COMPARISON OF LOCAL AND REGIONAL GROUNDWATER FLOW MODELING APPROACHES OF THE MULTILAYER GROUNDWATER SYSTEM IN THE VICINITY OF THE LIS GROUNDWATER INTAKE

2018 ◽  
Vol 471 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Magdalena MATUSIAK ◽  
Stanisław DĄBROWSKI ◽  
Witold RYNARZEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Deep Aquifers ◽  
Flow Balance ◽  
Groundwater Circulation ◽  
River Valleys

We analyzed 27 km2 of the Prosna valley aquifer near Kalisz. The region was previously a subject of four model-based studies of local and regional range. Furthermore, additional modelling researches were conducted that aimed at evaluation of Upper Jurassic aquifer exploitation, which seems to be a separate groundwater circulation system. The models used in the analyses differed in terms of grid size (100, 125, 250 and 500 m), groundwater circulation scheme (two-, three- or seven-layered), and the software used (Hydrylib or Modflow). The results of groundwater steady-state flow indicate the essential influence of the groundwater circulation scheme and the mesh size on groundwater flow balance. It also emphasizes the importance of deep aquifers in the detailed model-based study in the case of groundwater intakes located within the river valleys of regional drainage range.

scholarly journals The groundwater flow system of Terme Alte (Alto Reno Terme, Bologna, Italy)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Gargini ◽  
Alessandro Stefani ◽  
Stefano Vannini
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Mineral Deposit ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Aquifer System ◽  
Hydrogeological Parameters ◽  
Groundwater Circulation

The thermal field of Porretta Terme, located in the Alto Reno Terme municipality (Bologna), has always raised interest for its peculiar waters since ancient times. Indeed, the use of the springs dates back to the I-II century A.D. and perhaps even in the Etruscan period. Porretta’s thermal tradition has developed over the centuries. First regulation, issued in 1936, allowed to cultivate the mineral deposit and its natural gas in a 740 000 acres wide land. The thermal waters, a public good, are indeed ruled by specific laws which control their use through a grant where the Public Authority makes the licensee, usually a private, follow a series of accomplishments aimed at not damaging the quantitative and qualitative characteristics (R.D. July 29, 1927 n. 1443). Fourteen thermo-mineral springs out of the nineteen located in the given land are currently exploited. They are divided into two groups, which differentiate either for the chemical properties of the waters and their topographic location. The first group of springs, called salt-bromoiodic, with higher salinity and temperature, is located in the upper part of Porretta along the Rio Maggiore, a tributary on the left bank of the Reno River. This is the portion of the deposit that has been studied. The second group of springs, called sulphurous, characterized by lower temperatures and salinity, is located south-east Porretta on the left side of the Reno River. These thermo-mineral water resources appear to be very worthy and need particular care and protection. By using the results of past research, the essential bibliography of which has been edited in the end-notes, the aim was to develop the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer that feeds the thermo-mineral sources, identify and understand the conceptual model of the groundwater circulation system, also detecting the interference between the different sources in the area examined. This type of research, which is usually applied to aquifers in sedimentary and granular soils, can be considered original. Indeed, an exhaustive hydrodynamic parameterization of a fractured thermal aquifer system such as that of Porretta has never been conducted. The collection of observational data on the hydrological regime and on the chemical composition of hot waters during the six months of field surveys, which confirmed the substantial constancy of the values over time, was also remarkable.

scholarly journals Occurrence and flow systems of the anticline-controlled thermal groundwater near Chongqing in eastern Sichuan Basin of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-749
Author(s):  
Mingming Ta ◽  
Xun Zhou ◽  
Yanqiu Xu ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Juan Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Sichuan Basin ◽  
Hot Springs ◽  
Carbonate Reservoirs ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Deep Circulation ◽  
Thermal Groundwater ◽  
Eastern Sichuan Basin ◽  
Geothermal Wells ◽  
Eastern Sichuan

