scholarly journals Emergence of New Epidemiological Hepatitis B and C Profiles in High Risk Groups in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Melo Villar ◽  
Helena Medina Cruz ◽  
Moyra Machado Portilho ◽  
Jakeline Ribeiro Barbosa ◽  
Ana Carolina Fonseca da Mendonça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Groups

scholarly journals 472 HEPATITIS B DURING PREGNANCY: IDENTIFICATION OF HIGH RISK GROUPS

1981 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 519-519
Author(s):  
Madhu Gudavalli ◽  
Catherine M P Kierney ◽  
Saul Krugman
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Groups

scholarly journals Edukasi Kesehatan sebagai Upaya Preventif Penyakit Hepatitis B dan C pada Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Patricia Gita Naully ◽  
Perdina Nursidika
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
The Government

ABSTRAK Hepatitis B dan C dianggap paling berbahaya diantara jenis hepatitis yang lain karena keduanya dapat berkembang menjadi penyakit kronik, sering tanpa gejala, dan menyebabkan kematian. Salah satu upaya yang disarankan oleh WHO untuk mencegah peningkatan angka Hepatitis B dan C adalah melakukan kegiatan edukasi kesehatan bagi masyarakat, khususnya kelompok beresiko tinggi seperi Warga Binaan Pemasyarakatan (WBP). Oleh sebab itu, kegiatan penyuluhan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan WBP terkait penyebab, gejala, cara penularan, pencegahan, dan layanan kesehatan yang disediakan oleh pemerintah. Kegiatan ini dilakukan di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) Narkotika Kelas IIA Bandung dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 30 orang WBP. Penyuluhan dilaksanakan dengan metode ceramah. Evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan dengan cara menganalisis hasil kuesioner dan nilai tes para peserta. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil evaluasi membuktikan bahwa mayoritas WBP melakukan tindakan beresiko tinggi karena keterbatasan pengetahuan dan informasi, namun setelah mendapatkan materi penyuluhan terlihat adanya peningkatan nilai tes pada seluruh peserta. Kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan WBP di Lapas Narkotika Kelas IIA Bandung terkait penyebab, gejala klinis, cara penularan, pencegahan, serta beberapa layanan kesehatan pemerintah untuk mencegah, mendiagnosa, serta mengobati penyakit Hepatitis B dan C.Kata Kunci: hepatitis B; hepatitis C; penyuluhan; lembaga pemasyarakatanABSTRACTHepatitis B and C are considered as the most dangerous hepatitis types compared to the other, because both can develop into chronic diseases, asymptomatic, and cause death. One of the methods suggested by WHO to prevent an increase of Hepatitis B and C numbers is to conduct health education activities for the community, especially for the high-risk groups such as prisoners (WBP). Therefore, the aim of this extension activity was to upgrade the WBP's knowledge regarding the disease causes, symptoms, transmission methods, prevention, and health services provided by the government. This activity was conducted in Bandung Narcotics Penitentiary class IIA, with 30 WBP participants. The extention was done by the lecture method. Then, the activity evaluation was done by analyzing of questionnaire results and participants' test-scores. Besides, the analysis technique used was descriptive analysis. The evaluation result proved that the majority of WBP taking the high-risk action due to the limited of knowledge and information, but there was a test-score increase for all participants after obtaining counseling materials. This activity was successful to improve the WBP's knowledge in Bandung Narcotics Penitentiary class IIA related to the causes, clinical symptoms, modes of transmission, prevention, and also some government health services to prevent, diagnose, and treat the Hepatitis B and C.Keywords : extension; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; prison.

The Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Its Antibody in Blood Donors and High Risk Groups in Iran

Vox Sanguinis ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-186
Author(s):  
H. Farzadegan ◽  
C. Harbour ◽  
F. Ala
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Risk Groups

scholarly journals HIV and Hepatitis B and C incidence rates in US correctional populations and high risk groups: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Gough ◽  
Mirjam C Kempf ◽  
Laura Graham ◽  
Marvin Manzanero ◽  
Edward W Hook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates

P.443 Sustained transmission of hepatitis B in the Netherlands, despite vaccination targeted towards high-risk groups

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. S198
Author(s):  
R. Van Houdt ◽  
S.M. Bruisten ◽  
N.H.T.M. Dukers ◽  
J.A.R. Van den Hoek ◽  
R.A. Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Risk Groups

Vaccination Induced Immunity to the Hepatitis B Virus among High-Risk Groups in Glasgow 1993–2001: Evaluating the Effectiveness of the United Kingdom's Selective Immunisation Policy

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
KM Roy ◽  
DJ Goldberg ◽  
K Wilson ◽  
SO Cameron
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Selective Approach ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Increased Risk

