Effect of Transportation at High Ambient Temperatures on Physiological Responses, Carcass and Meat Quality Characteristics in Two Age Groups of Omani Sheep

Objective: Meat quality characteristics and sensory attributes were evaluated in three age groups (12, 18, and 24 mo) of one-humped camels of the Saudi Arabian Najdi breed.Methods: Thirty-six male camels (12 for each age group) were used. The <i>Longissimus dorsi</i> muscle from each carcass was divided into three parts and subjected to three ageing periods (1, 5, or 10 d) and evaluated for shear force, myofibril fragmentation index (MFI), expressed juice, cooking loss, and sensory attributes.Results: Age had a significant effect on shear force, MFI, expressed juice quantity, and organoleptic properties. Camels slaughtered at 12 mo exhibited lower shear force and MFI, and higher expressed juice quantity, tenderness, juiciness, and overall acceptability than those slaughtered at 24 mo. Ageing had a significant influence on shear force, MFI, expressed juice quantity, but not on cooking loss. Camel meat aged for 10 d exhibited significantly lower shear force values and expressed juice quantity, and significantly higher MFI compared to that aged for 1 d. However, ageing did not significantly affect sensory attributes, except for tenderness, in camels slaughtered at 18 mo.Conclusion: Both instrumental and sensory evaluations showed that young camel meat has desirable quality characteristics, with superior tenderness and juiciness.

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Effect of Merino sheep age on consumer sensory scores, carcass and instrumental meat quality measurements

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an17337 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 59 (7) ◽

pp. 1349 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Pannier ◽

G. E. Gardner ◽

D. W. Pethick

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Effect ◽

Eating Quality ◽

High Quality ◽

Merino Sheep ◽

Longissimus Lumborum ◽

Quality Measurements ◽

Two Age Groups

Slower growing Merino sheep often miss the lamb category and become yearlings. Yet, they may still produce meat of acceptable eating quality, thus opening the opportunity to develop high quality yearling products. Consumer sensory differences (tenderness, overall liking, juiciness, liking of flavour and liking of odour) of grilled wet-aged (5 days) steaks from the M. longissimus lumborum (LL) and M. semimembranosus (SM) derived from wether lamb (n = 185; average age 355 days) and wether yearling (n = 206; average age 685 days) Merinos were tested. Additionally, the age effect on carcass and instrumental meat quality traits was analysed. Lambs were born in 2009 and 2010 at two research sites (Kirby, Katanning), and yearlings were born in 2009 at five research sites (Kirby, Cowra, Rutherglen, Struan, Katanning). On average within each muscle, yearlings had lower scores for all sensory attributes (P < 0.01) compared to lambs. Lambs versus yearlings born in the same year and reared at the same research site had greater sensory differences within the SM (P < 0.01), up to 10.0 eating quality scores more for tenderness. In contrast, the LL samples had almost no significant differences between the two age groups. A portion of the differences in overall liking and liking of flavour scores was explained by intramuscular fat. Yearlings were slightly heavier (P < 0.01) but leaner (P < 0.01), compared to lambs, and yearling meat colour was darker (P < 0.01). While the results generally supported the better eating quality of lamb, they demonstrated a very acceptable yearling LL eating quality, and showed the smaller impact of age on the LL muscle in Merinos. Hence, the development of a high quality yearling product for the LL muscle is possible.

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PSX-5 Duration of preslaughter stress in winter on physiological responses and meat quality in goats

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skaa278.797 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽

pp. 457-458

Author(s):

Aditya Naldurtiker ◽

Phaneendra Batchu ◽

Zaira Estrada-Reyes ◽

Brou Kouakou ◽

Thomas H Terrill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Quality Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Physiological Status ◽

