scholarly journals Road safety in Poland, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Presentation of international research results

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Jacek Dworzecki
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Individual Personality

The safety of road users is one of the most important elements of the functioning of every society. The data published by the European Commission shows that on roads in the EU in 2017 was 25.3 thousand deaths occuried in road accidents. To reduce the number of road accident victims, threats in this area should be identified and appropriate solutions implemented. The article presents factors in traffic accidents, elements of human mentality which have a significant impact on driving a vehicle, factors influencing a driver’s action in traffic and correlation of the system of safety management including the procedure of risk management. The article presents partial results of international scientific research carried out in Poland, Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. In the survey participated respondents from ten cities. Opinions were obtained from 642 people on the subject of individual personality factors determine the behaviour of vehicle drivers. Furthermore were presented respondents´ answers regarding legal changes relating to the proposal penalties for drivers participating in road traffic under the influence of alcohol and drugs. The article has been prepared within the frames of realizing a research project called „Simulator supporting police officers’ training in the implementation of activities during a road accident” no. DOB-BIO9/06/01/2018, which has received funding from the Polish National Centre for Research and Development.

scholarly journals Safety Analysis of Pedestrians As Users of Road Traffic in the Slovak Republic

Auspicia ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
Pavel Kohút ◽  
Ludmila Macurová ◽  
Miroslav Felcan
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Pedestrian Accident ◽  
Principle Of Proportionality

ABSTRACT: The paper deals with the analysis of traffic accidents involving pedestrians in the Slovak Republic. The development of traffic accidents involving pedestrians is processed through statistical data for the period 2011 - 2019. The paper defines the risk groups of road users, identified areas with the highest traffic accidents, evaluated the negative consequences of traffic accidents and identified their possible causes. A separate chapter is a case study consisting of an analysis of a vehicle - pedestrian accident. Based on the performed analysis of traffic accidents involving pedestrians, safety measures are set to minimize the number of traffic accidents involving pedestrians and their negative consequences. The study is one of the outputs of the APVV-17-0217 project "Staffing of police officers and application of the principle of proportionality in criminal and administrative law.

scholarly journals Diagnóstico semiótico de un crucero peligroso en la Ciudad de México

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 5333-5377
Author(s):  
Santiago Osnaya Baltierra
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Seguridad Vial ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Vulnerable Road Users

El presente trabajo emerge en el marco del Decenio para la Seguridad Vial (DSV) 2011-2020 propuesto por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (WHO, 2011). México fue uno de los países que se adhirió al programa, debido al alto número de siniestros de tránsito registrados anualmente. En el DSV se propone un plan de acciones para reducir el índice de accidentes viales en el mundo, las cuales están integradas en cuatro grupos (pilares) a saber, pilar uno “Gestión de la seguridad vial”, pilar dos “Vías de tránsito y movilidad más segura, pilar tres “Vehículos más seguros”, pilar cuatro “Usuarios de vías de tránsito más seguras” y pilar cinco “Respuestas tras los accidentes”. La investigación que aquí se ofrece, obedece al pilar dos, y de manera específica, al apartado de proyectos de investigación que permitan evaluar posibles mejoras en materia de seguridad dirigida a los usuarios más vulnerables en las vialidades. En este contexto, la indagación busca identificar desde un enfoque semiótico las causas que pueden ocasionar un accidente de tránsito en un crucero vial, en el que se observe una relación directa entre los dispositivos para el control de tránsito (señales) y los peatones. Con el fin de interpretar, comprender y explicar dicho fenómeno, para con ello proponer soluciones que mitiguen la problemática.   This work arises from the Decade for Road Safety (DSV) 2011-2020 proposed by the United Nations (WHO: 2011). Mexico was one of the countries where this program was introduced, because of the high number of traffic accidents recorded annually. The DOV proposes a plan of actions to reduce the global road accident rate, which are integrated into four groups (pillars), pillar one "Road safety management", pillar two "Safer roads and mobility", pillar three "Safer vehicles", pillar four "Safer road users" and pillar five "Post-crash responses". Thus, the research offered here, refers to pillar two, and more specifically, to the section on research projects in order to evaluate possible improvements in the area of safety for the most vulnerable road users. In this context, the research seeks to identify from a semiotic approach the causes that can lead to a traffic accident at a crossroads, in which a direct relationship between traffic control devices (signs) and pedestrians can be observed. In order to interpret, understand and explain this phenomenon and propose solutions to mitigate the problem.

scholarly journals Road traffic injury associated with alcohol intoxication (clinical and epidemiological analysis based on traffic participation)

TRAUMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
S.O. Guryev ◽  
V.A. Kushnir ◽  
S.P. Satsyk ◽  
V.I. Grebenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Road Traffic Injury ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Impact

