scholarly journals Indicadores de sustentabilidade para avaliação de zonas especiais de interesse social (ZEIS) para implantação de habitação social na cidade de Piracicaba-SP / Sustainability indicators for assessment of special zones of social interest (ZEIS) for (...)

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (46) ◽  
pp. 464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Braga
Keyword(s):  
Urban Ecology ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Social Interest ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
The City

<p>Este trabalho visa discutir e desenvolver parâmetros e indicadores de sustentabilidade para a avaliação de Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social-ZEIS para a implantação de habitação de interesse social. A ZEIS é um instrumento criado nos anos 1980 e adotado pelo Estatuto da Cidade (Lei Federal 10.257/2001), que visa a regularização fundiária e implantação de habitação de interesse social. A área de estudo é o município de Piracicaba, estado de São Paulo, Brasil, com 370 mil habitantes, na região de Campinas. A sustentabilidade das ZEIS foi avaliada a partir de sua localização e com base em um sistema de quatro grupos de indicadores: densidade/compacidade urbana; ecologia urbana; diversidade socioespacial e conectividade/acessibilidade. Para cada em desses grupos foram avaliados indicadores específicos que puderam qualificar cada umas das ZEIS. Os resultados apontaram que a maioria das ZEIS criadas não só descumpriram requisitos básicos de sustentabilidade, como diminuíram a sustentabilidade do sistema urbano como um todo.</p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> ZEIS, sustentabilidade, habitação social, expansão urbana, cidades sustentáveis.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This paper aims to discuss and develop benchmarks and indicators for assessing the sustainability of Special Zones of Social Interest-ZEIS for the implementation of social housing. The ZEIS is an instrument created in 1980 and adopted by the City Statute (Federal Act 10257/2001), which aims to secure tenure and implementation of social housing. The study area is the city of Piracicaba, State of São Paulo, Brazil, with 370,000 inhabitants in the region of Campinas. The sustainability of ZEIS was assessed from its location and based on a system of four groups of indicators: density / urban compactness; urban ecology; socio-spatial diversity and connectivity / accessibility. For each of these groups on specific indicators that might qualify every one of ZEIS were evaluated. The results showed that most ZEIS created not only breached basic sustainability requirements, decreased as the sustainability of the urban system as a whole.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: ZEIS, sustainability, social housing, urban expansion, sustainable cities.</p>

scholarly journals Urban planning instruments for promoting social interest housing: from zoning to obligatory percentages in São Paulo, Brazil, in dialog with Bogotá, Colombia

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Freire Santoro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Social Interest ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Urban Restructuring ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

One of the major challenges for urban planning in Latin America is to provide low-income families with housing in areas that have an infrastructure and a good supply of jobs and services, thereby promoting diversity and equity, translated by mixing classes, races and social cohesion. This mission becomes increasingly difficult in a neoliberal capitalist context which transfers the task of providing land and housing for low-income families to the market and where the logic of such actions is based on achieving more rent from land and consequently of the holding of real estate becoming more profitable. This paper sets out to discuss two proposals for urban instruments that dialog with the production of housing through the market and guarantee of the right to the city. The first centered on the reserve of land for the production of social interest housing (HIS, in Portuguese) in the zoning by creating Special Social Interest Housing Zones (ZEIS, in Portuguese), spread throughout Brazil, and described here based on the experience of São Paulo. Or else, comparatively, classifying land to be used as a priority for social housing (vivienda de interés prioritário) widespread in Colombia, and here presented by the Bogota experience. There is another, which already has international experience and has recently been debated in Brazil, which consists of conceiving of the promotion of social interest housing policies based on the regulation of urban restructuring but experiences of this are rare in Brazil. These may be termed as inclusive housing policies. As a result, this article points out that the creation of alternative regulations has set the tone for the market to exclude itself  from producing housing of social interest, and guarantees greater profitability to commercial undertakings. 

scholarly journals Does the implementation of special zones of social interest (ZEIS) encourages adequate housing in precarious settlement? The case of San Paolo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Reis Santos
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Social Interest ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Housing Quality ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
The City

