scholarly journals Creating New Rural Communitas: The Case of China Taiwan’s Rural Regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-255
Author(s):  
Li Wenqi ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Community Members ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Government Power ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Internal Relations ◽  
The Common

Traditional sociological theory explains that a rural community is an enclosed unit. China’s fast modernization and urbanization, however, display a rather different phenomenon, where rural communities are changing into open communities, which face the dual task of rebuilding internal relations and expanding external resources. Based on this background and practical cognition, the theoretical framework of the ‘new rural communitas’ is proposed, which expands the common enclosed relationships in traditional rural communities into new, open co-construction relationships with endogenous power as core, government power as support, and social power as coordination, emphasizing the full cooperation of these three types of power. On the basis of the theory, this article employs the practice of the rural regeneration policy in Taiwan as an empirical case, and analyzes how these three types of power affect and cooperate with each other. Furthermore, interviews have been conducted with local community members, government officers, and social participants in three communities in Taiwan to give examples of three different types of new rural communitas. Finally, several suggestions toward constructing new rural communitas are discussed.   Abstrak. Teori tradisional dalam sosiologi menjelaskan bahwa komunitas perdesaan adalah unit yang tertutup. Modernisasi dan urbanisasi cepat yang terjadi di China menampilkan fenomena yang sedikit berbeda, dimana komunitas perdesaan berubah menjadi komunitas yang terbuka yang menghadapi tugas ganda membangun kembali hubungan internal dan memperluas sumber daya eksternal. Berdasarkan latar belakang dan kognisi praktis ini, kerangka teoritis ‘komunitas perdesaan baru’ diusulkan, sehingga dapat memperluas hubungan tertutup bersama dalam komunitas perdesaan tradisional menjadi hubungan ko-kontruksi baru yang terbuka dengan kekuatan endogen sebagai inti, kekuatan pemerintah sebagai pendukung, dan kekuasaan social sebagai koordinasi serta menekankan kerjasama penuh dari ketiga jenis kekuasaan tersebut. Berdasarkan teori tersebut, artikel ini menggunakan praktik kebijakan regenerasi perdesaan di Taiwan sebagai kasus empiris, dan menganalisis bagaimana ketiga jenis kekuasaan ini saling mempengaruhi dan bekerja sama. Selanjutnya, wawancara telah dilakukan dengan anggota masyarakat setempat, pejabat pemerintah, dan peserta sosial di tiga komunitas di Taiwan untuk memberikan contoh tiga jenis komunitas perdesaan baru yang berbeda. Akhirnya, beberapa  saran untuk membangun komunitas perdesaan baru juga dibahas.   Kata kunci. Komunitas perdesaan, komunitas, regenerasi perdesaan, Cina, Taiwan.

scholarly journals Mobile Archivists: Outreach on the Go!

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Catherine Hannula ◽  
Jennifer Barth
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
The North ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Rich

Despite the rich histories of rural communities in northern Wisconsin, accessibility to professional archivists is limited at best. The North Woods Tour project in Wisconsin focused on empowering local residents to preserve historical materials themselves, by teaching them basic archival methods relating to a variety of formats through personal archiving workshops. Led by Amy Sloper, head archivist at the Wisconsin Center for Film and Theater Research, three Wisconsin archivists created and implemented the project, visiting three rural northern Wisconsin communities and working with 30 local community members. This report examines their planning process and attendee response. Additionally, it argues that, in some cases, materials might be best preserved within the context of their creation.

Collaborative Psychosocial Capacity Building in Northern Uganda

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne Corbin ◽  
Joshua Miller
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Psychosocial Needs ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Training Of Trainers

Armed conflicts affect an increasing number of children and families worldwide. War-torn communities often require external resources to address the overwhelming psychosocial needs during and after such violence. This article provides information about a psychosocial training-of-trainers (TOT) program designed by a team of United States and Ugandan practitioners to enhance the knowledge and skills of local community members providing psychosocial support. The conceptual framework of collaboration was used to analyze the work of the TOT facilitators and participants, and identify implications for continued efforts. Discussions among facilitators and between facilitators and participants were essential to developing shared goals, exchanging knowledge and skills, and integrating Western concepts of psychosocial healing with non-Western approaches to individual and community healing.

scholarly journals Rurality and education relations: Metro-centricity and local values in rural communities and rural schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Beach ◽  
Monica Johansson ◽  
Elisabet Öhrn ◽  
Maria Rönnlund ◽  
Rosvall Per-Åke
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Schools ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Educational Implications ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Residual Space ◽  
Rural Context ◽  
Different Parts

