Social welfare in the 2nd Republic of Poland – introduction to source texts

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Mikołaj Brenk ◽  
Krzysztof Chaczko ◽  
Rafał Pląsek
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Problems ◽  
Welfare Discourse ◽  
First Time

The article presents selected aspects of the functioning of social welfare in Poland in the interwar period. The first part focuses on the key legal acts for the social welfare system created from the basics, i.e. the Social Welfare Act of 1923, as well as legal acts regulating the work of social carers, as well as those separating the assistance competences of individual levels of state administration. The second part presents fragments of theoretical works of key importance for the development of the social welfare discourse in the Second Republic of Poland. In turn, the third part shows practical aspects of the system's functioning. The authors tried to show both systemic problems that did not allow for fully effective functioning of social welfare, as well as the importance of the solutions introduced, which for the first time in the history of Poland guaranteed citizens access to basic social benefits from the state.

scholarly journals Care of the elderly persons in the system of social protection in the Republic of Srpska

2010 ◽  
pp. 239-253
Author(s):  
Ljubo Lepir
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Welfare System ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic

The number of the elderly in the overall population is increasing, which poses a need to seek an adequate model of organizing social care of the elderly. Most of them get social safety through the social welfare system. A functional and sustainable social welfare system requires application of efficient management and technique models based on the theoretical premises of contemporary management. The role and the importance of old people's protection in a social welfare system is becoming a topic of great importance both for theoreticians and the practitioners in the social sector area. This research analyzes the management functions and the roles of managers in running social protection of the elderly in the example of the social welfare system in the Republic of Srpska. A decentralized system, such as the one existing in the Republic of Srpska, brings along a number of organizational problems which points out to a need to apply the theoretical bases of managerial processes. The results obtained via empirical analyses indicate a number of deficiencies and obstacles in the implementation of social protection of the elderly in the social welfare system of the Republic of Srpska which are result of the insufficient and inconsistent application of the basic managerial elements. The obstacles emerging from this analysis indicate that there are chances and opportunities to improve the system and enhance the development of new forms of protection by applying managerial theories. .

scholarly journals SPECIFIČNOSTI SUPERVIZIJE OBITELJSKIH MEDIJATORA U SUSTAVU SOCIJALNE SKRBI

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-286
Author(s):  
Branka Sladović Franc
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Welfare System ◽  
Family Mediation ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Apprenticeship Model ◽  
Development Of Competencies ◽  
Family Mediators ◽  
Special Circumstances

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF THE SUPERVISION OF FAMILY MEDIATORS WITHIN THE SOCIAL WELFARE SYSTEM ABSTRACT In the introduction of the paper, the need for the supervision of family mediators is described, and the key characteristics of the educational and method supervision are presented, as well as the models of apprenticeship as modern forms of supervisory monitoring of the acquisition of additional professional competencies in the context of the helping professions, especially mediation. The paper presents supervision conducted with the family mediators who work within the social welfare system through two supervisory cycles. The aims of the supervision were to contribute to the integration of their knowledge and skills, to monitor and analyse the direct work on mediation cases and to promote the development of professional identity of family mediators in order to increase the quality of work with the clients during the application of mediation as a psychosocial intervention and a more recent social service. The contents and topics of the supervisory work have been presented through individual supervisory questions (feelings of mediators, workplace, principles of mediation, beliefs and prejudices), then through professional and educational questions significant for all supervisees (the role of mediators, usage of concrete knowledge and interventions, specific forms of mediation, implementation of mediation, special circumstances, supervisory competencies), and finally through organisational difficulties related to the implementation of mediation (introduction to family mediation, legislative framework and rules, the experience of a lack of understanding). Specific supervisory challenges with regard to the group composition, manners of work and competence of the supervisor for the implementation of the educational and/or method supervision in this area of work with the families have been described. In the conclusion, the similarities and differences between the educational and method supervision have been discussed, as well as some elements of the apprenticeship model. Key words: educational supervision, method supervision, cognitive apprenticeship model, family mediation, development of competencies of family mediators.

Conceptualizing the Social Economy in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 1083-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
LI ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Welfare System ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study offers a conceptual analysis of the social economy in China within the context of institutional transition. In China, economic reform has engendered significant social changes. Accelerated economic growth, privatization of the social welfare system, and the rise of civil society explain the institutional contexts in which a range of not-for-profit initiatives, neither state-owned nor capital-driven, re-emerged. They are defined in this research as the social economy in China. This study shows that although the term itself is quite new, the social economy is no new phenomenon in China, as its various elements have a rich historical tradition. Moreover, the impact of the transition on the upsurge of the Chinese social economy is felt not only through direct means of de-nationalization and marketization and, as a consequence, the privatization of China's social welfare system, but also through various indirect means. The development of the social economy in China was greatly influenced by the framework set by political institutions and, accordingly, legal enabling environments. In addition, the link to the West, as well as local historical and cultural traditions, contribute towards explaining its re-emergence. Examining the practices in the field shows that the social economy sector in China is conducive to achieving a plural economy and an inclusive society, particularly by way of poverty reduction, social service provision, work integration, and community development. Therefore, in contemporary China, it serves as a key sector for improving welfare, encouraging participation, and consolidating solidarity.

scholarly journals Human, not too Human: Technology, Rites, and Identity

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-202
Author(s):  
Stefania Operto
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Conceptual Category ◽  
Human Behaviors ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In the social sciences, the term “rite” identifies a set of practices and knowledge that contribute to forming the cultural models of a given society and has the aim of transmitting values and norms, institutionalization of roles, recognition of identity and social cohesion. This article examines the relationship between technology and ritual and the transformations in society resulting from the diffusion of new technologies. Technological progress is not a novelty in human development; though it is the first time in the history of humanity that technology has pervaded the lives of individuals and their relationships. The analyses conducted seem to show that the ritual is not intended to disappear but to change; to change forms and places. Postmodern societies have undergone profound modifications, but the conceptual category of ritual continues to be applicable to many human behaviors and it would be a mistake to support the idea that rituals are weakening.

