scholarly journals APPLICATION OF AGRICULTURAL GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION DATABASE OF ROSTOV REGION IN THE PRECISION FARMING SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Lyashkov ◽  
◽  
Yu. Yu. Ariskina ◽  
A. V. Slabunova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Rostov Region

Purpose: increasing the efficiency of monitoring the land resources state and managing fertility using a geoinformation database in precision farming. Materials and Methods: the basis for filling the agricultural geoinformation database of Rostov region (SHGBD RO) was the archival data of various scientific and design institutes from 1976 to 2020. The soil reclamation surveys data (particle size distribution, agrochemical, physicochemical and water-physical indicators) were used, as well as materials of large-scale soil reclamation surveys carried out on the reconstructed irrigation systems and irrigation areas. Results: the developed system is intended to provide the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia and subordinate organizations with operational, relevant and reliable information on agricultural land and provide agricultural producers with reliable information on the content of humus, phosphorus and potassium in various points of the agricultural field. The developed database provides collection, storage, replenishment, documents formation, processing and presentation analytical information used in decision-making in the field of state monitoring to users and directly by agricultural producers. Conclusions: SHGBD RO proposed by the authors for the implementation. will not only solve the problems of state lands monitoring, but also satisfy the needs of agricultural producers in the implementation of differentiated fertilization, which will make it possible to reduce the cost of fertilizers and subsequently increase the production profitability.

PRECISION FARMING AS AN ELEMENT OF THE 4.0 INDUSTRY ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol XXII (3) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Bogdan Klepacki
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Technological Knowledge ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Near Future

The study attempts to determine the place of precision farming in Poland, in conditions of the emergence of new megatrends in a globalizing, digital society and the economy entering the industry 4.0 era. The understanding of the concept of megatrends by various authors, their main types, as well as the basic technologies relevant to the 4.0 economy are presented. The concept and scope of precision farming as well as the necessary conditions and benefits of its use are briefly discussed. It was found that at present, the dissemination of solutions of this agriculture in Poland is still limited. This is due, inter alia, to the small share of large-scale farms (especially large agricultural land), which is a condition for obtaining favorable economic effects from using this form of farming. Progressive improvement in the area structure of agricultural enterprises, the growing concentration of production in them and the relatively lower prices of machinery and equipment for precision farming will, however, be conducive to its expansion in scope. The technological knowledge of producers is also improving. Therefore, it can be expected that the importance of this type of farming will increase in the near future.

Actual state and prospects of redevelopment of irrigated lands of Omsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Boyko ◽  
Artem Timohin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
Agriculture And Food

In the Omsk region in the 60s of the last century, the problems of providing animals with feeds led to large-scale work to strengthen the material and technical base of the reclamation complex. Over 20 years (1970 to 1990), the area of irrigated land increased from 4 to 115 thousand ha. According to the data of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Management Omskmeliovodkhoz in the Omsk Region as of December 31, 2017, arable lands are considered irrigated – 78864 hectares, while no more than 8 thousand hectares are actually irrigated. Almost 33 thousand hectares of this area cannot be restored for various reasons, and overhaul is required on an area of more than 34 thousand hectares. The reclamation industry is being restored thanks to the targeted subprogram «Development of Land Reclamation for Agricultural Land». This requires the coordinated work of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Omsk Region, agricultural producers and the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Management» Omskmeliovodkhoz «with scientific support for the industry. This requires the coordinated work of the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of the Omsk Region, agricultural producers and the Federal State Budgetary Institution «Management «Omskmeliovodkhoz» with scientific support for the industry.

PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF DIGITALIZATION IN THE AGRARIAN SECTOR OF SIBERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1384-1389
Author(s):  
N.A. Shavsha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology

The article discusses the results of the digital technologies development in the pilot one and other agrarian regions of the Siberian Federal District. Individual farms and enterprises of the Altai Territory are mastering precision farming, using unmanned aerial vehicles, and performing remote interaction with government agencies. A large-scale work on the digitalization of information on agricultural land was carried out in the Kemerovo region, some of this data was provided to the Ministry of Agriculture for compiling electronic maps and the federal information system on agricultural land. Equipping the agricultural machines with digital systems allows the farmers of the Novosibirsk Region and the Krasnoyarsk Territory to rationalize the consumption of available resources and to increase the efficiency of agricultural production. The development of an electronic platform by Omsk scientists will make online sales of goods and services available to agricultural producers. Testing a combine harvester with artificial intelligence technology on agricultural land in the Tomsk region showed the capabilities of unmanned vehicle control. Despite the positive results of applying digital technologies in agriculture in Siberia, there are some difficulties for their widespread distribution. The greatest problems are associated with an undeveloped cellular network in certain territories, an imperfect infrastructure for high-speed data transmission, a lack of sufficient funds for small businesses, and a lack of qualified specialists.

scholarly journals Technical Configurations of a Helicopter Type Unmanned Aerial System for Pesticide and Fertilizer Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
L. A. Marchenko ◽  
M. V. Myzin ◽  
I. V. Kuznetsov ◽  
A. Yu. Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Farming System ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Precision Farming ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Control Panel ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Unmanned Aerial System ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Aerial Systems

It was noted that when forming the configurations of an unmanned aerial system for pesticide and fertilizer application, it is necessary to take into account the interdependence of unmanned and ground-based aerial systems. (Research purpose) To develop the configurations of an unmanned aerial system for pesticide and fertilizer application. (Materials and methods) The authors used Methodological recommendations on the use of chemicals in the precision farming system (VIM), regulatory and technical documentation for unmanned aerial systems. (Results and discussion) The authors developed a flowchart of the algorithm for forming the configurations of a helicopter type unmanned aerial system for fertilizer and pesticide application, including the formation of both unmanned and ground-based aerial systems. The authors calculated the aerodynamic characteristics of an unmanned coaxial rotor aircraft with a take-off weight of 280 kilograms and a payload of 100 kilograms. A modular-designed sprayer was offered. The authors substantiated the structure of the ground-based aerial complex in the form of a mobile transporter-tanker with a basic transport platform, lifting and transporting and refueling modules, and a universal ground control panel for the pilot-operator. (Conclusions) The authors formed reasonable configurations of a helicopter type unmanned aerial system for pesticide and fertilizer differentiated application in the precision farming system. Aircraft performance limitations were identified for the application of fertilizers and pesticides by a helicopter type unmanned aerial vehicle: the payload of at least 100 kilograms, the operating altitude of 1.0-1.5 meters when bypassing the agricultural field topography and avoiding possible obstacles, the operating airspeed kept below 60 kilometers per hour, automatic take-off and landing on a limited area, autoflight at the speed of 60 kilometers per hour at a one meter altitude in a tacking mode. It was showed that the static ceiling margin, without taking the earth influence into account, with a 280-kilogram flight mass, is 1300 meters, which allows flying in mountainous areas, for example, for the treatment of vineyards with pesticides.

The Problems of Investment and Crediting of the Ukrainian Agricultural Enterprises at the Level of Macroeconomics: Foreign Experience

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Tetyana Reshytko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Private Investments