With the establishment of the Constitution of 1988, a new approach to urban governance emerged in Brazil. The document brought significant changes regarding the right to the city and adequate housing, in particular, for the urban poor. The recognition of these rights triggered the experimentation with inclusionary policies around the country (Rolnik and Santoro, 2013). As a result, informal settlements started to be acknowledged as part of the formal city and were included in zoning and planning laws. One of the main outcomes of these experiments was the creation of Special Zones of Social Interest (ZEIS), a land and housing policy that linked investments on infrastructure in precarious settlements to land regularisation processes. In 2001, ZEIS was incorporated into the City Statute, a document that established a range of collective rights to guide land use and development. Since then, the instrument has gained popularity in the country as a land regularisation tool. Nevertheless, a considerable share of settlements remains poorly built and addressing informality is still a challenge. Therefore, this paper evaluated the co-relation between the implementation of ZEIS, land regularisation processes and provision of basic infrastructure in precarious settlements. More specifically, it measured the quality of State interventions supported by the zoning. By focusing on quality, this article aimed to evaluate whether ZEIS has encouraged adequate housing conditions for the urban poor or reinforced precarious patterns of development. To explore this relationship, a case study was conducted on the performance of ZEIS in Favela of Sapé, a settlement in the West of São Paulo. As a methodology, case studies have become a common option for performing evaluations and analyse what a program, practice or police has achieved (Yin, 2012). Moreover, this research strategy commonly relies on various sources of field-based information (Yin, 2012). Accordingly, this paper comprised mainly primary qualitative data. It also made broad use of content and secondary analysis, with the goal of ensuring validity and reliability. The performance of ZEIS in Sapé demonstrated that since its implementation, in 2001, tenure security and physical characteristics have enhanced considerably in the area, particularly, when it comes to housing quality and provision of basic infrastructure. Nevertheless, these accomplishments are being compromised by a strong process of reoccupation which is supported by illegal organisations. In addition, there is a delay of the Municipality in meeting the demands for housing in the area because of governance issues and mismanagement of financial resources. This scenario, combined with a weak inspection body, has once again permitted the development of precarious housing and infrastructure in the area. It also has compromised the issuance of freehold land titles to the settlement’s dwellers. In other words, the site is under a vicious circle where neither the provision of housing and infrastructure is enough to meet the demand nor the land regularisation is completed because of the reoccupations. In sum, although the implementation of ZEIS seems to have a share of responsibility in Sapé’s upgrading process, the local authorities do not have the capacity of reinforcement necessary to maintain these improvements. Furthermore, it is fair to assume that the current legal framework provided by ZEIS is not adequate for the context of São Paulo and requires further adjustments. Not only because of the complex character of the city, but also because in practice, urban norms may be interpreted differently according to political and cultural conditions (Rolnik, 1997).

scholarly journals As zonas especiais de interesse social de imóveis vazios ou subutilizados no município de São Paulo | Special social interest zones on vacant or underutilized properties in the city of São Paulo

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rosana Yamaguti ◽  
Rosana Denaldi
Keyword(s):  
Social Interest ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
The City

 Este trabalho discute o papel das Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social de imóveis vazios ou subutilizados para produção de Habitação de Interesse Social no município de São Paulo, especialmente quanto à localização desses empreendimentos e ao tipo de produto realizado. Apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa documental produzida por meio da coleta, sistematização e análise de dados dos alvarás emi­tidos pela Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo para a Zona Leste paulistana entre 2002, ano de aprovação do instrumento, e 2017. Concluiu-se que o instru­mento pode cumprir importante papel para viabili­zar a produção de Habitação de Interesse Social no município. Entretanto, seu alcance depende de uma conjunção de fatores, como a existência de recursos financeiros subsidiados para moradia de interesse social e uma gestão local comprometida com a dimi­nuição do déficit habitacional e com a efetivação da função social da propriedade.

