scholarly journals SOCIAL CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL COMMUNITY BASED ON SOCIAL NETWORKING ACTIVITIES IN LITHUANIA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judita KASPERIŪNIENĖ ◽  
Ilze IVANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Capital Development

The scholar literature on simultaneous using of social capital explore knowledge and identity resources as well as actions and interactions benefiting the community through personal bonds of individuals; issues of common trust; and adapting the current understanding in new situations. In this article, we instead examine rural community influence on social capital building of adult person in a virtual community. A quantitative survey was done in 246 local rural communities in Lithuania which reflected their community activities on a virtual basis. From the data of 500 informants we found that rural community (human social network) members were also active in the virtual communities. Research participants from rural communities expressed their will to be the part of a virtual community and virtually solve various local community issues. Active members of virtual communities actively participated in live community activities. Local community members peer-learned while sharing knowledge and experience in virtual communities. We argue that belonging to a virtual community inspire rural community members to train their virtual and live communication skills and peer-learn. Virtual community could contribute to self-regulated learning by stimulating sense of sociality and identity of rural community members. Virtual community could operate as self-regulated learning space for rural community members. Social capital development would be more intensive when the members of rural community actively engage in social communication, cooperation and exchange of information, and mentor each other. This survey highlights the virtual community influence the social capital building of rural community members in Lithuanian context.

Effects of social capital on online knowledge sharing: positive and negative perspectives

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiu-Ping Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Relationship Continuity ◽  
Complementary Resources

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual model of how both the benefits and risks of social capital influence online knowledge sharing among virtual community members towards enhancing members’ relationship continuity and virtual community reputations. In addition, this study addresses the effects of complementary resources on knowledge sharing. Design/methodology/approach – The structural equation modelling approach was applied to estimate the conceptual model by using survey data from virtual community members. A total of 626 valid questionnaires were collected. Findings – The empirical results showed that most of the research hypotheses were supported. The benefits of social capital and complementary resources have a positive effect on knowledge sharing, thereby strengthening relationship continuity and community reputation. Furthermore, the risk of social capital has a negative effect on knowledge sharing, as expected. Originality/value – A review of the literature reveals a lack of studies focusing on both the positive and negative influences of social capital on online knowledge sharing. This study therefore contributes to a comprehensive perspective for understanding online knowledge sharing in virtual communities.

The Effects of Network Ties on Relational Social Capital and Knowledge Contribution in Virtual Local Community

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Sutanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Network Ties ◽  
Actual Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Contribution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

It is widely established that the levels of generalized trust, norms of reciprocity, and identification (collectively known as relational social capital) in a virtual community have a positive effect on a member’s motivation to contribute knowledge in the community. However, little is known on the antecedents of such relational social capital. This study longitudinally investigates the effects of the strength of network ties on the development of relational social capital in a virtual local community in a Southeast Asia country. It also empirically validates the relationship between relational social capital and actual knowledge contribution. Analyzing 98 community members, the author found that the formation of weak ties is significant on the members’ sense of identification with the community, which in turn positively affects their volume of knowledge contributed in the community.

scholarly journals Association of Structural Social Capital and Self-Reported Well-Being among Japanese Community-Dwelling Adults: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8284
Author(s):  
Kazuya Nogi ◽  
Haruhiko Imamura ◽  
Keiko Asakura ◽  
Yuji Nishiwaki
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Community Activities ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Structural Social Capital

Previous studies have shown both positive and non-positive associations between social capital and health. However, longitudinal evidence examining its comprehensive effects on well-being is still limited. This study examined whether structural social capital in the local community was related to the later well-being of Japanese people aged 40 or above. A 3.6-year longitudinal study was conducted in a rural Japanese town. “Well-being” was measured using three indicators (happiness, self-rated health, and depressive symptoms), and those who were high in well-being in the baseline 2015 survey and responded to the follow-up 2018 survey were analyzed (n = 1032 for happiness, 938 for self-rated health, and 471 for depressive symptoms). Multilevel Poisson regression analysis adjusted for covariates showed that having contact with fewer neighbors was associated with a decline in happiness at both the community level (adjusted relative risk = 1.64, 95% confidence interval = 1.20–1.63) and the individual level (adjusted relative risk = 1.51, 95% confidence interval = 1.05–2.17), but participation in local community activities was not. The results suggest that dense personal networks might be more important in areas with thriving local community activities, not only for individuals but also for all community members.

scholarly journals Working with community researchers to enhance rural community engagement around Private Water Supplies: an exploration of the benefits and challenges

2020 ◽  
pp. 146879412097888
Author(s):  
Rachel Creaney ◽  
Mags Currie ◽  
Paul Teedon ◽  
Karin Helwig
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Community Engagement ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Duty Of Care ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Employment Opportunities

