scholarly journals Den herre språkdama på de derre tekstlabben

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Kristin Melum Eide ◽  
Marit Julien ◽  
Tor Erik Jenstad

Complex demonstratives consist of a definite element (in Norwegian e.g. den or sa) followed by a deictic element which can be proximal (‘here’) or distal (‘there’). In Norwegian there is much variation in complex demonstratives, in particular in the dialects. Many dialects have demonstrative systems that differ considerably from the systems found in the standard varieties Nynorsk and Bokmål. Some systems make more distinctions than the standard varieties, for example nominative and dative case, or different forms for deictic and anaphor-ic reference, whereas other systems make fewer distinctions than the standard varieties, for example with an invariant deictic element that does not agree with the head noun in gender and number. We illustrate these systems using older and newer corpus data from different parts of the country. Our focus is however on dialects from Central Norway.

Nordlyd ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. pp ◽  
Author(s):  
Øystein Alexander Vangsnes

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Cambria; font-size: small;">This paper presents a survey of Faroese <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">wh</em>-nominals, in particular (i) the <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hv&oslash;r N</em> construction, (ii) the <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hvat fyri (ein) N</em> construction, and (iii) the <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hvat slag av N.<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">dat</span> </em>construction. The first construction involves a <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">wh</em>-item which is used both pronominally, corresponding to English <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">who </em>and <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">what</em>, and adnominally, corresponding to English <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">which, what (N)</em>, and <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">what kind of</em>. The second construction is the Faroese version of the <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">was f&uuml;r/what for</em> construction, including versions with and without an indefinite article and with and without both the preposition (<em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">fyri</em>) and the indefinite article (i.e. a &ldquo;bare <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">what</em>&rdquo; construction). The last construction involves an overt <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">kind </span>noun which must be followed by the preposition <em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">av </em>&lsquo;of&rsquo; which in turn assigns dative case to the main/head noun. The survey is based on data collected during the NORMS fieldwork in the Faroe Islands in August 2008, focusing on a number of morphosyntactic issues as well as the semantic distinction between <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">kind </span>and <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">token </span>interpretation. The various findings on Faroese are compared to data on other varieties of Germanic, in particular the North Germanic ones.</span></span></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-312
Author(s):  
Reidar Veland
Keyword(s):  

In contemporary Romanian, adjectives of the tough class combined with a verbal supine are said to be invariable . This article uses corpus data to show that while this is on the whole true for adjectives in the plain form, it is not true for superlatives, which agree with the noun they refer to in more than 40 per cent of the cases . It is also shown that superlative tough adjectives occur much more often in prenominal position than do tough adjectives in the plain form . They are, however, more prone to appear after the head noun than superlatives in general . Superlatives of the type in question can also split around the noun they modify, as can other types of superlative constructions with a complement . The possibility for a tough adjective in the plain form to appear before the noun when followed by a supine complement is, however, a unique feature for this type of AP.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 13-32
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Voloshina

In this paper, the semantic roles expressed by the Dative case in Modern Russian and Old Church Slavonic are described in terms of radial categories. The corpus data shows that the radial category of the Dative case has changed since Old Church Slavonic. The radial category in Modern Russian is smaller, and it includes fewer subcategories than attested in Old Church Slavonic. The change of the category prototype could explain the changes in the category of the Dative case. Recipient is postulated to be the prototype of the Dative case category in Modern Russian, while Direction appeared to be the best prototype for Old Church Slavonic data.


Author(s):  
O. I. Nika

The article discusses morphological phenomena in the Nobel Gospel, the written monument from Polissia dating back to 1520. The monument was copied out in Church Slavonic with some features of the vernacular primarily exhibited in phonetics and orthography. The study attempts to reveal the morphological phenomena that characterize the impact of the vernacular and contribute to broader language variation in the manuscript. It describes some of the morphological phenomena in different parts of speech (the noun, the adjective, the verb). Morphological features are compared in different parts of the monument: the four Gospels and the afterword. The latter contains the synthetic perfect form. The study examines language contamination observed in the combination of phonetic features of Church Slavonic and morphological features of the Ukrainian language such as the final -мо/-мw in verbs. It is essential to take into account the Second South Slavic Influence on the morphological characteristics of the text, e.g. orthographic change of о -w in the endings -ови/-wâè of masculine singular nouns in the dative case or in the final -мо/-мw of the first person plural verbs in the present tense. The study demonstrates that the text morphology is influenced by orthographic and phonetic variants h – è, h – å typical of the language continuum in Polissia. The article explains the interaction between the hard and soft types of declension in singular masculine nouns in the dative case under the condition that nouns with the former base in *jǒ acquire secondary flections -ови/-wâè. To characterize the morphological features of the Ruthenian variant of Church Slavonic, the Nobel manuscript was compared with the monuments of the same confession dating from the previous period of the 14th–15th centuries. A comparison with the Peresopnytsia Gospel, which is a translation into the Ruthenian (Old Ukrainian) language performed in Volyn, dating from the middle of the 16 century, gives grounds to confirm the conclusion about partial morphological changes in the Church Slavonic Gospel from Nobel and systemic features of the Ukrainian language represented in the translation from Persopnytsia.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Ashwini Ganeshan

