0.1%. It was observed that the presence of graphene in alumina and processed with microwave sintering has a significant effect on wear properties of the Al-G composite. The present work focussed on the improvement in wear resistance through microwave sintering of alumina with the addition of various wt% of graphene. The main aim is to explore best optimum AL-G composition for increased wear resistance.

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