Seek and Hide: Public Health Departments and Persons with Tuberculosis, 1890–1940

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 289-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila M. Rothman
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Departments ◽  
Familial Predisposition ◽  
Public Health Departments ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Old Females

In 1882 Koch discovered the tubercle bacillus and transformed both the medical and the social history of tuberculosis and the experiences of those who contracted it. For the first time, the absence or presence of the bacillus made it possible to define, in Koch’s terms, “the boundaries of the diseases to be understood as tuberculosis.” And for the first time the sick became subject to oversight and discrimination.Prior to Koch’s discovery, tuberculosis, or as it was then called, consumption, was considered a hereditary and non-contagious disease, albeit a very deadly and persistent one. Over the first half of the nineteenth century, it was responsible for one out of every five deaths. It crossed all boundaries of geography, social class, age, and sex affecting residents in rural as well as urban areas, the prosperous as well as the poor, the young even more notably than the old, females more often than males. Physicians assumed a familial predisposition existed (as in the case of insanity); following the precepts of humoral medicine, they postulated that the disease originated in “irritations” whose sources were to be found in the interaction of an inherited constitution with a particular lifestyle and environment.

Public assistance to the unemployed until the end of the 1920s - about the genesis of creating Polish systemic solutions in the socio-legal aspect

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-110
Author(s):  
Anna Monika Kruk
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Legal Aspect ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
First World ◽  
Desk Research

The author shows results of legal acts and subject literature explanation with reference to social welfare aid for the unemployed in the 20s of the XX century at the beginning of social welfare system for labour market in Poland. The study was carried out by using the “desk research” methodology. The legal acts analysis presented constructive and comprehensive systemic solutions for the workless after the First World War and at the first ten years of the interwar in the Second Republic of Poland. The contemporary generation may reflect on them and learn from the national historical traditions and experiences.

CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF MODERNIZATION OF THE SOCIAL PROTECTION SYSTEM

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Кравченко ◽  
Болотова ◽  
I. Bolotova ◽  
Гребеник ◽  
L. Grebenik
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Conceptual Basis ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
The Social

The article is devoted to the study and analysis of the social protection system. Based on the analysis of the features of the existing system of social protection of the population trends of the state social welfare system, the study defines the foundations of social protection system modernization, which includes such social problems in a particular region is based on a system of indicators, benchmarks and indicators, reflecting in quantitative and qualitative the form of quality of life, the economy and social sphere in general, the activities of public authorities

The Swedish Red Cross Centre for the rehabilitation of tortured refugees

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (268) ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Britt Wikberg
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Welfare System ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Social Welfare System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Swedish Society ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

In 1985 the Swedish Red Cross opened a Centre for the Rehabilitation of Tortured Refugees in Stockholm. It did so on the bases of a thorough study of what had been done elsewhere in the world, especially in Denmark where the first centre of this kind was established.Sweden accepts about 15,000 refugees each year. The largest groups come from Chile, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Ethiopia, Turkey. Many of them have been exposed to different forms of torture. Hospitals, the social welfare system, lawyers, immigration officers — none of these has any experience in dealing with the consequences. Now all sectors of Swedish society have to meet the needs of these new citizens. Lack of knowledge and understanding can, unintentionally, lead to callous treatment. It was therefore natural for the Swedish Red Cross to start collecting and developing existing knowledge on how to deal with the effects of torture.

Sprachwandel und Etymologie in Der Spanischen Sprachwissenschaft Des Siglo De Oro

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-116
Author(s):  
Werner Bahner
Keyword(s):  
National Language ◽  
Siglo De Oro ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of Linguistics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Time

Summary The Renaissance constitutes a new phase in the history of linguistics. The study of modern languages in particular contributed to enlarge the scope of philological concern as scholars try to promote and to codify a young national language. During this time philologists give particular attention to the origin of these vernaculars, distinguishing the different stages in their evolution and developing an especial awareness of chronology. For the representatives of a national philology, Latin is the starting point, the mould according to which the vernaculars are described and classified. Soon, however, more and more traits are recognized which are particular to these living languages, and which do not agree with the traditions of Latin grammar. On the one hand, modifications on the theoretical level are called for, and, on the other, there is a good opportunity to demonstrate the particularity of a given vernacular. All these tendencies can be found for the first time in the writings on Cas-tillian by the great philologist Antonio de Nebrija (1444–1522). Nebrija recognized a series of phonetic correspondences which, much later in the 19th century, are transformed into ‘phonetic laws’ by a rigorous methodology. In so doing the elaboration of orthographic principles had been for him a stimulus for his explications. In his “Diálogo de la lengua”, Juan de Valdés (devoted himself more extensively to the social aspects of Castillian, to linguistic changes, and to the historical causes for the distribution of Romance languages on the Iberian peninsula, stressing expecially the role of the ‘Reconquista’. The work of Bernardo José de Aldrete (1560–1641) offers a synthesis of all these efforts concerning the evolution of Castillian. He discusses all the substrata and superstrata of the language, sketches the different stages of development of his native tongue, examines Old Castillian with the help of medieval texts, and exploits what Nebrija had noted about the phonetic correspondences. In terms of scholarship, Aldrete’s work constitutes the culmination point in the movement engaged in supporting the rights of the Castillian language et in documenting its sovereignity vis-à-vis the Latin tradition.

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