Abstract In Spanish reverse-psychological verbs, the experiencer argument can have accusative or dative case marking. Transitivity-based approaches identify different factors that influence this accusative-dative alternation(Miglio, Viola G., Stefan T Gries, Michael J Harris, Eva M Wheeler & Santana-Paixão Raquel. A strong predictor for accusative case marking in Spanish r-psych verbs is the animacy of the stimulus. However, there are also instances where the stimulus is inanimate and the experiencer is case marked accusative. In this paper, I provide an analysis of such instances, drawing on corpus data and native speaker judgments. I argue that agentivity, measured on a scale, is a factor that better accounts for the accusative-dative alternation exhibited by Spanish reverse-psychological verbs. I first propose a definition of agentivity and diagnostics for it; then I present evidence that there is a correlation between higher degrees of agentivity and accusative case marking and lower degrees of agentivity and dative case marking. The agentivity scale presented is not unconditional as there are several factors that contribute to case marking. Nevertheless, the agentivity scale accounts for accusative case marking with inanimates and also serves to highlight some parallels between causative verbs and reverse-psychological verbs.


Author(s):  
Virginia TASSINARI ◽  
Ezio MANZINI ◽  
Maurizio TELI ◽  
Liesbeth HUYBRECHTS

The issue of design and democracy is an urgent and rather controversial one. Democracy has always been a core theme in design research, but in the past years it has shifted in meaning. The current discourse in design research that has been working in a participatory way on common issues in given local contexts, has developed an enhanced focus on rethinking democracy. This is the topic of some recent design conferences, such PDC2018, Nordes2017 and DRS2018, and of the DESIS Philosophy Talk #6 “Regenerating Democracy?” (www.desis-philosophytalks.org), from which this track originates. To reflect on the role and responsibility of designers in a time where democracy in its various forms is often put at risk seems an urgent matter to us. The concern for the ways in which the democratic discourse is put at risk in many different parts of the word is registered outside the design community (for instance by philosophers such as Noam Chomsky), as well as within (see for instance Manzini’s and Margolin’s call Design Stand Up (http://www.democracy-design.org). Therefore, the need to articulate a discussion on this difficult matter, and to find a common vocabulary we can share to talk about it. One of the difficulties encountered for instance when discussing this issue, is that the word “democracy” is understood in different ways, in relation to the traditions and contexts in which it is framed. Philosophically speaking, there are diverse discourses on democracy that currently inspire design researchers and theorists, such as Arendt, Dewey, Negri and Hardt, Schmitt, Mouffe, Rancière, Agamben, Rawls, Habermas, Latour, Gramsci, whose positions on this topic are very diverse. How can these authors guide us to further articulate this discussion? In which ways can these philosophers support and enrich design’s innovation discourses on design and democracy, and guide our thinking in addressing sensitive and yet timely questions, such as what design can do in what seems to be dark times for democracy, and whether design can possibly contribute to enrich the current democratic ecosystems, making them more strong and resilient?


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 257-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirzad Azad

In spite of her troubled presidency at home and premature, ignominious exit from power, Park Geun-hye made serious attempts to bolster the main direction of the Republic of Korea’s (ROK) foreign policy toward the Middle East. A collaborative drive for accomplishing a new momentous boom was by and large a dominant and recurring theme in the Park government’s overall approach to the region. Park enjoyed both personal motivation as well as politico-economic justifications to push for such arduous yet potentially viable objective. Although the ROK’s yearning for a second boom in the Middle East was not ultimately accomplished under the Park presidency, nonetheless, the very aspiration played a crucial role in either rekindling or initiating policy measures in South Korea’s orientation toward different parts of a greater Middle East region, extending from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) to Morocco.


1968 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 308-312
Author(s):  
Ronald G. Elmslie ◽  
Nanette Harvey

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-224
Author(s):  
Raymond C. Mellinger ◽  
Jalileh A. Mansour ◽  
Richmond W. Smith

ABSTRACT A reference standard is widely sought for use in the quantitative bioassay of pituitary gonadotrophin recovered from urine. The biologic similarity of pooled urinary extracts obtained from large numbers of subjects, utilizing groups of different age and sex, preparing and assaying the materials by varying techniques in different parts of the world, has lead to a general acceptance of such preparations as international gonadotrophin reference standards. In the present study, however, the extract of pooled urine from a small number of young women is shown to produce a significantly different bioassay response from that of the reference materials. Gonadotrophins of individual subjects likewise varied from the multiple subject standards in many instances. The cause of these differences is thought to be due to the modifying influence of non-hormonal substances extracted from urine with the gonadotrophin and not necessarily to variations in the gonadotrophins themselves. Such modifying factors might have similar effects in a comparative assay of pooled extracts contributed by many subjects, but produce significant variations when material from individual subjects is compared. It is concluded that the expression of potency of a gonadotrophic extract in terms of pooled reference material to which it is not essentially similar may diminish rather than enhance the validity of the assay.


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