scholarly journals Plant-Based Drugs as an Adjuvant to Cancer Chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Drug Leads

Humans have turned to natural products, obtained from plants, animals and aquatic life for treating diseases since time immemorial. Modern medicine is based on ancient wisdom transferred over generations. Drug development relies mainly on natural sources. Herbal medicines are making a comeback due to lower side effects, and positive results in the long term when compared to synthetic drugs. The current drug discovery process relies on identifying traditional medicines followed by Bioactivity-guided fractionation to isolate significant lead molecules. Plants have a history of long-term use by humans and hence it can be presumed that the bioactive compounds obtained from plants will have low human toxicity. There exists a huge potential for discovering new antitumor drug leads by screening natural products either in the form of crude extracts purified phytochemicals which have already been described in the literature. The fact that phytochemicals like paclitaxel, vinblastine, vincristine and camptothecin are being successfully used in clinical practice and several others like combretastatin and noscapine are in different stages of clinical trials implies the importance of plants in cancer chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Quest for COVID-19 cure: integrating traditional herbal medicines in the modern drug paradigm

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Prativa Pandey ◽  
Angisha Basnet ◽  
Aatish Mali
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Modern Drug ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rich History

The world is facing one of the biggest public health tragedies of our time, both in terms of socio-economic loss and death tolls due to the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic. In a frantic race to find treatment for COVID-19, many interventions to discover drugs and vaccines are being expedited. Similarly, traditional herbal medicines are also being explored to find a cure for COVID-19. There are many traditional medicines that have exhibited promising antiviral and immuno-modulating properties against a plethora of infectious diseases like influenza, malaria, tuberculosis, and even COVID-19. Traditional medicine is an integral part of culture and practices in many countries with a vast and rich history of treating diseases. However, scientific research-based drug development approaches and effective regulatory mechanisms, on par with modern medicine, should be implemented to ensure safety, efficacy and overall validity of traditional medicine. Incorporating evidence-based traditional medicines in modern drug development paradigms can help assure affordability, accessibility and acceptability of the treatment approach. Furthermore, it can create pharmacological synergism to tackle drug resistance. Altogether, every country should create a roadmap for modernization and revival of traditional knowledge to improve the health care system and be better prepared for health crises.

Memory impairment induced by amphetamine derivatives in laboratory animals and in humans: a review

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Camarasa ◽  
Teresa Rodrigo ◽  
David Pubill ◽  
Elena Escubedo
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Club Drugs ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Amphetamine Derivatives ◽  
Considerable Body

AbstractThe 20th century brought with it the so-called club drugs (the most notorious being amphetamine derivatives), which are used by young adults at all-night dance parties. Methamphet­amine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or ecstasy) are synthetic drugs with stimulant and psychoactive properties that belong to the amphetamine family. Here, we have reviewed the literature about the cognitive impairment induced by these two amphetamine derivatives and the preclinical and clinical outcomes. Although there is controversial evidence about the effect of methamphetamine and MDMA on learning and memory in laboratory animals, results from published papers demonstrate that amphetamines cause long-term impairment of cognitive functions. A large number of pharmacological receptors have been studied and screened as targets of amphetamine-induced cognitive dysfunction, and extensive research efforts have been invested to provide evidence about the molecular mechanisms behind these cognitive deficits. In humans, there is a considerable body of evidence indicating that methamphetamine and MDMA seriously disrupt memory and learning processes. Although an association between the impairments of memory performance and a history of recreational amphetamine ingestion has also been corroborated, a number of methodological difficulties continue to hamper research in this field, the most important being the concomitant use of other illicit drugs.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF INDIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE: A MEDICAL INHERITANCE.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Pradip Adhikari ◽  
Satya Bhusan Paul
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Regional Effects ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Approaches