Abstract A review and assessment of earlier studies shows that the thermal groundwater near Chongqing in the eastern Sichuan Basin of China has a unique occurrence called the ‘basin-anticline outcropping’ type. Its occurrence and emergence are strongly controlled by the nearly north–south trending anticlines. The basin-anticline outcropping type groundwater is similar to that of the basin type but also has the characteristics of the outcropping type because of the anticlines. The natural hot springs in the study area exist mainly in the outcropping areas of the carbonates, in the middle and the plunging ends of the anticlines where the topography was cut by rivers. They can also rise through the overlying sandstones and form up-flow springs. Geothermal wells tapping the carbonate reservoirs on the flanks of the anticlines also produce thermal groundwater. The groundwater flow can be divided into three levels: (1) shallow circulation system with groundwater of HCO3-Ca type and low TDS discharging through normal temperature springs, (2) middle circulation system with groundwater of SO4-Ca type and TDS of 2–3 g/L discharging through hot springs and (3) deep circulation system with groundwater of Cl-Na type and high TDS discharging through hot springs or wells.

Groundwater flow and residence times below a meso-tidal high-energy beach: A model-based analyses of salinity patterns and 3H-3He groundwater ages

2020 ◽  
Vol 587 ◽  
pp. 124948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nele Grünenbaum ◽  
Janek Greskowiak ◽  
Jürgen Sültenfuß ◽  
Gudrun Massmann
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Model Based

scholarly journals Problem Analysis on Teachers in the Development of Discovery Learning Model-based Worksheet and Student Problem on Cognitive Learning Achievement

BIODIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104
Author(s):  
Panca Herlambang ◽  
Evi Palenewen ◽  
Susilo Susilo
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Problem Analysis ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Blood Circulation System ◽  
Level Of Understanding

Abstract : The purpose of this research is to analyze the development of Biology worksheet about Blood Circulation System based on Discovery Learning model in SMA Negeri Samarinda. The research targets are (1) to describe the teacher's level of understanding about Discovery Learning model-based worksheet (2) to find solutions to solve teacher problem about worksheet development (3) to find out the level of student achievement (4) to find solutions regarding to low students’ learning achievement. The participants of this research are Biology teachers at SMAN 6, SMAN 14, SMAN 4 and SMAN 3 Samarinda. The results of this study were analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. The results of this study indicate that (1) The teachers’ understanding about the development of Discovery Learning-based Biology worksheet is still inadequate so that worksheet application was not optimal in teaching and learning process. (2) The teachers still experience some difficulties in synthesising worksheet, thus teachers need more explanations and references in the development of Discovery Learning model-based worksheet. (3) The students’ learning achievement are not optimal, (4) Teachers’ guidance is the best solution to improve the students’ achievement.Key Words: Problem analysis, Worksheet, Discovery Learning, students’ achievement Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  melakukan analisis kebutuhan pengembangan LKS biologi pada materi sistem peredaran darah berbasis model Discovery Learning di SMA Negeri Samarinda. Target penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh (1) gambaran tingkat pemahaman guru terkait LKS berbasis model Discovery Learning (2) Solusi dalam mengatasi permasalahan guru terkait pengembangan LKS (3) tingkat pencapaian hasil belajar siswa .(4) solusi dalam mengatasi hasil belajar siswa. Populasi penelitian analisis kebutuhan ini adalah guru Biologi pada SMAN 6 ,SMAN 14, SMAN 4 ,dan SMAN 3 Samarinda. Hasil observasi permasalahan guru dan siswa yang di analisis secara deskriptif kualitatif menunjukkan bahwa (1) Pemahaman guru terkait pengembangan LKS biologi berbasis model Discovery Learning masih kurang sehingga penerapannya dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar tidak optimal. (2) Guru mengalami kendala dalam pembuatan LKS oleh karena itu guru memerlukan sosialisasi dan acuan referensi  dalam pengembangan LKS berbasis model Discovery Learning  dan (3) Hasil belajar siswa masuk kategori kurang, (4) Rendahnya hasil belajar siswa perlu diatasi dengan bimbingan dan pendampingan yang penuh  oleh guru terkait hasil belajar siswa. Kata kunci : Analisis permasalahan , LKS, Discovery Learning, hasil belajar.

