PRECISION FARMING AS AN ELEMENT OF THE 4.0 INDUSTRY ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol XXII (3) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Bogdan Klepacki
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Technological Knowledge ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Near Future

The study attempts to determine the place of precision farming in Poland, in conditions of the emergence of new megatrends in a globalizing, digital society and the economy entering the industry 4.0 era. The understanding of the concept of megatrends by various authors, their main types, as well as the basic technologies relevant to the 4.0 economy are presented. The concept and scope of precision farming as well as the necessary conditions and benefits of its use are briefly discussed. It was found that at present, the dissemination of solutions of this agriculture in Poland is still limited. This is due, inter alia, to the small share of large-scale farms (especially large agricultural land), which is a condition for obtaining favorable economic effects from using this form of farming. Progressive improvement in the area structure of agricultural enterprises, the growing concentration of production in them and the relatively lower prices of machinery and equipment for precision farming will, however, be conducive to its expansion in scope. The technological knowledge of producers is also improving. Therefore, it can be expected that the importance of this type of farming will increase in the near future.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF AGRICULTURAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION DATABASE OF ROSTOV REGION IN THE PRECISION FARMING SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Lyashkov ◽  
◽  
Yu. Yu. Ariskina ◽  
A. V. Slabunova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Rostov Region

Purpose: increasing the efficiency of monitoring the land resources state and managing fertility using a geoinformation database in precision farming. Materials and Methods: the basis for filling the agricultural geoinformation database of Rostov region (SHGBD RO) was the archival data of various scientific and design institutes from 1976 to 2020. The soil reclamation surveys data (particle size distribution, agrochemical, physicochemical and water-physical indicators) were used, as well as materials of large-scale soil reclamation surveys carried out on the reconstructed irrigation systems and irrigation areas. Results: the developed system is intended to provide the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia and subordinate organizations with operational, relevant and reliable information on agricultural land and provide agricultural producers with reliable information on the content of humus, phosphorus and potassium in various points of the agricultural field. The developed database provides collection, storage, replenishment, documents formation, processing and presentation analytical information used in decision-making in the field of state monitoring to users and directly by agricultural producers. Conclusions: SHGBD RO proposed by the authors for the implementation. will not only solve the problems of state lands monitoring, but also satisfy the needs of agricultural producers in the implementation of differentiated fertilization, which will make it possible to reduce the cost of fertilizers and subsequently increase the production profitability.

scholarly journals Einstellungen von Landwirten und Naturschutzverbänden zu Kurzumtriebsplantagen | Attitudes of farmers and nature conservation associations to short-rotation coppice

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (6) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance Skodawessely ◽  
Thomas Glaser ◽  
Jürgen Pretzsch ◽  
Peter A. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Short Rotation Coppice ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Positive Attitudes

The large-scale establishment of short-rotation coppice requires widespread acceptance of all stakeholders concerned, depending on positive attitudes towards short-rotation coppice. Of special importance are the decision makers of agricultural enterprises as they are the ones who determine the use of their land property. The attitudes of nature conservation associations influence the current condition of opinions on short-rotation coppice in society. Based on two surveys with a low number of farmers and including members of the nature conservation associations of the regions Freiberg (Saxony) and Schradenland (Brandenburg), attitudes were assessed towards short-rotation coppice and their management on agricultural land. These surveys had explorative character and the results do not allow any generalisation. It shows that economic and technological aspects are the most relevant to farmers. Concerns of nature conservation associations refer primarily to ecological points of view. The obtained results form the basis for further surveys, which will follow representative sampling.

The Problems of Investment and Crediting of the Ukrainian Agricultural Enterprises at the Level of Macroeconomics: Foreign Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Tetyana Reshytko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Private Investments