Based on ethnographic fieldwork in six different types of rural area and their schools in different parts of Sweden, this article identifies how rural schools relate to the local place and discusses some of the educational implications from this. Recurrent references to the local community were present in some schools and people there explicitly positioned themselves in the local rural context and valorised rurality positively in education exchanges, content and interactions, with positive effects on young people’s experiences of participation and inclusion. These factors tended to occur in sparsely populated areas. An emphasis on nature and its value as materially vital in people’s lives was present as was a critique of middle-class metrocentricity. Such values and critique seemed to be absent in other areas, where rurality was instead often represented along the metrocentric lines of a residual space in modernizing societies.

scholarly journals Yumi Piksa – Developing a community-responsive way of filmmaking in Melanesia

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Local Community ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Community Relations ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Arts Based Research ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Transnational Media ◽  
The University

This article explores the collaborative application of media and arts-based research practices involving students from the University of Goroka (Papua New Guinea) as co-researchers. It critically examines the processes of developing a community-responsive approach to filmmaking in order to challenge preconceived notions of media and research practice in Papua New Guinea. The analysis draws on results from a film workshop run at the University of Goroka over a duration of six weeks through which a team designed a Melanesian approach to filmmaking practice. The research study found that stereotypical perceptions and understandings of Papua New Guinea communities could be challenged by respectful and community-responsive ways of making films involving local community members. It presents filmmaking as creating a meaningful space for exploring community relations and practices. Papua New Guinean co-researchers acted to bridge dialogue between rural communities, media technologies and the national and transnational media sphere.

Community narratives and local impacts of invasion in the Eastern Cape: A critical invasion ethnography of black wattle

2021 ◽  
pp. 251484862110208
Author(s):  
Jules M Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Black Wattle ◽  
Local Impacts ◽  
Complex Knowledge ◽  
Dual Objectives

Since 1995, the South African government has spearheaded a national invasive species campaign known as the Working for Water Program with the dual objectives of invasive species eradication and rural development. This national narrative on invasive species reflects a politicized research agenda and a wealth of material resources directed toward eradication, yet does not accurately portray the reality of invasion at the village level. In particular, Acacia mearnsii de Wild, or the black wattle tree, is classified as one of the worst invasive species in South Africa and a primary target for Working for Water, yet represents an important livelihood resource for rural communities and impacts community members differentially. To better understand these local rural realties, I use a critical invasion science approach to interrogate the local experiences and narratives of black wattle invasion in a rural pastoral community in the Eastern Cape. Within this community, local understandings and impacts of black wattle are nuanced, spatially variable, and reflect complex knowledge politics and political economies. As invasion research moves to incorporate the human and local dimension of invasion for improved policy, it is imperative to fully consider this differentiation of perspectives and impacts within the local community.

scholarly journals Common Challenges Faced By Rural Principals: A Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane P. Preston ◽  
Brittany A. E. Jakubiec ◽  
Robin Kooymans
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
School Leadership ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Educational Leaders ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Principal Candidates ◽  
Vice Principals ◽  
Rural Settings ◽  
Rural Principals

Within this article, we thematically present common challenges associated with the role of the rural principal. In this literature review, we delimit our search to work published from 2003–2013. A limitation of this study is that it represents data predominantly from American, Canadian, and Australian rural settings, restricting a global applicability of results. Findings highlight that many rural principal candidates face a hiring disadvantage if they do not have a historical connection with the community advertising a position. Additional challenges include juggling diverse responsibilities, lack of professional development and resources, gender discrimination, and issues surrounding school accountability and change. This information is beneficial for researchers, policymaker, senior educational leaders, principals, vice-principals, teachers, parents, and community members interested in school leadership within rural communities. We conclude that to be successful, rural principals must be able to nimbly mediate relations within the local community and the larger school system.  

scholarly journals Cooperation for Renewal of Local Cultural Heritage in Rural Communities: Case Study of the Night of Legends in Latvia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-383
Author(s):  
Līga Paula ◽  
Dace Kaufmane
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Active Involvement

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to describe the phenomenon of the Night of Legends in Latvia particularly focusing on the case of manors in Jelgava county. This event aims to preserve and promote local cultural heritage by active involvement of local community members and visitors (individuals, amateur groups, local businesses, schools, etc.). Thematic activities in manors and palaces are targeted to raise interest and cooperation, what in turn extends the tourist season. The event is organized by the Latvian Association of Castles, Palaces and Manors. The paper includes an analysis of the event’s offer in the context of preservation of cultural heritage as well as interviews with tourism specialists from Jelgava county, particularly involved in organizing the Night of Legends.

scholarly journals SOCIAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL COMMUNITY BASED ON SOCIAL NETWORKING ACTIVITIES IN LITHUANIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judita KASPERIŪNIENĖ ◽  
Ilze IVANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Capital Development