 Objective: Indian Traditional Medicine, the foundation of age-old practice of medicine in the world, has played an essential role in human health care service and welfare from its inception. Likewise, all traditional medicines are of its own regional effects and dominant in the West Asian nations; India, Pakistan, Tibet, and so forth, East Asian nations; China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, and so forth, Africa, South and Central America. This article is an attempt to illuminate Indian traditional medical service and its importance, based on recent methodical reviews.Methods: Web search engines for example; Google, Science Direct and Google Scholar were employed for reviews as well as for meta-analysis.Results: There is a long running debate between individuals, who utilize Indian Traditional Medicines for different ailments and disorders, and the individuals who depend on the present day; modern medicine for cure. The civil argument between modern medicine and traditional medicines comes down to a basic truth; each person, regardless of education or sickness, ought to be educated about the actualities concerning their illness and the associated side effects of medicines. Therapeutic knowledge of Indian traditional medicine has propelled various traditional approaches with similar or different theories and methodologies, which are of regional significance.Conclusion: To extend research exercises on Indian Traditional Medicine, in near future, and to explore the phytochemicals; the current review will help the investigators involved in traditional medicinal pursuit.

Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance

2022 ◽  
pp. 233-250
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Dwivedi ◽  
Prashant Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Anopheles Mosquitoes ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Life Threatening

Malaria is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium. It is transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. The global burden is estimated to be around 219 million cases in 87 countries. Natural compounds have been used primarily in the traditional medicine for thousands of years. For the treatment of malaria, natural products were used until the development of synthetic drugs, and most of the currently available anti-malarial drugs have been derived based on the compounds from these traditional medicinal plants. The current chapter tries to briefly indicate the emerging resistance against anti-malarial drugs and to discuss the recent research on natural products that have been evaluated for anti-malarial activity. Rigorous evaluation of the efficacy and safety of traditional medicines is required along with identification of active constituents in order to develop new drugs with novel mechanisms of action.

scholarly journals Microbial Natural Products in Drug Discovery

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 470
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Abdel-Razek ◽  
Mehrez E. El-Naggar ◽  
Ahmed Allam ◽  
Osama M. Morsy ◽  
Sarah I. Othman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cardiac Disorders ◽  
Microbial Natural Products

Over a long period of time, humans have explored many natural resources looking for remedies of various ailments. Traditional medicines have played an intrinsic role in human life for thousands of years, with people depending on medicinal plants and their products as dietary supplements as well as using them therapeutically for treatment of chronic disorders, such as cancer, malaria, diabetes, arthritis, inflammation, and liver and cardiac disorders. However, plant resources are not sufficient for treatment of recently emerging diseases. In addition, the seasonal availability and other political factors put constrains on some rare plant species. The actual breakthrough in drug discovery came concurrently with the discovery of penicillin from Penicillium notatum in 1929. This discovery dramatically changed the research of natural products and positioned microbial natural products as one of the most important clues in drug discovery due to availability, variability, great biodiversity, unique structures, and the bioactivities produced. The number of commercially available therapeutically active compounds from microbial sources to date exceeds those discovered from other sources. In this review, we introduce a short history of microbial drug discovery as well as certain features and recent research approaches, specifying the microbial origin, their featured molecules, and the diversity of the producing species. Moreover, we discuss some bioactivities as well as new approaches and trends in research in this field.

scholarly journals GenusTinospora: Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sensen Chi ◽  
Gaimei She ◽  
Dan Han ◽  
Weihua Wang ◽  
Zhao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Digestive Disorder ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
History Of

The genusTinosporaincludes 34 species, in which several herbs were used as traditional medicines by indigenous groups throughout the tropical and subtropical parts of Asia, Africa, and Australia. The extensive literature survey revealedTinosporaspecies to be a group of important medicinal plants used for the ethnomedical treatment of colds, headaches, pharyngitis, fever, diarrhea, oral ulcer, diabetes, digestive disorder, and rheumatoid arthritis. Indian ethnopharmacological data points to the therapeutic potential of theT.cordifoliafor the treatment of diabetic conditions. WhileTinosporaspecies are confusing in individual ingredients and their mechanisms of action, the ethnopharmacological history of those plants indicated that they exhibit antidiabetic, antioxidation, antitumor, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial, antiosteoporosis, and immunostimulation activities. While the clinical applications in modern medicine are lacking convincing evidence and support, this review is aimed at summarizing the current knowledge of the traditional uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, and toxicities of the genusTinosporato reveal its therapeutic potentials and gaps, offering opportunities for future researches.