This project employed community researchers as a means of improving community engagement around their Private Water Supplies (PWS) in rural Scotland. In this paper, we reflect on working with community researchers in terms of the benefits and challenges of the approach for future rural research that seeks to improve community engagement. The paper (1) critiques the involvement of community researchers for rural community engagement, drawing on the experiences in this project and (2) provides suggestions for good practice for working with community researchers in rural communities’ research. We offer some context in terms of the role of community members in research, the importance of PWS, our approach to community researchers, followed by the methodological approach and findings and our conclusions to highlight that community researchers can be beneficial for enhancing community engagement, employability, and social capital. Future community researcher approaches need to be fully funded to ensure core researchers can fulfil their duty of care, which should not stop when data collection is finished. Community researchers need to be supported in two main ways: as continuing faces of the project after the official project end date and to transfer their newly acquired skills to future employment opportunities.

scholarly journals Local Institutional Role Analysis Of Economic Condition Of Multiethnic Rural Community In Bonegunu District North Buton Regency

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Zessy Ardinal Barlan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Community Values ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Local Institution ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Irrigation Channels

Indonesia is famous for its diverse ethnicity. This ethnic diversity affects the diversity of community values in building interactions. People build interaction one of them to meet the needs of his life, so that people in general use institutional as a container to interact with each other in accordance with prevailing norms and values. The most primary needs of the community is to meet the needs of food and board clothing. Institutions that meet this need are economic institutions. The formulation of the problem of this research are (1) How is local institution developing in multiethnic rural community in Bonegunu Sub-district of North Buton Regency ? (2) What is the economic condition of multiethnic rural community in Bonegunu Sub-district of North Buton Regency ? and (3) How is the Institutional Role local in improving the economy of multiethnic rural communities in Bonegunu Sub-district of North Buton Regency ? This research is a qualitative research with purposive informant selection technique. The result of this research is the local institution that developed in Bonegunu Sub-district that is Customary Institution. Bonegunu Sub-district generally has high potential of rice fields. However, this potential has not been utilized properly due to the absence of adequate irrigation channels. Therefore, people use social capital and kinship relationships that exist between them. In addition, the consensus is built between ethnic groups also make multiethnic communities can together to solve economic problems without losing their identity.Keywords: Ethnicity, Poverty, Social Capital---------------------------------ABSTRAKIndonesia terkenal dengan keragaman etnisnya. Keragaman etnis ini mempengaruhi keragaman nilai-nilai masyarakat dalam membangun interaksi. Orang membangun interaksi salah satunya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya, sehingga orang pada umumnya menggunakan kelembagaan sebagai wadah untuk berinteraksi satu sama lain sesuai dengan norma dan nilai yang berlaku. Kebutuhan utama masyarakat adalah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan makanan, pakaian, dan papan. Lembaga yang memenuhi kebutuhan ini adalah lembaga ekonomi. Kabupaten Buton Utara merupakan kabupaten baru yang mekar dari kabupaten induknya yaitu kabupaten buton pada tahun 2007. Adanya kebijakan transmigrasi di Kabupaten Buton, membuat kabupaten ini memiliki masyarakat yang sangat heterogen. Terkait dengan keberagaman masyarakat Buton Utara akibat adanya kebijakan transmigrasi maka menarik untuk melihat bagaimana peran kelembagaan dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat? Merujuk hal tersebut, rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana institusi lokal berkembang di masyarakat pedesaan multietnis di Bonegunu Kecamatan Kabupaten Buton Utara?, (2) Bagaimana kondisi ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan multietnis di Kecamatan Bonegunu Kabupaten Buton Utara ?, dan (3) Bagaimana Peran Kelembagaan dalam meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat pedesaan multietnis di Bonegunu Kecamatan Kabupaten Buton Utara ?. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik pemilihan informan purposive. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah institusi lokal yang berkembang di Kecamatan Bonegunu yang merupakan Lembaga Adat. Kecamatan Bonegunu umumnya memiliki potensi sawah yang tinggi. Namun, potensi ini belum dimanfaatkan dengan baik karena tidak adanya saluran irigasi yang memadai. Karena itu, orang menggunakan modal sosial dan hubungan kekeluargaan yang ada di antara mereka. Selain itu, konsensus yang dibangun antar kelompok etnis juga membuat komunitas multietnis dapat bersama-sama memecahkan masalah ekonomi tanpa kehilangan identitasnya.Kata Kunci: Etnisitas, Kemiskinan, Modal Sosial

Virtual Hate Communities in the 21st Century

2011 ◽  
pp. 34-53
Author(s):  
Glenn T. Tsunokai ◽  
Allison R. McGrath
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Interactive Media ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Using Data ◽  
And Function

Technological innovations in computer-mediated communication have helped hate groups to transform themselves into virtual communities. Likeminded individuals are now able to unite from all parts of the globe to promote hatred against visible minorities and other out-groups. Through their online interactions, a sense of place is often created. In this chapter, we explore the content and function of online hate communities. Since bigotry tends to be the cornerstone of virtual hate communities, we highlight the legal debate surrounding the regulation of Internet hate speech; in particular, we address the question: Does the First Amendment protect virtual community members who use the Internet to advocate hate? Next, using data collected from the largest hate website, Stormfront.org, we also investigate how Stormfront members utilize interactive media features to foster a sense of community. Finally, we direct our attention to the future of online hate communities by outlining the issues that need to be further investigated.