scholarly journals Housing policy, shortage and socio-spatial segregation in the city of Piracicaba (SP)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (72) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bárbara Caetano Damasceno ◽  
Jefferson Oliveira Goulart
Keyword(s):  
Social Housing ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Spatial Segregation ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The objective of the paper is to evaluate the close relationship between public policies of social housing, housing deficit and the process of socio-spatial segregation in the city of Piracicaba, located in the interior of the state of São Paulo, in Brazil, between the years 2000-2020. For this, the method adopted consists of a mixed quali-quantitative approach. Whether due to lack or inadequacy, the housing problem is one of the main urban shortages, whose measurement can be made from the deficit and household inadequacy indicators. To address these issues, housing policies are presented as a state intervention to provide access to housing. However, after years of implementing these policies, the paradox created by them is noted, since, although they were able to face part of the problem, they contributed to the intensification of socio-spatial segregation on the intra-urban scale. In these terms, Piracicaba is an emblematic case of the relationship that is established territorially between these elements, in which socio-spatial segregation is seen as a by-product of social housing policies, under the pretext of coping with housing needs. The investigation therefore seeks to contribute to research on the relationship between housing policies and socio-spatial segregation in medium-sized cities in São Paulo, inserting the concept of deficit as a basic element of this problem.

Seasonal Variation of Suicide in the City of São Paulo, Brazil, 1996–2010

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hideki Bando ◽  
Fernando Madalena Volpe
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Health Statistics ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
June July ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Background: In light of the few reports from intertropical latitudes and their conflicting results, we aimed to replicate and update the investigation of seasonal patterns of suicide occurrences in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: Data relating to male and female suicides were extracted from the Mortality Information Enhancement Program (PRO-AIM), the official health statistics of the municipality of São Paulo. Seasonality was assessed by studying distribution of suicides over time using cosinor analyses. Results: There were 6,916 registered suicides (76.7% men), with an average of 39.0 ± 7.0 observed suicides per month. For the total sample and for both sexes, cosinor analysis estimated a significant seasonal pattern. For the total sample and for males suicide peaked in November (late spring) with a trough in May–June (late autumn). For females, the estimated peak occurred in January, and the trough in June–July. Conclusions: A seasonal pattern of suicides was found for both males and females, peaking in spring/summer and dipping in fall/winter. The scarcity of reports from intertropical latitudes warrants promoting more studies in this area.

scholarly journals Football and Urban Expansion in São Paulo, Brazil, 1880-1920

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-189
Author(s):  
Matthew Brown ◽  
Gloria Lanci
Keyword(s):  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

scholarly journals AEROSOLS OBSERVATIONS BY AN ELASTIC LIDAR SYSTEM OVER THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 407-408
Author(s):  
E. LANDULFO ◽  
A. PAPAYANNIS ◽  
A. ZANARDI DE FREITAS ◽  
M.P.P.. M. JORGE ◽  
N.D. VIEIRA JÚNIOR
Keyword(s):  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Lidar System ◽  
The City

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6185
Author(s):  
André Ruoppolo Biazoti ◽  
Angélica Campos Nakamura ◽  
Gustavo Nagib ◽  
Vitória Oliveira Pereira de Souza Leão ◽  
Giulia Giacchè ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Community Gardens ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sales Channels ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

During the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, farmers worldwide were greatly affected by disruptions in the food chain. In 2020, São Paulo city experienced most of the effects of the pandemic in Brazil, with 15,587 deaths through December 2020. Here, we describe the impacts of COVID-19 on urban agriculture (UA) in São Paulo from April to August 2020. We analyzed two governmental surveys of 2100 farmers from São Paulo state and 148 from São Paulo city and two qualitative surveys of volunteers from ten community gardens and seven urban farmers. Our data showed that 50% of the farmers were impacted by the pandemic with drops in sales, especially those that depended on intermediaries. Some farmers in the city adapted to novel sales channels, but 22% claimed that obtaining inputs became difficult. No municipal support was provided to UA in São Paulo, and pre-existing issues were exacerbated. Work on community gardens decreased, but no garden permanently closed. Post COVID-19, UA will have the challenge of maintaining local food chains established during the pandemic. Due to the increase in the price of inputs and the lack of technical assistance, governmental efforts should be implemented to support UA.

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