scholarly journals O TRABALHO COMO CATEGORIA ONTOLÓGICA: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA OBRA CINEMATOGRÁFICA “EU, DANIEL BLAKE”

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-148
Author(s):  
Luis Henrique Zago ◽  
Neiva Solange Silva ◽  
Allan Alberto Ferreira ◽  
Rodrigo Lima Nunes ◽  
Irineu Aliprando Tuim Viotto Filho

This paper thematizework as an essential category in the human ontological process using as a figurative element of this theme the film "I, Daniel Blake", which is analyzed in the light of dialectical historical materialist theory. Throughout the text we address the relationship between biological and cultural aspects in human formation and development; the role of work as essential in the teleological process of building something not immediately given by nature; the liberating character of this activity which, unlike animals, prey to necessity, enables us to evolve beyond the immediate; the conditions of alienated labor as a threat to this freedom and the impacts of this form of expropriation on subjectivity. We discuss the current precariousness of the living conditions of the working classes. Strangeness as a causative element of conflict and suffering. The film “I Daniel Blake” demonstrates in an artistic way the situation of conflict and suffering experienced by many workers today.

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Fabiana Martins Pinto

O presente estudo analisa a relação entre educação, formação humana e Estado. O recorte histórico abrange a segunda metade do século XX até a contemporaneidade. Entendendo haver forte interligação nesta tríade e indagamo-nos sobre como tem ocorrido a referida relação. Qual o papel do Estado e da educação na formação humana? Quais ideologias têm influenciado o tipo de educação ofertada? A partir deste tema e questionamentos o artigo foi estruturado em quatro seções. Na primeira delas, discutimos sobre como as relações humanas ocorrem na sociedade atual. Após, analisamos o papel assumido pelo Estado perante a economia e as suas influências na educação, perscrutando a formação humana neste processo. Na terceira seção, abordamos o modo como a educação tem sido apropriada por grupos hegemônicos, os quais assumem as técnicas próprias do mercado e os valores da ideologia liberal para organizar a estrutura e as práticas educacionais. Na última seção, abordamos os sentidos dados pelos atores educacionais às suas práticas, dadas as influências externas ao campo educacional. Em meio a essas transformações, os referidos sentidos estão relacionados à capacidade de resposta daqueles sujeitos educacionais. A finalização aponta para o fato de que a tríade educação, Estado e formação humana tem sido ressignificada de forma cíclica, influenciando a direção para a formação humana inscrita nos processos de oferta da educação formal. No contexto complexo de influências liberais e luta pela hegemonia, os reflexos exteriores à essência dessa formação humana podem ser interpretados e adequados para que a educação não seja alterada.Palavras-chave: Formação humana. Educação. Estado. Education, human formation and state in the contemporaneity: brief reflectionsABSTRACTThe present study analyzes the relationship among education, human formation and State. The historical cut spans the second half of the 20th century until the contemporaneity. Understanding that there is a strong interconnection in this triad, we wonder how has been occurring the cited relationship. Which is the role of the State and of the education in the human formation? Which ideologies have been influencing the type of education to be offered? From this theme and questionings, the article was structured in four sections. In the first we report how the human relationships occur in today’s society; in the second, we analyze the role taken by the State in front of the economy and its influences in education, peering the human formation in this process. In the third we approach the way how the education has been appropriated by hegemonic groups, which take their own techniques of the marketing and the values of this liberal ideology to organize the structure and the educational practices. In the last and fourth section, we approach the question of the meanings given by the educational actors to their practices due to external influences and to the educational field. In the midst to these transformations the cited meanings are related to the capacity of answer of those educational subjects. The conclusion points to the fact that the triad – education, State and human formation – has been given new meaning in a cyclic way, influencing the direction to the human formation inscribed in the processes of offer of formal education. In the complex context of liberal influences and fight by hegemony, the external refl exes to the essence of this human formation can be interpreted and suitable in order that the education does not be altered.Keywords: Human formation. Education. State. Educación, formación humana y estado en la contemporaneidad: breves reflexionesRESUMENEl presente estudio analiza la relación entre educación, formación humana y Estado. El recorte histórico abarca desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX hasta la contemporaneidad. Dada la fuerte interrelación em esta tríada, nos cuestionamos sobre cómo ha ocurrido dicha relación. ¿Cuál es el papel del Estado y de la educación en la formación humana? ¿Cuáles son las ideologías que han influenciado el tipo de educación ofertada? A partir de este tema y estos cuestionamientos, el artículo fue estructurado en cuatro apartados. En el primero discutimos sobre cómo las relaciones humanas ocurren en la sociedad actual. Después, analizamos el rol desempeñado por el Estado ante la economía y sus influencias en la educación, averiguando la formación humana em este proceso. En el tercer apartado abordamos el modo en que la educación ha sido apropiada por grupos hegemónicos, los cuales asumen las técnicas propias del mercado y los valores de la ideologia liberal para organizar la estructura y las prácticas educacionales. Em el último apartado, abordamos los sentidos dados por los actores educacionales a sus prácticas considerando las influencias externas al campo educacional. En medio de estas transformaciones, los sentidos referidos están relacionados con la capacidad de respuesta de los sujetos educacionales. La conclusión apunta para el hecho de que la triada educación, Estado y formación humana ha sido resignificada de forma cíclica, influenciando la dirección para la formación humana inscrita en los procesos de oferta de la educación formal. En el complejo contexto de influencias liberales y la lucha por la hegemonía, los reflejos exteriores a la esencia de esta formación humana pueden ser interpretados y adecuados para que la educación no sea alterada.Palabras clave: Formación humana. Educación. Estado