The article deals with the problems of financial support to the agricultural producers in Ukraine, which mostly perform from their own resources, which is insufficient for self-financing. This fact makes agricultural enterprises hope for support from the state and presupposes the development of banking and partnership forms of crediting. The framework of state support to agricultural producers and the implementation of private investments in the development of agricultural enterprises are revealed. There have been given the examples of successful private investments, which provide not only the manufacturing of high quality products, but also the employment of farmers. The main directions of financial support for production and employment of the rural population in the EU member states are shown. The need to create a favorable investment climate in the agricultural and non-agricultural spheres, in the development of rural areas is indicated. It has been investigated that radical changes are required to establish the positive dynamics of investment processes. First of all, it concerns the introduction of a real market for agricultural land, which will stop the outflow of investors from the industry, expand the banks’ interest in financing agriculture, and allow direct and legal involvement of these lands in the investment process. In order to solve the problem of rural residents’ employment, there is a need to improve the investment climate in the agricultural and non-agricultural spheres. In this regard, the experience of developed countries is interesting, where investment by the state budget is an important factor in social reproduction, a source of modernization and expansion of fixed capital, a means of stimulating its accumulation. The establishing of financial support for social infrastructure in rural areas will stop the reduction and closure of social facilities, increase the range and quality of services, improve the living conditions of farmers, promote small business, create additional jobs and reduce the migration of productive rural forces to cities and abroad. The problem of investment support to the development of agriculture and rural areas is large-scale, nationwide, and requires the consolidation of efforts of all levels and spheres of production, society, public authorities and economic management.

scholarly journals Development of robotics technologies in agriculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 05004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Mashkov ◽  
Vasyliy Rubtsov ◽  
Ivan Rubtsov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Agricultural Robotics ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Modern Technologies

The assessment of the resource potential of agriculture of the Russian Federation was given. The main factors that determine a more complete use of the potential available in the industry were defined. The conditions for the introduction of modern technologies of “Precision farming" were described. The heterogeneous composition of the group maintenance of agricultural land was identified. The stages of development of robotics technologies in agriculture are considered. The problematic technology of unmanned agriculture was given. The socio-economic effects that can be achieved when implementing the proposed measures are described. The vector of development of agricultural robotics was given.

scholarly journals The state of production and marketing of agrarian products by agricultural enterprises of Lviv region

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (92) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
R. Komaniak
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Livestock Products

In this publication the research of activity of one of the important components of the subjects of agrarian, namely: functioning of agricultural enterprises, was conducted. These organizational and economic structures in the agrarian sector of the economy have fallen in the early stages of the implementation of agrarian reforms in Ukraine (at the end of the 20th century). This is the result of unwarranted transformations in agriculture.  In modern conditions, and they began in the early 21st century, there are dynamic processes of the revival of large-scale agricultural production, based on which agricultural enterprises.  It is these organizational and economic structures of the Lviv region that underlies the preparation and writing of this article. The presentation of the research results was conducted in a certain logical publication. The introduction substantiates the relevance of the chosen topic of studying its significance for the further development of agrarian production, it is indicated in the selection of research activities of agricultural enterprises of Lviv region during 2000–2017. The specific effects of the research are reflected in the numerical indicators in tabular forms. Thus, in particular, shows the volumes of production for the above-mentioned years and its share in its total volumes in the Lviv region.  The above information gives grounds to assert that the agricultural enterprises of Lviv region dynamically increase the absolute indicators of gross production of agrarian products in general and in sectoral terms in particular.  The publication presents data on the level of use of agricultural land by investigated subjects of economic activity. There are also positive changes and indicators of production of agrarian products per 100 hectares of agricultural land are much higher than in the farms of the population, which in the Lviv region is the dominant form of management.  The volumes of sales of agricultural products by agricultural enterprises are presented in the natural indices for its main types, which also have a strong tendency to increase, with the exception of some types of livestock products. The publication also presents the dynamics of changes in prices for the represented types of crop and livestock products, and at the same time we note that in order to establish certain patterns of their changes, it is necessary to carry out separate studies on the functioning of the price mechanism in the agrarian sector of the economy. Conclusions are derived from the results of the study and are specific.  Their implementation should ensure the growth of production and implementation of agricultural products by agricultural enterprises of Lviv region in such quantities that would ensure the domination of these organizational and economic structures in the agrarian sector of the economy.

Partnerships Generate Co-Benefits in Agricultural Stream Restoration (Canterbury, New Zealand)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Febria ◽  
Maggie Bayfield ◽  
Kathryn E. Collins ◽  
Hayley S. Devlin ◽  
Brandon C. Goeller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Riparian Management ◽  
Scale Change ◽  
Large Scale Change