The scholar literature on simultaneous using of social capital explore knowledge and identity resources as well as actions and interactions benefiting the community through personal bonds of individuals; issues of common trust; and adapting the current understanding in new situations. In this article, we instead examine rural community influence on social capital building of adult person in a virtual community. A quantitative survey was done in 246 local rural communities in Lithuania which reflected their community activities on a virtual basis. From the data of 500 informants we found that rural community (human social network) members were also active in the virtual communities. Research participants from rural communities expressed their will to be the part of a virtual community and virtually solve various local community issues. Active members of virtual communities actively participated in live community activities. Local community members peer-learned while sharing knowledge and experience in virtual communities. We argue that belonging to a virtual community inspire rural community members to train their virtual and live communication skills and peer-learn. Virtual community could contribute to self-regulated learning by stimulating sense of sociality and identity of rural community members. Virtual community could operate as self-regulated learning space for rural community members. Social capital development would be more intensive when the members of rural community actively engage in social communication, cooperation and exchange of information, and mentor each other. This survey highlights the virtual community influence the social capital building of rural community members in Lithuanian context.

scholarly journals Populismos del norte y del sur: incorporación vs. defensa social

2020 ◽  
pp. 411-426
Author(s):  
Carlos H. Waisman
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Open Market ◽  
The South ◽  
State Capitalism ◽  
The North ◽  
Government Power ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Common ◽  
The One

En gran parte de Europa Occidental y Central, partidos políticos caracterizados como “populistas” son, o están pasando a ser, competidores principales por el poder. Ante esta situación el artículo pretende, por un lado, proponer una tipología de regímenes o programas institucionales populistas, con énfasis en las propiedades comunes de los distintos tipos. Por otro lado, discutir sus contextos generativos y plantear dos proposiciones: i) que es muy probable que la configuración de factores conducentes al populismo se convierta en estable en el Norte y sigan siendo recurrente en el Sur; y ii) que la probabilidad de institucionalización más o menos permanente de estos regímenes sea mayor en el Sur que en el Norte, por la robustez diferencial de las instituciones políticas republicanas. En definitiva, tanto el capitalismo como las instituciones políticas democráticas estarán sujetos a fortísimas presiones, dando como resultado que, junto con formas novedosas de economía abierta de mercado y de democracia republicana, se institucionalicen en muchos países variedades del capitalismo de estado y el autoritarismo electivo. Si esta hipótesis es correcta, los regímenes populistas serán, por lo tanto, solo transicionales. In a large parte of Western and Central Europe, political parties characterized as «populists» are, or are becoming, major competitors for government power. Given this situation, the article intends, on the one hand, to propose a typology of populist institutional regimes or programs, with emphasis on the common properties of the different types. On the other hand, discuss their generative contexts, and propose two propositions: i) that it is very likely that the configuration of factors conducive to populism will become stable in the North and remain recurrent in the South; and, ii) that the probability of more or less permanent institutionalization of these regimes is greater in the South than in the North, due to the differential robustness of the republican political institutions. Ultimately, both capitalism and democratic political institutions will suffer of strong pressures. As a result, together with innovative forms of open market economy and republican democracy, new kinds of state capitalism and elective authoritarianism will be instituzionalized in many countries. If this hypothesis is correct, populist regimes will therefore be only transitional.

scholarly journals MIGRANTS AS BROKERS OF FOOD HERITAGE MAKING: A CASE STUDY OF THE BARIO FOOD AND CULTURAL FESTIVAL IN BORNEO, SARAWAK, MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (57) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Mognard ◽  
Laurence Tibère ◽  
Poline Bala ◽  
Jean-Pierre Poulain
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Members ◽  
External Resources ◽  
Cultural Brokers ◽  
Political Configuration ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cultural Cohesion

The communities’ ability to control heritage has been questioned and analysed in a broader perspective of socio-cultural cohesion and power. However, a research gap exists regarding the capabilities developed by the indigenous communities to collectively empower themselves by appropriating external resources such as research and development projects. To address this gap, we investigate the Kelabit socio-political configuration related to food heritage through the lens of the anthropology of brokers. The empirical basis of this contribution includes participant observation of the 11th edition of the Bario Food and Cultural Festival (Borneo, Sarawak, Malaysia) as well as semi-structured interviews with the Kelabit community members – local, diaspora and counter diaspora – and representatives of tourism and heritage. Overall, our findings unveil networked food heritage practices with outside agents and notably national and global academic institutions. Consequently, the analysis reveals the trans-identity capabilities of the Kelabit migrants in interfacing the local community with a range of stakeholders - and more specifically research networks – thereby adopting the role of cultural brokers. In doing so, the Kelabit people contribute to the intricate co-production of the definition of the Kelabit food heritage.

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