2011 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Bjerke ◽  
Olve Krange

Objectives:  The main objective was to study the influences of gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic factors on a popular Norwegian outdoor activity: walking in the woods. Design: Data from the large Young in Oslo 2006 (YiO 2006) youth survey is used to investigate the relationship between ethnic and class background and gender in relation to hiking in the woods. In the representative survey sample, 11 529 adolescent respondents aged 16 to 19 were asked how often they participated in hiking in the woods during the season.  Results: Analyses show that more girls than boys are active hikers and that fewer descendents from non-western immigrants and working-class youngsters are active compared to ethnic Norwegian and middle-class adolescents, respectively. Furthermore, cultural aspects of class seem to be more important than economic ones. A logistic regression analysis shows that the relationship between country of origin and hiking is significantly reduced when class measures are introduced into the model, which implies that the initial difference between ethnic minorities and ethnic Norwegians to some extent can be considered to be a class phenomenon.    Conclusion: Norwegian authorities express great concern over health issues among the large group of non-western descendents in Norway, pointing to the Nordic tradition of outdoor recreation as one means of being physically active. This paper concludes that in the effort to recruit ‘immigrant' youngsters to outdoor activities, one should keep in mind that a large proportion of the minority population also belongs to the working classes.


Author(s):  
Nuria Cantero Rodríguez ◽  
Antonio Pantoja Vallejo

RESUMEN La dirección de los centros docentes ha adquirido con la legislación actual nuevos retos, dotando de mayor responsabilidad al director. Por este motivo, el correcto funcionamiento y organización de los centros depende de la idiosincrasia del proyecto de dirección, ya que condiciona su proyecto educativo. En el presente estudio se han analizado 34 centros de Andalucía transformados en Comunidades de Aprendizaje (CdA) mediante la realización de entrevistas personales a cada director. Con tal fin, se ha seguido una metodología cualitativa, la cual, permite describir y comprender la realidad que estudia añadiendo aspectos sociales y culturales del contexto. Se ha utilizado el programa Nvivo 10 para describir las relaciones entre las distintas categorías según las referencias obtenidas por parte de los entrevistados. Se ha demostrado que el papel de la dirección influye decisivamente en los procesos de innovación pedagógica de estos centros y se han identificado las principales dificultades con las que se encuentra el director a lo largo de todo el proceso. Por otro lado, se ha observado que la satisfacción de éste condiciona el trabajo del profesorado, así como la mejora en la relación de los miembros de la comunidad educativa y de su propia percepción del centro escolar. Como conclusión, se puede asegurar que los directores de centros CdA necesitan llevar a cabo un liderazgo pedagógico, democrático y distribuido entre todos los miembros de la comunidad educativa para conseguir que el proyecto se implemente de forma eficaz, dando como resultado mejoras en el rendimiento y convivencia del centro.   ABSTRACT The management of the teaching centers has acquired new challenges with the current legislation, giving the director greater responsibility. For this reason, the proper functioning and organization of the centers depends on the idiosyncrasy of the management project, since it conditions their educational project. In this study we have analyzed 34 centers in Andalusia transformed into Learning Communities (CdA) by conducting personal interviews with each director. To this end, a qualitative methodology has been followed, which allows us to describe and understand the reality that is studied by adding social and cultural aspects of the context. The Nvivo 10 program has been used to describe the relationships between the different categories according to the references obtained by the interviewees. It has been shown that the role of management has a decisive influence on the pedagogical innovation processes of these centers and the main difficulties encountered by the director throughout the entire process have been identified. On the other hand, it has been observed that the satisfaction of the latter conditions the work of the teaching staff, as well as the improvement in the relationship of the members of the educational community and their own perception of the school. In conclusion, it can be assured that the directors of CdA centers need to carry out a pedagogical, democratic and distributed leadership among all the members of the educational community in order to get the project implemented efficiently, resulting in improvements in performance and coexistence of the center.