Background. The article is devoted to the problem of traffic accidents that occurred against the background of alcohol intoxication. With the development of technology and science over the past decade, the number of victims with severe multisystem damage has increased worldwide. The most common causes of injuries are traffic accidents. According to the WHO, road traffic injuries are one of the leading causes of death among people of working age. The UN Decade of Road Safety (2011–2020) has indicated that road safety is the most painful and difficult issue to address. The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of alcohol intoxication on the circumstances of injuries based on the participation in traffic in victims with multisystem injuries due to traffic accidents. Materials and methods. A scientific retrospective analysis of 312 cases of multisystem injuries in road accident victims who were treated in the Polytrauma Department of the Kyiv City Clinical Ambulance Hospital in 2018–2019 years. Results. The injuries due to road accidents occur in 46 % of people who are intoxicated. There is a probable dependence of road accident victims on the signs of alcohol intoxication and participation in the traffic. In a state of alcohol intoxication, drivers are injured in 46.43 % of cases, pedestrians in 52.53 %, passengers in 31.43 %. The comparative analysis of the risk of death in victims of accidents with and without alcohol intoxication and based on the participation in traffic proved that the risk of death of drivers while intoxicated is more than 2-fold higher than in drivers without alcohol intoxication and is 0.49. Conclusions. Pedestrians have the greatest clinically effective risks of fatalities in the traumatic process, regardless of the presence or absence of alcohol intoxication, such a risk is critical or catastrophic. Alcohol intoxication increases the risk of a fatal traumatic process in active road users (drivers and pedestrians) and does not impact this result in passive road users (passengers)

Alcohol and Fatal Road Traffic Accidents

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rufus Crompton
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Blood Alcohol ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Characteristic Distribution ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Blood Alcohol Levels ◽  
Age And Sex

An analysis of 208 cases of immediate death in a road traffic accident in which the blood alcohol was estimated, showed a definite characteristic distribution of varying blood alcohol levels in the various types of road users of differing age and sex.

scholarly journals Road Transport Accidents in Nigeria and the Role of Automotive Active Safety System

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Olasunkanmi Oriola Akinyemi ◽  
Hezekiah O Adeyemi ◽  
Olusegun Jinadu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Active Safety ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Road Traffic Safety

Abstract Analysis of road traffic accidents revealed that most accidents are as a result of drivers’ errors. Over the years, active safety systems (ASS) were devised in vehicle to reduce the high level of road accidents, caused by human errors, leading to death and injuries. This study however evaluated the impacts of ASS inclusions into vehicles in Nigeria road transportation network. The objectives was to measure how ASS contributed to making driving safer and enhanced transport safety. Road accident data were collected, for a period of eleven years, from Lagos State Ministry of Economic Planning and Budget, Central Office of Statistics. Quantitative analysis of the retrospective accident was conducted by computing the proportion of yearly number of vehicles involved in road accident to the total number of vehicles for each year. Results of the analysis showed that the proportion of vehicles involved in road accidents decreased from 16 in 1996 to 0.89 in 2006, the injured persons reduced from 15.58 in 1998 to 0.3 in 2006 and the death rate diminished from 4.45 in 1998 to 0.1 in 2006. These represented 94.4 %, 95 % and 95 % improvement respectively on road traffic safety. It can therefore be concluded that the inclusions of ASS into design of modern vehicles had improved road safety in Nigeria automotive industry.

scholarly journals The impact of traffic law enforcement on road accident fatalities in Botswana

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuso Mphela
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Driver Behaviour ◽  
Traffic Law ◽  
Traffic Law Enforcement ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact

Botswana has one of the highest rates of increase in road traffic accidents and fatalities in the world. The amendment of road laws came with stricter penalties for road offences which included higher fines and longer jail terms. This study uses multiple regression analysis subjecting variables to backward stepwise regression with a view to assessing the impact traffic law enforcement has had on fatalities in Botswana after the review of the Traffic Act of Botswana in 2008. The study uses secondary data and interview data obtained from law enforcers. The findings reveal that the enforcement of the new road laws has achieved little in the reduction of fatalities. Increasing the minimum driver licensing age may be a panacea to road accidents. Licensed drivers in the age group 30 to 45 years have the lowest rate of fatalities. The study questions the ability of punitive policies (i.e. road fines) to reduce fatalities. It offers that driver behaviour should be studied to come up with relevant policies.

scholarly journals ROAD SAFETY CAMPAIGNS TO REDUCE TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS FOR YOUNG ROAD USERS

ICCD ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 601-606
Author(s):  
Widodo Budi Dermawan ◽  
Dewi Nusraningrum
Keyword(s):  
School Environment ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Road User ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Accident Data