Paper 12: A Comparison of Performance Predictions for Steadily Loaded Journal Bearings

1965 ◽  
Vol 180 (11) ◽  
pp. 133-144
Author(s):  
A. J. Smalley ◽  
T. Lloyd ◽  
R. Horsnell ◽  
H. McCallion
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Journal Bearings ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Feed System ◽  
Pressure Derivative ◽  
Flow Balance ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Accurate Procedure

Various predictions of the performance of steadily loaded circular journal bearings, running in the laminar regime, are compared. The values of load, friction, peak pressure, and oil flow given result from the iterative numerical solution of the Reynolds equation subject to a number of different boundary conditions, which attempt to allow for oil-film disruption. The boundary conditions considered are: (1) That only the positive pressure region of the 360-degree full-film solution contributes to load carrying. (2) That the full-film is bounded, both at breakdown and at build-up, by the conditions that pressure and pressure derivative are zero. (3) That the pressure is zero along the line of maximum film thickness, this being the assumed build-up boundary, and the breakdown occurs when the pressure and pressure derivative fall to zero. (4) That the build-up boundary arises when the flow balance, allowing for the oil feed system, indicates a full-film, breakdown occurring as in (2) and (3) above. The influence of mesh size, convergence limit, and finite difference formulae on the accuracy of the solutions is also discussed. Finally a comparison is made with the results from the analytical solutions due to Sommerfeld and Ocvirk, which show large errors in load and in peak pressure. This led the authors to devise a new and accurate procedure for the prediction of load and peak pressure for finite bearings using simple formulae.

scholarly journals Multi-Technique groundwater flow system analysis and dating of deep aquifers in Alessandria Basin (Piedmont - IT)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Quaranta ◽  
Elena Cogo ◽  
Adriano Simoni ◽  
Elisa Sacchi ◽  
Mariachiara Caschetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Flow System ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Deep Groundwater ◽  
Groundwater Flow System ◽  
Deep Aquifers

The aim of the study was to set up a protection system from pollution of the deep aquifer of the Alessandria basin, by redefining the recharge areas, focused on this portion of Piedmont territory, and therefore by creating some reserve areas of deep groundwater, to be preserved for future human drinking purposes. In addition to the classical hydrodynamic and geochemical monitoring techniques, the groundwaters were analyzed with reference to a monitoring network of 25 selected wells with deep screens (80-300 m below ground surface) combining radiochemical dating (14C and δ13C of dissolved inorganic carbon - DIC) with anthropogenic tracers (CFCs, SF6) as indicators of recent recharge/ mixing. Stable isotope composition (δ2H and δ18O – H2O) was assessed during a 1-year sampling of snow-rain precipitations gauges distributed in altitude in order to define Local Meteoric Water Lines; the isotopic composition was also seasonally measured for the main rivers and in selected deep-wells. The 3D numerical model was implemented in FEflow platform and calibrated on the basis of the available monitoring data; it was used as a support tool in the delimitation of the recharge areas, starting from the analysis of the distribution of flows. This model was crucial for delimiting the “reserve areas”, since it was able to simulate groundwater flows using both purely advective transport conditions (particle tracking technique), and more realistic conditions of advective and dispersive transport, by introducing dispersive parameters and using the Life Time Expectancy (LTE) reservoir distribution. The integrated use of “traditional” techniques of regional groundwater flow system monitoring (hydrochemistry, stable isotopic composition) and of dating techniques based on radioactive isotopes and anthropogenic tracers, provided a reliable support to the validation of flow and transport simulation model, oriented to identify recharge areas and “reserve areas” of future extraction of deep groundwater for drinking purpose.

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