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Aldo Rezende ◽  
Edna Castro de Oliveira ◽  
Maria José de Resende Ferreira

O artigo problematiza a adoção do ensino remoto nos cursos técnicos integrados do Proeja no Ifes em tempos pandêmicos, e suas consequências, como possibilidade de mais uma interrupção da trajetória escolar dos estudantes da EJA. No contexto de naturalização de práticas educativas instrumentais e pragmáticas, alicerçadas nas diretrizes da educação a distância e que desconsideram as especificidades e as condições objetivas de sobrevivência desses educandos, recorremos aos pressupostos da epistemologia da práxis, estabelecendo nexos possíveis entre os estudos sócio-histórico-culturais de Vygotsky e o pensamento de Paulo Freire, na defesa da educação como prática da liberdade. As inferências da pesquisa documental e da sistematização da experiência permearam as análises em curso e permitiram apresentar um panorama, ainda que parcial, dos resultados da implementação do ensino remoto no Proeja como ameaça à formação humana integral, ressaltando a importância do papel ético-político dos educadores, na condição de mediadores dos processos de produção do conhecimento.Palavras-chave: Práxis; Formação humana; Ensino remoto.Dialogues on reflective teaching praxis and the adoption of remote teaching at PROEJAABSTRACTThe article problematizes the adoption of remote teaching by the technical courses of Proeja at Ifes during the coronavirus pandemic and its consequences, as another possible interruption in the school trajectory of EJA´s students. In time of naturalization of instrumental and pragmatic educational practices, guided by distance education principles that disregard the specificities and objective conditions of survival of EJAs students, we resorted to the assumptions of the epistemology of reflective praxis, establishing possible links between socio-historical studies and cultural aspects of Vygotsky and the thoughts of Paulo Freire, in the defense of education as a practice of freedom. The inferences from the documental research and the systematization of the experience permeated the ongoing analyzes and allowed to present an overview, albeit partial, of the results of the implementation of remote education at Proeja as a threat to integral human education, highlighting the importance of the ethical-political role of educators, as mediators of knowledge production processes.Keywords: Praxis; Human formation; Remote teaching.Diálogos sobre la praxis pedagógica reflexiva y la adopción de la ensenanza a distancia en PROEJARESUMENEl artículo problematiza la adopción del aprendizaje a distancia en los cursos técnicos integrados de Proeja en Ifes en tiempos de pandemia y sus consecuencias, como una posibilidad de otra interrupción en la trayectoria educativa de los estudiantes de EJA. En el contexto de naturalización de prácticas educativas instrumentales y pragmáticas, basadas en pautas de educación a distancia y que desconocen las especificidades y condiciones objetivas de supervivencia de estos estudiantes, se recurrió a los presupuestos de la epistemología de la praxis, estableciendo posibles vínculos entre los estudios socio-históricos-culturales de Vygotsky y el pensamiento de Paulo Freire, en defensa de la educación como práctica de la libertad. Las inferencias de la investigación documental y la sistematización de la experiencia permearon los análisis en curso y permitieron presentar un panorama, aunque parcial, de los resultados de la implementación de la educación a distancia en Proeja como amenaza a la educación humana integral, destacando la importancia del rol ético-político de los educadores, como mediadores de los procesos de producción de conocimiento.  Palabras clave: Práxis; Formación humana; Enseñanza remota.