In Aotearoa New Zealand, agricultural land-use intensification and decline in freshwater ecosystem integrity pose complex challenges for science and society. Despite riparian management programmes across the country, there is frustration over a lack in widespread uptake, upfront financial costs, possible loss in income, obstructive legislation and delays in ecological recovery. Thus, social, economic and institutional barriers exist when implementing and assessing agricultural freshwater restoration. Partnerships are essential to overcome such barriers by identifying and promoting co-benefits that result in amplifying individual efforts among stakeholder groups into coordinated, large-scale change. Here, we describe how initial progress by a sole farming family at the Silverstream in the Canterbury region, South Island, New Zealand, was used as a catalyst for change by the Canterbury Waterway Rehabilitation Experiment, a university-led restoration research project. Partners included farmers, researchers, government, industry, treaty partners (Indigenous rights-holders) and practitioners. Local capacity and capability was strengthened with practitioner groups, schools and the wider community. With partnerships in place, co-benefits included lowered costs involved with large-scale actions (e.g., earth moving), reduced pressure on individual farmers to undertake large-scale change (e.g., increased participation and engagement), while also legitimising the social contracts for farmers, scientists, government and industry to engage in farming and freshwater management. We describe contributions and benefits generated from the project and describe iterative actions that together built trust, leveraged and aligned opportunities. These actions were scaled from a single farm to multiple catchments nationally.

Cost- und Monitoring-Projekt: Zwei neue forstliche Meinungsumfragen im Vergleich | The Cost- and Monitoring-Projects: A Comparison of Two New Forestry Opinion Polls

2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Wild-Eck ◽  
Willi Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Forest Economics ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Federal Institute ◽  
Swiss Confederation ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Opinion Polls

Two large-scale surveys looking at attitudes towards forests, forestry and forest policy in the second half ofthe nineties have been carried out. This work was done on behalf of the Swiss Confederation by the Chair of Forest Policy and Forest Economics of the Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) in Zurich. Not only did the two studies use very different methods, but the results also varied greatly as far as infrastructure and basic conditions were concerned. One of the main differences between the two studies was the fact that the first dealt only with mountainous areas, whereas the second was carried out on the whole Swiss population. The results of the studies reflect these differences:each produced its own specific findings. Where the same (or similar) questions were asked, the answers highlight not only how the attitudes of those questioned differ, but also views that they hold in common. Both surveys showed positive attitudes towards forests in general, as well as a deep-seated appreciation ofthe forest as a recreational area, and a positive approach to tending. Detailed results of the two surveys will be available in the near future.

Phosphorus Leaching Under Cut Grassland

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Turner ◽  
P. M. Haygarth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Significant Mechanism ◽  
Total P

Phosphorus (P) transfer from agricultural land to surface waters can contribute to eutrophication, excess algal growth and associated water quality problems. Grasslands have a high potential for P transfer, as they receive P inputs as mineral fertiliser and concentrates cycled through livestock manures. The transfer of P can occur through surface and subsurface pathways, although the capacity of most soils to fix inorganic P has meant that subsurface P transfer by leaching mechanisms has often been perceived as negligible. We investigated this using large-scale monolith lysimeters (135 cm deep, 80 cm diameter) to monitor leachate P under four grassland soil types. Leachate was collected during the 1997–98 drainage year and analysed for a range of P fractions. Mean concentrations of total P routinely exceeded 100 μg l−1 from all soil types and, therefore, exceeded P concentrations above which eutrophication and algal growth can occur. The majority of the leachate P was in algal-available Mo-reactive (inorganic) forms, although a large proportion occurred in unreactive (organic) forms. We suggest that subsurface transfer by leaching can represent a significant mechanism for agricultural P transfer from some soils and must be given greater consideration as a potential source of diffuse P pollution to surface waters.

“Community Interests” and the Role of International Law in the Creation of a Global Market for Agricultural Land

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen von Bernstorff
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Food Sovereignty ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Land Grab ◽  
Large Scale Land ◽  
The One

The chapter explores the notion of “community interests” with regard to the global “land-grab” phenomenon. Over the last decade, a dramatic increase of foreign investment in agricultural land could be observed. Bilateral investment treaties protect around 75 per cent of these large-scale land acquisitions, many of which came with associated social problems, such as displaced local populations and negative consequences for food security in Third World countries receiving these large-scale foreign investments. Hence, two potentially conflicting areas of international law are relevant in this context: Economic, social, and cultural rights and the principles of permanent sovereignty over natural resources and “food sovereignty” challenging large-scale investments on the one hand, and specific norms of international economic law stabilizing them on the other. The contribution discusses the usefulness of the concept of “community interests” in cases where the two colliding sets of norms are both considered to protect such interests.

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