Every year we lose many young road users in road traffic accidents. Based on traffic accident data issued by the Indonesian National Police in 2017, the number of casualties was highest in the age group 15-19, with 3,496 minor injuries, 400 seriously injured and 535 deaths. This condition is very alarming considering that student as the nation's next generation lose their future due to the accidents. This figure does not include other traffic violations, not having a driver license, not wearing a helmet, driving opposite the direction, those given ticket and verbal reprimand. To reduce traffic accident for young road user, road safety campaigns were organized in many schools in Jakarta. This activity aims to socialize the road safety program to increase road safety awareness among young road users/students including the dissemination of Law No. 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation. Another purpose of this program is to accompany school administrators to set up a School Safe Zone (ZoSS), a location on particular roads in the school environment that are time-based speed zone to set the speed of the vehicle. The purpose of this paper is to promote the road safety campaigns strategies by considering various campaign tools.

scholarly journals TRAFFIC-RELATED MORTALITY IN MOLDOVA

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-147
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Mortality

This article analyses the mortality caused by road accidents in Moldova depending on the degree of involvement of pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, drivers and passengers of transport units, depending on age and sex. Results suggest that traffic-related mortality in Moldova has shown an increased incidence among the young and working-age population, where a significant difference between males and females is observed. Among the youth, traffic-related deaths register between 10-27% of the overall mortality in both sexes. The risk exposure of dying in a traffic accident decreases with age and is less significant in the retired ages. During the years 1998-2015, avoidance of trafficrelated deaths would have assured an increase in life expectancy between 0.40-0.56 years in males, and 0.09-0.23 years in females. The continuous increase in the number of transport units on public roads, as well as in the number of hours spent in traffic, influences the degree of exposure to the risk of death or injury as a result of road traffic accidents. Trauma resulting from road accidents increases the incidence of premature mortality and disability among the population, which is reflected by the decrease of healthy life expectancy. It is ascertained that the road accident mortality requires a detailed and comprehensive analysis given the multitude of factors influencing deaths and injuries related to a traffic accident among the population. Thus, in order to improve road safety and reduce mortality incidence among traffic participants, a range of actions has to be implemented by the liable actors, including through the international experience.

scholarly journals Road Traffic Accidents by 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon'-A Study in Faridpur

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
ASMJ Chowdhury ◽  
MS Alam ◽  
SK Biswas ◽  
RK Saha ◽  
AR Mondal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College

Road traffic accidents in Bangladesh have been rapidly increasing with huge mortality through road accidents each year. There are many causes of road accidents in recent years; one important cause is running of locally made improvised three wheelers (flat bed tricycle) in the urban areas and also on the highways, popularly known as 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon'. This prospective study was carried out in Faridpur Medical College Hospital from January through June 2011, to study the accident patients caused by 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon'. Fifty six (12%) patients were of RTA by 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon' out of a total of 468 patients admitted into our hospital during this period. Most patients (41, 73.21%) were male, highest accidents (24, 42.86%) were observed among 21-30 years age group and most victims (33, 58.93%) were belonged to low socioeconomic status. Commonest (31, 55.36%) victims were passengers of 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon' while maximum number of accidents (46, 82.14%) took place in the urban areas and on the highways. Injury pattern of victims were similar to that found in any other road accident patients. These three wheelers 'Nasimon' and 'Karimon' are run in violating of Bangladesh Motor Vehicles Act (1983) as they are totally unfit for plying on the highways. Strict surveillance against these illegal and risky vehicles on the highways and in the urban areas by law enforcing agencies is required as a measure to reduce the burden of road accidents in our country.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v7i1.10289Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2012;7(1): 06-09

THE PRODUCTION AND PREDICTION OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-168
Author(s):  
Yuval Shilony
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Road Users ◽  
On The Road

Traffic accidents are a painful and costly affliction all over the world. The discussion and debate over the most effective measures to adopt to enhance road safety is often based on folk theories and is not free of private interests and pressures. Road traffic is a complicated system of interactions providing transportation services.  Unfortunately, in conjunction with these services, traffic accidents, an awful public bad, are produced. The purpose of this paper is to study the production relationship, for inter-city transportation, between the physical factors, i.e., highways and vehicles, and traffic accidents. The upshot is prediction ability of accidents in any given road segment, existing or planned. The regretful aspect of roads runs counter to conventional wisdom which, failing to appreciate the quantitative relationship between roads and accidents, often advocates building more and wider roads as the remedy.  The empirically substantiated public bad property of roads, by way of production functions for traffic accidents, is useful for public policy, concerning the investment in highways versus other forms of transportation, such as rail.  They also promote better understanding of traffic accidents and their data and the methodology allows testing hypotheses relating to safety policy. This study sheds light on the enigma of the long-term decline in the probability of death on the road, as observed in many countries, by attributing it to the rising traffic density. The estimation also sheds light on the accident-externality imposed by road users on others. The results suggest that for inter-city roads the risk of fatal and severe accidents is over-internalized by road users as the marginal effect of traffic flow is smaller than the average.

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