Differential Leukocyte Count ◽

Ambient Temperatures ◽

Muscle Ph

Abstract Transportation conditions can significantly affect physiological status and meat quality in goats. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of duration of preslaughter stress on physiological responses and meat quality in goats. Fifty-four uncastrated male Spanish goats (8-mo old; BW = 29.7 ± 2.03 kg) were randomly subjected to one of three treatments (n = 18 goats/treatment): (i) transported for 3 h, (ii) transported for 30 min, or (iii) held in pens (control) on two different days. The ambient temperatures were -3.0 ± 1.0 ºC and 1.0 ± 1.0 ºC on day 1 and 2, respectively. Blood samples were collected before (covariate) and after transport for differential leukocyte count and plasma cortisol concentration determinations. Goats were slaughtered using humane procedures for meat quality analysis. Data were analyzed using PROC GLM in SAS with treatment and day as factors. Cortisol concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) in both 3 h (117.7 ± 7.96 ng/mL) and 30 min (130.1 ± 8.05 ng/mL) transported groups compared to the control group (27.5 ± 7.59 ng/mL). Lymphocyte counts were lower (P < 0.01) in 3 h group compared to the other two groups, and the overall counts were also lower (P < 0.05) on day 1 compared to day 2. The initial Longissimus muscle pH (15 min) was lower on day 1 (6.79 ± 0.04) compared to day 2 (6.94 ± 0.05) and the final pH (24 h) was higher on day 1 (6.31 ± 0.04) than on day 2 (6.14 ± 0.04). Treatment did not influence live or carcass weights, nor did it affect the L*, a*, and b* values of loin chops. The results indicate that ambient temperature during transport may be more important in determining stress responses and muscle pH decline than duration of transportation in goats during winter.

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Concordance of Glucose-Based and of HbA1c-Based Diagnoses of Diabetes in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease—A Comparison between Two Age Groups

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-1522-p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 1522-P

Author(s):

CHRISTOPH H. SAELY ◽

ALEXANDER VONBANK ◽

CHRISTINE HEINZLE ◽

DANIELA ZANOLIN ◽

BARBARA LARCHER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Age Groups ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Two Age Groups

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Foundation for the Prevention and Pathological Aspects of Diseases of the Mucous Membranes of the Oral Cavity (Review)

International Journal on Integrated Education ◽

10.31149/ijie.v3i6.392 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (6) ◽

pp. 8-11

Author(s):

Bakaev Zh. N.

Keyword(s):

Oral Cavity ◽

Rural Women ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Southern China ◽

Age Groups ◽

Urban Residents ◽

Volgograd Region ◽

Mucous Membranes ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Two Age Groups

According to the authors, the prevalence of SOPR diseases is from 3 to 20%.In a study of 1573 residents of southern China in two age groups who use tobacco and alcohol, the incidence of SOPR was higher among men living in rural areas compared to urban residents. Among women aged 35-44 years, the incidence was higher in urban women, and in the 65-77-year-old group in rural women. In the course of studies in Brazil, among 335 patients older than 60 years, 646 diseases of the SOPR were identified. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of SOPR diseases in the Volgograd region of the Russian Federation

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Internet Sex discourse and porn viewing by Arab adolescents: The overt and the covert and its impact on their sexual education and behavior (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.11667 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Anat Gesser-Edelsburg ◽

Munawar Abed Elhadi

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Sexual Education ◽

The Internet ◽

Traditional Values ◽

Sexual Discourse ◽

Cultural Taboos ◽

Internet Sex ◽

And Behavior ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Two Age Groups

BACKGROUND Due to the religious proscription, it was found that Arab youths acquire information and view pornography secretly. The internet exposes them to contents that contradict religious and cultural taboos. There are few studies about viewing habits of sexual contents among Arab adolescents and about the way they discuss sexuality. OBJECTIVE to characterize the barriers and difficulties that prevent sexual discourse in Arab society and enable pornography viewing, according to the perceptions of adolescents and mothers. METHODS phenomological qualitative research methods, in-depth interviews with 40 participants. 20 Arab adolescents, sampled by two age groups: 14-16 and 16-18. In addition, 20 mothers of adolescents from both sexes were interviewed. RESULTS The findings indicate that mothers “turn a blind eye” to porn viewing and sexual activity by boys, versus a sweeping prohibition and denial of such behavior by girls. The boys reported viewing porn routinely, whereas girls denied doing so, but admitted that their girlfriends watched porn. The study also found that the boys have guilt feelings during and after the viewing as a result of the clash between modernity and traditional values. CONCLUSIONS It is necessary to find a way to encourage a significant sexual discourse to prevent the violent consequences of its absence in Arab society. A controlled, transparent and critical sexual discourse could help youth make more informed decisions concerning the search for sexual contents, porn viewing and sexual behavior.