Background and Aims The United Kingdom has adopted a selective approach to the control of hepatitis B (HBV), vaccinating those at increased risk of infection through lifestyle, occupation or other factors such as close contact with a case or carrier. This paper sought to assess the effectiveness of the targeted HBV vaccination programme, by determining the level of immunity and exposure to HBV infection among three high risk groups (injecting drug users (IDUs), men who have sex with men (MSM) and heterosexuals attending genitourinary medicine clinics) at three time points between 1993–2001 in Glasgow, Scotland. Methods Residual sera from i) IDUs having a named HIV test and ii) MSM and heterosexual men and women attending GUM clinics and undergoing routine syphilis serology testing, were tested anonymously for HBV infection. Results The overall prevalence of HBV infection remained at a low level in all three risk groups. IDUs continue to be the group at greatest risk of infection. Discussion Despite the implementation of new initiatives targeting high-risk groups, vaccination levels remain low in the populations studied.

scholarly journals Heterosexual Transmission of Hepatitis B and Implications for Vaccine Prevention Strategies

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl a) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam J Alter
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Homosexual Activity

Since 1985, cases of hepatitis B virus infection attributable to heterosexual activity have increased by 38%, whereas those attributable to homosexual activity have declined by 62%, Heterosexual activity now accounts for 26% of cases and has replaced homosexual activity in importance as a risk factor for hepatitis B. For heterosexuals, the number of recent (ie, in the preceding four to six months) and lifetime sex partners, as well as a history of other sexually transmitted diseases (eg. syphilis) appear to be significantly associated with increased hepatitis B virus infection. Of equal concern is the rising number of cases among parenteral drug users in the United States and some minority groups, including blacks, Hispanics and Asians. Hepatitis B prevention by administering hepatitis B vaccine to high risk groups before exposure to infection has not been successful, and at least 30% of hepatitis B cases in the United States have no identifiable risk factors. Thus, participation in the current programs which target only high risk groups is not possible. The ideal immunization strategy is integration of hepatitis B vaccine in to the routine childhood immunization schedule.

scholarly journals Hepatitis B and C prevalence among the high risk groups of Pakistani population. A cross sectional study

2012 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Rauf Memon ◽  
Kashif Shafique ◽  
Ashraf Memon ◽  
Agha Umer Draz ◽  
Mohammad Uzair Abdul Rauf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pakistani Population

A Multi-Hospital Hepatitis B Vaccine Program: Prevalence of Antibody and Acceptance of Vaccination Among High-Risk Hospital Employees

1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Klimek ◽  
Lee Brettman ◽  
Ellen Neuhaus ◽  
Richard A. Garibaldi
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
Hbv Vaccine ◽  
Hospital Employees ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Urban University

AbstractIn July 1982, five Hartford hospitals embarked on a joint hospital-sponsored program to immunize high-risk employees against hepatitis B virus (HBV). The program included a questionnaire to characterize relative risk, serology for anti-HBs, vaccination and a follow-up survey of vaccine non-recipients.Of 2,065 employees who were considered to be at high-risk for infection with HBV, 1,894 (91.7%) responded to the screening questionnaire and 1,279 (67.5%) were tested for anti-HBs serology. The prevalence of antibody varied from hospital to hospital; the highest prevalence (10.9%) was observed at one of the urban university-affiliated community hospitals and the lowest prevalence (4.1%) was reported from the smaller, rural hospital. The prevalence of antibody also varied greatly within the high-risk groups; the highest prevalence of antibody was seen among surgical house officers (15%). The rate of acceptance of vaccine among hospitals ranged from 57.5% to 23.7%. Reasons for vaccine non-acceptance included fear of as yet unknown side effects, perceived low risk of hepatitis acquisition and possible effects on present or future pregnancies.Our experience illustrates some of the epidemiologic and practical aspects that must be addressed in administering a hospital-based HBV vaccine program. Among the five hospitals, we saw marked inter- and intra-hospital variations in the prevalence of anti-HBs among high-risk employees. More significantly, we observed unexpectedly low rates of vaccine acceptance among high-risk personnel.

scholarly journals Assessment of hepatitis B in high risk people of Gachsaran city, Iran

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Mona Khajavian ◽  
Asghar Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Risk Populations

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major health problem throughout the world. The aim of this study determines the rate of prevalence of molecular and Seroepidemiological hepatitis B infections high risk populations in the Gachsaran city, according to factors such as age, sex, employment status, educational status etc.Methods: In a descriptive and analytical study, blood samples have been collected from 500 high risks individuals, from February 2015 to July 2016 in Gachsaran. The serum samples were tested by ELISA and PCR method was used to confirm the diagnosis. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical program.Results: HBsAg was detected in 5 out of the 500 individuals, giving an overall prevalence of 1%. All the positive samples were in males. The rate of infection among the individuals with a history of unprotected sexual contact was 8% and was 0% among the individuals who experienced a needle stick. Four out of the five infected persons with hepatitis didn’t receive any vaccination and one of them received only one dose of vaccine.Conclusions: The results showed 1% infection at high-risk groups in the Gachsaran city. Age rising, maleness, unemployment, low educational level and suspicies sexual partners have been the factors of increasing HBV infection prevalence. Full vaccination has a strong and meaningful relationship with hepatitis B in the target groups, which requires all people at risk to be vaccinated completely. Government cooperation to identify and treat injecting drug users and encourage them to follow the preventive methods is beneficial.

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