Author(s):  
Gergana Stefanova

Will the COVID-19 pandemic change the future of the cities in any way? This paper tries to answer some of the questions related to the overcrowding of the cities, the relationship between living conditions, air pollution, risks of future pandemics, etc., and the role of architects and urban planners. “And today is only yesterday’s tomorrow…”, sing Uriah Heep, so it’s up to us what kind of World we will leave to our children and grandchildren…


1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Yun

While the role of the state has been central to the development of Singaporean capitalism, state policies have gone through different transformations as the relationship of Singapore with other states and with multi-national capital changed. Moreover, a number of problems and social divisions have emerged in the process. In contrast to theorists who have seen only state dominance, the potential that these developments have for breaking the hegemony of the state over large sections of the population, in both middle and working classes, is illustrated and analysed.


2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.


Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Joiner ◽  
Melanie A. Hom ◽  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Carol Chu ◽  
Ian H. Stanley ◽  
...  

Abstract. Background: Lowered eye blink rate may be a clinically useful indicator of acute, imminent, and severe suicide risk. Diminished eye blink rates are often seen among individuals engaged in heightened concentration on a specific task that requires careful planning and attention. Indeed, overcoming one’s biological instinct for survival through suicide necessitates premeditation and concentration; thus, a diminished eye blink rate may signal imminent suicidality. Aims: This article aims to spur research and clinical inquiry into the role of eye blinks as an indicator of acute suicide risk. Method: Literature relevant to the potential connection between eye blink rate and suicidality was reviewed and synthesized. Results: Anecdotal, cognitive, neurological, and conceptual support for the relationship between decreased blink rate and suicide risk is outlined. Conclusion: Given that eye blinks are a highly observable behavior, the potential clinical utility of using eye blink rate as a marker of suicide risk is immense. Research is warranted to explore the association between eye blink rate and acute suicide risk.


2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin N. Stevens ◽  
Joseph R. Bardeen ◽  
Kyle W. Murdock

Parenting behaviors – specifically behaviors characterized by high control, intrusiveness, rejection, and overprotection – and effortful control have each been implicated in the development of anxiety pathology. However, little research has examined the protective role of effortful control in the relation between parenting and anxiety symptoms, specifically among adults. Thus, we sought to explore the unique and interactive effects of parenting and effortful control on anxiety among adults (N = 162). Results suggest that effortful control uniquely contributes to anxiety symptoms above and beyond that of any parenting behavior. Furthermore, effortful control acted as a moderator of the relationship between parental overprotection and anxiety, such that overprotection is associated with anxiety only in individuals with lower levels of effortful control. Implications for potential prevention and intervention efforts which specifically target effortful control are discussed. These findings underscore the importance of considering individual differences in self-regulatory abilities when examining associations between putative early-life risk factors, such as parenting, and anxiety symptoms.


2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Hofman ◽  
Austin M. Hahn ◽  
Christine K. Tirabassi ◽  
Raluca M. Gaher

Abstract. Exposure to traumatic events and the associated risk of developing Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is a significant and overlooked concern in the college population. It is important for current research to identify potential protective factors associated with the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms unique to this population. Emotional intelligence and perceived social support are two identified protective factors that influence the association between exposure to traumatic events and PTSD symptomology. The current study examined the mediating role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. Participants included 443 trauma-exposed university students who completed online questionnaires. The results of this study indicated that social support mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and reported PTSD symptoms. Thus, emotional intelligence is significantly associated with PTSD symptoms and social support may play an integral role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD. The current study is the first to investigate the role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. These findings have important treatment and prevention implications with regard to PTSD.


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