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A Reduced Dose Whole Virion Aluminum Adjuvanted Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Is Immunogenic, Safe, and Well Tolerated in Pediatric Patients

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13030500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 500

Author(s):

Zoltan Vajo ◽

Gergely Balaton ◽

Peter Vajo ◽

Peter Torzsa

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Patients ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Age Groups ◽

Aluminum Phosphate ◽

Vaccine Virus ◽

Serious Adverse Events ◽

Reduced Dose ◽

Viral Hemagglutinin ◽

Virus Strains ◽

Two Age Groups

Background: Data suggest that pediatric patients might react differently to influenza vaccination, both in terms of immunity and side effects. We have recently shown that using a whole virion vaccine with aluminum phosphate adjuvants, reduced dose vaccines containing 6 µg of viral hemagglutinin (HA) per strain are immunogenic, and well tolerated in adult and elderly patients. Here we show the results of a multicenter clinical trial of pediatric patients, using reduced doses of a new, whole virion, aluminum phosphate adjuvanted vaccine (FluArt, Budapest, Hungary). Methods: A total of 120 healthy volunteers were included in two age groups (3–11 years, receiving 3 µg of HA per strain, and 12–18 years, receiving 6 µg of HA per strain). We used hemagglutination inhibition testing to assess immunogenicity, based on EMA and FDA licensing criteria, including post/pre-vaccination geometric mean titer ratios, seroconversion and seropositivity rates. Safety and tolerability were assessed using CHMP guidelines. Results: All subjects entered the study and were vaccinated (ITT population). All 120 subjects attended the control visit on Day 21 (PP population). All immunogenicity licensing criteria were met in both age groups for all three vaccine virus strains. No serious adverse events were detected and the vaccine was well tolerated by both age groups. Discussion: Using a whole virion vaccine and aluminum phosphate adjuvants, a reduction in the amount of the viral hemmaglutinin is possible while maintaining immunogenicity, safety and tolerability in pediatric and adolescent patients.

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How (not) to cross a boundary: Crosslinguistic influence in simultaneous bilingual children's event construal

Bilingualism Language and Cognition ◽

10.1017/s1366728921000298 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Helen Engemann

Keyword(s):

Production Process ◽

Age Groups ◽

Boundary Crossing ◽

Bilingual Children ◽

Activation Patterns ◽

Motion Event ◽

Co Activation ◽

Crosslinguistic Influence ◽

Event Construal ◽

Two Age Groups

Abstract Simultaneous bilingual children sometimes display crosslinguistic influence (CLI), widely attested in the domain of morphosyntax. It remains less clear whether CLI affects bilinguals’ event construal, what motivates its occurrence and directionality, and how developmentally persistent it is. The present study tested predictions generated by the structural overlap hypothesis and the co-activation account in the motion event domain. 96 English–French bilingual children of two age groups and 96 age-matched monolingual English and French controls were asked to describe animated videos displaying voluntary motion events. Semantic encoding in main verbs showed bidirectional CLI. Unidirectional CLI affected French path encoding in the verbal periphery and was predicted by the presence of boundary-crossing, despite the absence of structural overlap. Furthermore, CLI increased developmentally in the French data. It is argued that these findings reflect highly dynamic co-activation patterns sensitive to the requirements of the task and to language-specific challenges in the online production process.

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Physiological Responses and Effects on Meat Quality in Reindeer (Rangifer Tarandus) Transported on Lorries

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica ◽

10.1186/bf03547286 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 128-138

Author(s):

I. Haussen ◽

A. Kyrkjebø ◽

P. K. Opstad ◽

R. Prøsch

Keyword(s):

Meat Quality ◽

Rangifer Tarandus ◽

Physiological Responses

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