The article deals with the problems of financial support to the agricultural producers in Ukraine, which mostly perform from their own resources, which is insufficient for self-financing. This fact makes agricultural enterprises hope for support from the state and presupposes the development of banking and partnership forms of crediting. The framework of state support to agricultural producers and the implementation of private investments in the development of agricultural enterprises are revealed. There have been given the examples of successful private investments, which provide not only the manufacturing of high quality products, but also the employment of farmers. The main directions of financial support for production and employment of the rural population in the EU member states are shown. The need to create a favorable investment climate in the agricultural and non-agricultural spheres, in the development of rural areas is indicated. It has been investigated that radical changes are required to establish the positive dynamics of investment processes. First of all, it concerns the introduction of a real market for agricultural land, which will stop the outflow of investors from the industry, expand the banks’ interest in financing agriculture, and allow direct and legal involvement of these lands in the investment process. In order to solve the problem of rural residents’ employment, there is a need to improve the investment climate in the agricultural and non-agricultural spheres. In this regard, the experience of developed countries is interesting, where investment by the state budget is an important factor in social reproduction, a source of modernization and expansion of fixed capital, a means of stimulating its accumulation. The establishing of financial support for social infrastructure in rural areas will stop the reduction and closure of social facilities, increase the range and quality of services, improve the living conditions of farmers, promote small business, create additional jobs and reduce the migration of productive rural forces to cities and abroad. The problem of investment support to the development of agriculture and rural areas is large-scale, nationwide, and requires the consolidation of efforts of all levels and spheres of production, society, public authorities and economic management.

scholarly journals Smart Farm Assist Robot

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Obstacle Detection ◽  
Raspberry Pi ◽  
Small Class ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Seed Sowing ◽  
Agricultural Operations ◽  
User Friendly

Autonomy in agriculture is the need of the hour in today’s world. Advancements in technology have made it possible to design autonomous systems that carry out their intended operations efficiently, without any human intervention. However, most farmers still carry out agricultural operations manually using simple and conventional tools like a wooden plough, sickle, etc. Large-scale mechanization and autonomous systems are affordable only by medium and large class farmers who possess more than 2.00 hectares of agricultural land. Marginal and small-class farmers find it difficult in managing the workforce at an affordable cost. A user-friendly cost-effective approach will be a valuable support system for this sector. This paper proposes a novel design of a seed sowing robot with two operating modes; manual control by the operator and remote operation through GPS. The proposed seed sowing bot extracts the features of the agricultural field under consideration and adopts the optimal speed for seed sowing. Parameters like temperature, humidity, and soil moisture, which are pivotal in carrying out agricultural operations are measured by the use of different sensors embedded in the robot. Arduino ATMEGA2560 controls the locomotion of the bot and Raspberry Pi is used for image classification and obstacle detection. Sunset and the presence of rain are detected and the corresponding feasible actions are programmed to be followed by the robot automatically. A user-friendly mobile application has been developed to issue commands to the robot. The robot intends to reduce human efforts and provide intelligent aid to marginal and small class farmers while being affordable.

Partnerships Generate Co-Benefits in Agricultural Stream Restoration (Canterbury, New Zealand)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Febria ◽  
Maggie Bayfield ◽  
Kathryn E. Collins ◽  
Hayley S. Devlin ◽  
Brandon C. Goeller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystem ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Riparian Management ◽  
Scale Change ◽  
Large Scale Change

In Aotearoa New Zealand, agricultural land-use intensification and decline in freshwater ecosystem integrity pose complex challenges for science and society. Despite riparian management programmes across the country, there is frustration over a lack in widespread uptake, upfront financial costs, possible loss in income, obstructive legislation and delays in ecological recovery. Thus, social, economic and institutional barriers exist when implementing and assessing agricultural freshwater restoration. Partnerships are essential to overcome such barriers by identifying and promoting co-benefits that result in amplifying individual efforts among stakeholder groups into coordinated, large-scale change. Here, we describe how initial progress by a sole farming family at the Silverstream in the Canterbury region, South Island, New Zealand, was used as a catalyst for change by the Canterbury Waterway Rehabilitation Experiment, a university-led restoration research project. Partners included farmers, researchers, government, industry, treaty partners (Indigenous rights-holders) and practitioners. Local capacity and capability was strengthened with practitioner groups, schools and the wider community. With partnerships in place, co-benefits included lowered costs involved with large-scale actions (e.g., earth moving), reduced pressure on individual farmers to undertake large-scale change (e.g., increased participation and engagement), while also legitimising the social contracts for farmers, scientists, government and industry to engage in farming and freshwater management. We describe contributions and benefits generated from the project and describe iterative actions that together built trust, leveraged and aligned opportunities. These actions were scaled from a single farm to multiple catchments nationally.

