Identification of Microorganisms by Modern Analytical Techniques

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 1607-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogusław Buszewski ◽  
Agnieszka Rogowska ◽  
Paweł Pomastowski ◽  
Michał Złoch ◽  
Viorica Railean-Plugaru
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Microorganism Identification ◽  
Capillary Zone ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Rapid detection and identification of microorganisms is a challenging and important aspect in a wide range of fields, from medical to industrial, affecting human lives. Unfortunately, classical methods of microorganism identification are based on time-consuming and labor-intensive approaches. Screening techniques require the rapid and cheap grouping of bacterial isolates; however, modern bioanalytics demand comprehensive bacterial studies at a molecular level. Modern approaches for the rapid identification of bacteria use molecular techniques, such as 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing based on polymerase chain reaction or electromigration, especially capillary zone electrophoresis and capillary isoelectric focusing. However, there are still several challenges with the analysis of microbial complexes using electromigration technology, such as uncontrolled aggregation and/or adhesion to the capillary surface. Thus, an approach using capillary electrophoresis of microbial aggregates with UV and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight MS detection is presented.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Identification of Bacteria in Processed Soybean Products

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Furukawa ◽  
Mitsuru Katase ◽  
Kazunobu Tsumura
Keyword(s):  
Laser Desorption ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Laser Desorption Ionization ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Tof Ms

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has recently been demonstrated as a rapid and reliable method for identifying bacteria in colonies grown on culture plates. Rapid identification of food spoilage bacteria is important for ensuring the quality and safety of food. To shorten the time of analysis, several researchers have proposed the direct MALDI-TOF MS tequnics for identification of bacteria in clinical samples such as urine and positive blood cultures. In this study, processed soybean products (total 26 test samples) were initially conducted a culture enrichiment step and bacterial cells were separated from interfering components. Harvested bacterial cells were determined by MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing method. Six processed soybean products (23%) were increased bacterial cells after culture enrichiment step and they were sucessfully obtained the accurate identification results by MALDI-TOF MS-based method without colony formation.

scholarly journals Panbio antigen rapid test is reliable to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection in the first 7 days after the onset of symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Linares ◽  
Ramón Pérez Tanoira ◽  
Juan Romanyk ◽  
Felipe Pérez García ◽  
Peña Gómez-Herruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Infection ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
High Throughput Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is the current recommended laboratory method to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 acute infection, several factors such as requirement of special equipment, time consuming, high cost and skilled staff limit the use of these time-consuming molecular techniques. A more rapid and high-throughput method is in growing demand Methods: Evaluate the performances of the Panbio COVID-19 AG Rapid Test Device (Nasopharyngeal), a rapid immunochromatographic test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen, in comparison to RT-qPCR. Results: The RDT evaluated in this study showed a high sensitivity and specificity in samples mainly obtained during the first week of symptoms and with high viral loads. Conclusions: This assay seems to be an effective strategy for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic for the rapid identification and isolation of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients.

scholarly journals Élelmiszer-biztonsági jelentőségű baktériumok molekuláris detektálásának fejlesztése miniatürizált mikrofluidikai eszközök segítségével

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (51) ◽  
pp. 2082-2088
Author(s):  
Kristóf Iván ◽  
Anna Maráz
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Lab On A Chip ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Detection and identification of food-borne pathogenic bacteria are key points for the assurance of microbiological food safety. Traditional culture-based methods are more and more replaced by or supplemented with nucleic acid based molecular techniques, targeting specific (preferably virulence) genes in the genomes. Internationally validated DNA amplification – most frequently real-time polymerase chain reaction – methods are applied by the food microbiological testing laboratories for routine analysis, which will result not only in shortening the time for results but they also improve the performance characteristics (e.g. sensitivity, specificity) of the methods. Beside numerous advantages of the polymerase chain reaction based techniques for routine microbiological analysis certain drawbacks have to be mentioned, such as the high cost of the equipment and reagents, as well as the risk of contamination of the laboratory environment by the polymerase chain reaction amplicons, which require construction of an isolated laboratory system. Lab-on-a-chip systems can integrate most of these laboratory processes within a miniaturized device that delivers the same specificity and reliability as the standard protocols. The benefits of miniaturized devices are: simple – often automated – use, small overall size, portability, sterility due to single use possibility. These miniaturized rapid diagnostic tests are being researched and developed at the best research centers around the globe implementing various sample preparation and molecular DNA amplification methods on-chip. In parallel, the aim of the authors’ research is to develop microfluidic Lab-on-a-chip devices for the detection and identification of food-borne pathogenic bacteria. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(51), 2082–2088.

Infectious and tropical diseases

2018 ◽  
pp. 381-434
Author(s):  
Drew Provan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Nucleic Acid Detection ◽  
Laboratory Assessment ◽  
Pyrexia Of Unknown Origin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Laboratory Investigations ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Tropics

This is a brief outline of the current clinical and laboratory investigations of patients suffering from infectious diseases, including those from the tropics. It includes clinical and epidemiological assessment of the patient with fever. The appropriate investigations are discussed and cover the wide range of organisms now found in clinical practice via parasitology, mycology, bacteriology, and virology. Understanding of the laboratory techniques available is important in order to guide their rational use and understand their limitations. The techniques range from traditional methods such as microscopy and culture to newer molecular techniques such as MALDI-TOF and nucleic acid detection polymerase chain reaction. The section on clinical investigation in action outlines the approach to the patient with pyrexia of unknown origin. The increasingly important and complex clinical and laboratory assessment of antimicrobial resistance is also outlined, including how the laboratory fits in with this agenda.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis in Birds: Insights into theMycobacterium aviumInfections

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuldeep Dhama ◽  
Mahesh Mahendran ◽  
Ruchi Tiwari ◽  
Shambhu Dayal Singh ◽  
Deepak Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Pet Birds ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
World Organization

Tuberculosis, a List B disease of World Organization for Animal Health, caused byM. aviumorM. genavensepredominantly affects poultry and pet or captive birds. Clinical manifestations in birds include emaciation, depression and diarrhea along with marked atrophy of breast muscle. Unlike tuberculosis in animals and man, lesions in lungs are rare. Tubercular nodules can be seen in liver, spleen, intestine and bone marrow. Granulomatous lesion without calcification is a prominent feature. The disease is a rarity in organized poultry sector due to improved farm practices, but occurs in zoo aviaries. Molecular techniques like polymerase chain reaction combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism and gene probes aid in rapid identification and characterization of mycobacteria subspecies, and overcome disadvantages of conventional methods which are slow, labour intensive and may at times fail to produce precise results.M. avium subsp. aviumwith genotypeIS901+ andIS1245+ causes infections in animals and human beings too. The bacterium causes sensitivity in cattle to the tuberculin test. The paper discusses in brief theM. aviuminfection in birds, its importance in a zoonotic perspective, and outlines conventional and novel strategies for its diagnosis, prevention and eradication in domestic/pet birds and humans alike.

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