Online Communities and Community Building

2011 ◽  
pp. 2893-2898
Author(s):  
Martin C. Kindsmüller ◽  
Sandro Leuchter ◽  
Leon Urbas
Keyword(s):  
Online Community ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Bulletin Boards ◽  
Real Community ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Tacit Assumptions

“Online community” is one of today’s buzzwords. Even though superficially it is not hard to understand, the term has become somewhat vague while being extensively used within the e-commerce business. Within this article, we refer to online community as being a voluntary group of users who partake actively in a certain computer-mediated service. The term “online community” is preferred over the term “virtual community,” as it denotes the character of the community more accurately: community members are interacting online as opposed to face to face. Furthermore, the term “virtual community” seems too unspecific, because it includes other communities that only exist virtually, whereas an online community in our definition is always a real community in the sense that community members know that they are part of the community. Nevertheless, there are other reasonable definitions of online community. An early and most influencing characterization (which unfortunately utilizes the term “virtual community”) was coined by Howard Rheingold (1994), who wrote: “…virtual communities are cultural aggregations that emerge when enough people bump into each other often enough in cyberspace. A virtual community is a group of people […] who exchanges words and ideas through the mediation of computer bulletin boards and networks” (p. 57). A more elaborated and technical definition of online community was given by Jenny Preece (2000), which since then, has been a benchmark for developers. She stated that an online community consists of four basic constituents (Preece, 2000, p. 3): 1. Socially interacting people striving to satisfy their own needs. 2. A shared purpose, such as interest or need that provides a reason to cooperate. 3. Policies in the form of tacit assumptions, rituals, or rules that guide the community members’ behavior. 4. A technical system that works as a carrier that mediates social interaction. Not explicitly mentioned in this characterization but nevertheless crucial for our aforementioned definition (and not in opposition to Preece’s position) is voluntary engagement.

Virtual Communities and Social Capital Theory

2011 ◽  
pp. 493-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Ridings
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Community Context ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
Civic Group

Imagine a neighborhood where young children can play freely in the streets and various backyards without direct parental oversight, the implication being that other adults in the vicinity will watch out for the children. If a parent is late getting home before the school bus, the children know which neighbors’ house to go to and will be well cared for until the parent arrives home. The residents are very willing to help each other, perhaps by moving a sofa down to a basement or lending a ladder for a project. In such a neighborhood, the first place one turns to for recommendations for plumbers, dry cleaners, and preschools, or perhaps to borrow a tool, is each other. Perhaps one person has secured a job for a neighbor’s daughter, and another family has “paved the way” for their neighbor’s entry into a country club. If a person has a need for emotional support to deal with a personal crisis, she turns to a neighbor. Such a neighborhood can be said to have social capital—that resource that comes from relations between people that makes lives more productive and easier. Social capital is not only created from groups of people living in very close proximity, such as in a neighborhood. It might be created between people belonging to the same church or civic group, or perhaps between people who met at a hospital support group for a particular affliction, or people who are alumni of a particular university. These groups of people can be said to constitute communities, or gatherings of people who have common interests or ties. In the past, these communities tended also to be focused in a local geographic area. This article will examine social capital in the context on online communities. Online communities, like physically based communities such as church groups or neighborhoods, can also be said to produce social capital for their members. These virtual communities can create and foster social capital—and indeed, it may be social capital that draws and retains their members. The background of social capital theory will be examined and then applied in the virtual community context.

scholarly journals The Impact of Virtual Communities on Cultural Identity

Symposion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Radoslav Baltezarevic ◽  
Borivoje Baltezarevic ◽  
Piotr Kwiatek ◽  
Vesna Baltezarevic ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Virtual Communities ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The emergence of the Internet and various forms of virtual communities has led to the impact of a new social space on individuals who frequently replace the real world with alternative forms of socializing. In virtual communities, new ‘friendships’ are easily accepted; however, how this acceptance influences cultural identity has not been investigated. Based on the data collected from 443 respondents in the Republic of Serbia, authors analyze this connexion, as well as how the absorption of others’ cultural values is reflected on the local cultural values. The results show that the adoption of others’ cultural values diminished the bond with the local community. The present paper adds to the theory of virtual communities by examining the relationship between the acceptance of an unknown person in a virtual community and its effects on cultural identity. This study contributes to the clarification of the impact that virtual networking has on cultural identity.

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