Scientific-methodological approach to the substantiation of the rational seasonal scenario of using combine harvesters by large-scale agricultural producers

2020 ◽  
pp. 205-217
Author(s):  
V. Skibchyk ◽  
V. Dnes ◽  
R. Kudrynetskyi ◽  
O. Krypuch
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Production Unit ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Combine Harvesters

Аnnotation Purpose. To increase the efficiency of technological processes of grain harvesting by large-scale agricultural producers due to the rational use of combine harvesters available on the farm. Methods. In the course of the research the methods of system analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, system-factor and system-event approaches, graphic method were used. Results. Characteristic events that occur during the harvesting of grain crops, both within a single production unit and the entire agricultural producer are identified. A method for predicting time intervals of use and downtime of combine harvesters of production units has been developed. The roadmap of substantiation the rational seasonal scenario of the use of grain harvesters of large-scale agricultural producers is developed, which allows estimating the efficiency of each of the scenarios of multivariate placement of grain harvesters on fields taking into account influence of natural production and agrometeorological factors on the efficiency of technological cultures. Conclusions 1. Known scientific and methodological approaches to optimization of machine used in agriculture do not take into account the risks of losses of crops due to late harvesting, as well as seasonal natural and agrometeorological conditions of each production unit of the farmer, which requires a new approach to the rational use of rational seasonal combines of large agricultural producers. 2. The developed new approach to the substantiation of the rational seasonal scenario of the use of combined harvesters of large-scale agricultural producers allows taking into account the costs of harvesting of grain and the cost of the lost crop because of the lateness of harvesting at optimum variants of attraction of additional free combine harvesters. provides more profit. 3. The practical application of the developed road map will allow large-scale agricultural producers to use combine harvesters more efficiently and reduce harvesting costs. Keywords: combine harvesters, use, production divisions, risk, seasonal scenario, large-scale agricultural producers.

Phosphorus Leaching Under Cut Grassland

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. Turner ◽  
P. M. Haygarth
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
P Fractions ◽  
Inorganic P ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Significant Mechanism ◽  
Total P

Phosphorus (P) transfer from agricultural land to surface waters can contribute to eutrophication, excess algal growth and associated water quality problems. Grasslands have a high potential for P transfer, as they receive P inputs as mineral fertiliser and concentrates cycled through livestock manures. The transfer of P can occur through surface and subsurface pathways, although the capacity of most soils to fix inorganic P has meant that subsurface P transfer by leaching mechanisms has often been perceived as negligible. We investigated this using large-scale monolith lysimeters (135 cm deep, 80 cm diameter) to monitor leachate P under four grassland soil types. Leachate was collected during the 1997–98 drainage year and analysed for a range of P fractions. Mean concentrations of total P routinely exceeded 100 μg l−1 from all soil types and, therefore, exceeded P concentrations above which eutrophication and algal growth can occur. The majority of the leachate P was in algal-available Mo-reactive (inorganic) forms, although a large proportion occurred in unreactive (organic) forms. We suggest that subsurface transfer by leaching can represent a significant mechanism for agricultural P transfer from some soils and must be given greater consideration as a potential source of diffuse P pollution to surface waters.

Legislative tools in the Czech watershed management policy

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
J. Holas ◽  
M. Konvicková
Keyword(s):  
Watershed Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Running Water ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Law System ◽  
Water Quality Regulations

Potential environmental impacts as a result of large-scale farming system in the Czech Republic have created a great deal of concern in recent years. This concern has led to several studies to identify the role of new regulations, directives and other legislative issues in the field of water pollution control. The set of legislative tools related to watershed management policy to promote better agricultural practices is shortly reviewed. The paper emphasises the running water law system amendment with respect to European community water quality regulations.

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