scholarly journals HISTORY OF INDIAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE: A MEDICAL INHERITANCE.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partha Pradip Adhikari ◽  
Satya Bhusan Paul
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Web Search ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Health Care Service ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Regional Effects ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traditional Approaches

 Objective: Indian Traditional Medicine, the foundation of age-old practice of medicine in the world, has played an essential role in human health care service and welfare from its inception. Likewise, all traditional medicines are of its own regional effects and dominant in the West Asian nations; India, Pakistan, Tibet, and so forth, East Asian nations; China, Korea, Japan, Vietnam, and so forth, Africa, South and Central America. This article is an attempt to illuminate Indian traditional medical service and its importance, based on recent methodical reviews.Methods: Web search engines for example; Google, Science Direct and Google Scholar were employed for reviews as well as for meta-analysis.Results: There is a long running debate between individuals, who utilize Indian Traditional Medicines for different ailments and disorders, and the individuals who depend on the present day; modern medicine for cure. The civil argument between modern medicine and traditional medicines comes down to a basic truth; each person, regardless of education or sickness, ought to be educated about the actualities concerning their illness and the associated side effects of medicines. Therapeutic knowledge of Indian traditional medicine has propelled various traditional approaches with similar or different theories and methodologies, which are of regional significance.Conclusion: To extend research exercises on Indian Traditional Medicine, in near future, and to explore the phytochemicals; the current review will help the investigators involved in traditional medicinal pursuit.

scholarly journals Spectroscopic and Phytochemical Examination of Medicinal Plants in Rural Areas of Krishnankoil

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 873-878
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Indigofera Tinctoria

Herbal medicines are part of our daily routine. Usage of synthetic drugs provides instant relief but doesn’t give a long term solution. Here we report few medicinal plants of Indigofera Tinctoria, Momordica Cymbalaria, and Withania Somnifera that has been collected in Krishnankoil area of Virudhunagar district in Tamil Nadu. The identification of biomolecules was investigated using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Charge transfer between bonding, antibonding, non-bonding was analyzed with UV-Vis spectroscopy along with measurement of absorption. Phytochemical testing was carried out inorder to understand the important constituents in the chosen herbals

scholarly journals Cytotoxic and Gene Expression Research on Kras Gene in Lung Cancer Cell Line of A549 Treated with Tinospora Coridifolia Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 295-297
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Herbal Drugs ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Kras Gene ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Synthetic Drugs

There has been global resurgence of interest in herbal drugs in the recent past. Though herbal medicines are effective in the treatment of various ailments very often these drugs are unscientifically exploited or improperly used. Therefore, these herbal drugs deserve detailed studies in the light of modern medicine. In spite of synthetic drugs, herbal drugs have their place in therapy. Their effectiveness, low-cost and comparative freedom from serious toxic effects makes these medicines not only popular but also an acceptable mode of treating diseases even in modern times. Medicinal plants are those plants that are used in treating and preventing specific and human has been using herbs for generations around the world, due to charm needed to cure the disease, many people have come to the conclusion that even chemical drugs their answers may already be sick of these medications may be harmful for health them in the future. Still, the use of plants as a source of medicine is very much important for human beings. Identify medicinal and how to use them is so important.

Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance

2020 ◽  
pp. 154-176
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Dwivedi ◽  
Prashant Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Infected Female ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Anopheles Mosquitoes ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Life Threatening

Malaria is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium. It is transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. The global burden is estimated to be around 219 million cases in 87 countries. Natural compounds have been used primarily in the traditional medicine for thousands of years. For the treatment of malaria, natural products were used until the development of synthetic drugs, and most of the currently available anti-malarial drugs have been derived based on the compounds from these traditional medicinal plants. The current chapter tries to briefly indicate the emerging resistance against anti-malarial drugs and to discuss the recent research on natural products that have been evaluated for anti-malarial activity. Rigorous evaluation of the efficacy and safety of traditional medicines is required along with identification of active constituents in order to develop new drugs with novel mechanisms of action.

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