scholarly journals Evaluation of Protein Sources in Different Base Formulations Based on Total and Digestible Amino Acids for Japanese Quails

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Barbosa de Souza ◽  
Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽  
José Humberto Vilar da Silva ◽  
Edilson Paes Saraiva ◽  
Valéria Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Feather Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Japanese Quails ◽  
Diet Formulation ◽  
Digestible Amino Acids ◽  
By Products

The Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) rearing activity has grown considerably over the past few years. The purpose of this study was to compare diet formulations based on total (TAA) and digestible amino acids (DAA) and the use of different protein sources such as meat cum bone meal and feather meal in Japanese quails. The first three treatments were based on TAA, formulated based on corn and soybean meal (CST); meat and bone meal (CSMT); feather meal (CSMFT). The three other treatments received the same sequence of ingredients as the previous treatments; however, the diets were formulated based on digestible amino acids (DAA) (CSD, CSMD, and CSMFD). The results show that the base of diet formulation improves the performance of quails from 1-21d and the quails show that is possible to replacement of soybean meal with animal-origin by-products such as meat bone meal and feather meal, buts is needed to evaluate more aspects. In conclusion, diets formulated base on DAA for Japanese quails can be utilized with the same efficiency as diets based on TAA.

Studies on pigs prepared with re-entrant cannulas. 2. Disappearance of dry matter, nitrogen and amino acids from diets containing different protein sources

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 627 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Alimon ◽  
DJ Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Meat Meal

Quantitative estimates of disappearances of dry matter, nitrogen and amino acids anterior to the mid-point and terminal ileumof the small intestine were made in pigs prepared with re-entrant cannulas and offered six diets containing wheat alone or supplemented with either meat meal, fish meal, peanut meal, soybean meal or sunflower meal. Apparent digestibilities of dietary dry matter and nitrogen were also estimated by faecal measurements. Disappearance of dry matter and nitrogen was greater anterior to the mid-point than at the end of the small intestine and the rectum. Amounts disappearing at each location and between the three locations differed significantly between protein sources. Up to 10% of dietary dry matter and nitrogen disappeared in the large intestine. For lysine, methionine, threonine and valine, absorption was greater anterior than posterior to the midpoint of the small intestine for all diets except that containing only wheat. Measurements made of the disappearance of amino acids anterior to the large intestine indicated that the apparent availability of the majority of ammo acids of peanut meal, followed by soybean meal, was greater than those of meat meal (52 % crude protein) and fish meal (50 % crude protein).

scholarly journals Protein sources and digestive enzyme activities in jundiá (Rhamdia quelen)

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Lazzari ◽  
João Radünz Neto ◽  
Fabio de Araújo Pedron ◽  
Vania Lucia Loro ◽  
Alexandra Pretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Digestive Enzymes ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Hepatosomatic Index ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities

Digestive enzymes activity influence feed utilization by fish, and its understanding is important to optimize diet formulation. This study reports the digestive enzyme activities of jundiá juveniles fed diets with protein sources. Fish were fed six experimental diets for 90 days: MBY (meat and bone meal + sugar cane yeast), SY (soybean meal + sugar cane yeast), S (soybean meal), MBS (meat and bone meal + soybean meal), FY (fish meal + sugar cane yeast) and FS (fish meal + soybean meal), and then sampled every 30 days and assayed in two intestine sections for digestive enzymes - trypsin, chymotrypsin and amylase - activities; gastric protease was assayed in the stomach. Digestive and hepatosomatic index, intestinal quotient, digestive tract length and weight gain were also measured. Trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were higher (p < 0.0001) in fish fed diets containing animal protein sources (MBY, MBS, FY and FS diets). Alkaline proteases were negatively affected by dietary soybean meal in the SY and S diets. Amylase activity had greater variation between diets and intestine sections. Fish fed MBY and MBS diets showed higher gastric protease activity (p < 0.0001). Weight gains were higher in fish fed the MBS and FS diets (p < 0.05). Highest values (p < 0.05) of digestive tract length were observed in fish fed MBS and FY diets, but no correlation with enzymes activities was found. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) was affected by diet composition. Dietary composition influenced digestive enzymes activities of jundiá.

PSVI-18 Nutritional Value of High-protein Yeast Products Fed to Growing Pigs in Comparison to Commonly Used Protein Sources in Swine Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 204-204
Author(s):  
Ricardo Garavito Duarte ◽  
Jorge Y Perez-Palencia ◽  
Kevin Herrick ◽  
Crystal L Levesque
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Alternative Ingredients ◽  
Diet Formulation ◽  
Swine Diets

Abstract Alternative ingredients and co-products from the ethanol and biofuel industries represent an opportunity for utilization in swine diets. The objective of this study was to determine standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in two yeast-based high protein DDGS products (HP-DDGS) fed to growing pigs in comparison to common swine diet protein sources. Cornstarch-based diets were formulated using six ingredients as the sole source of AA: spray dried HP-GDDS, ring dried HP-GDDS, conventional DDGS, soybean meal (SBM), enzymatically-treated soybean meal (HP300) and fishmeal (FM). A N-free diet was used to estimate endogenous ileal AA losses. Seven barrows (25 ± 0.8 kg BW) were fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum. The experiment was conducted as a 7 × 7 Latin square design with 7 collection periods of 7d (5d adaptation and 2d ileal digesta collection). Pigs were fed at 4% of BW. Diets and ileal digesta were analyzed for AA and titanium. Digestibility values were calculated according to the marker method. The CP and AA concentrations in Spray HP-GDDS and Ring HP-GDDS samples were higher than in the DDGS sample and similar to the SBM and HP300 samples. General SID values were within the mean +/- SD of NRC (2012) values for the six ingredients evaluated. The SID of AA was greater (P &lt; 0.05) in HP300 than in the other protein sources (90.09 vs. 79.97). The SID values were generally similar (P &gt; 0.05) in SBM, FM, Spray HP-GDDS, and Ring HP-GDDS samples (81.49, 78.71, 81.52, and 79.20). The SID values for Lys were greater (P &lt; 0.05) in Spray HP-GDDS than in Ring HP-GDDS and DDGS (83.56 vs. 77.33 and 68.53). The HP-GDDS products are potential alternative ingredients to commonly used protein sources in swine diets and the obtained data allows its use in practical diet formulation.

scholarly journals Effect of protease supplementation on the digestibility of amino acids in animal-origin meals for broiler diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Júlia Marixara Sousa da Silva ◽  
Nayanne Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
Alison Batista Vieira Silva Gouveia ◽  
Rodolfo Alves Vieira ◽  
Ronan Omar Fernandes dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy

Enzymes benefit digestion and absorption of the ingredients and their addition to an animal-origin meal (AOM) can improve its nutritional quality. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of protease on nutrient digestibility, amino acids, and metabolism of AOM energy for broilers. Four hundred and eighty broiler chickens were distributed in a completely randomized design (4 × 2 factorial scheme), eight treatments, six replicates containing 10 birds/replicate. Treatments consisted of poultry viscera meal, swine viscera meal (SVM), bovine meat and bone meal, and basal diet; with and without protease addition. Two tests were performed. In the first test, the total excreta collection method was used with birds at 13 to 20 days of age and 25% of the reference feed was replaced by AOM. In the second test, a protein-free diet was administered to birds at 21 to 24 days of age and AOM replaced 25% of the starch. The inclusion of protease increased the apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance of SVM by 15.99% and the apparent metabolizable crude energy by 5.7%, and it also raised the coefficient of true ileal digestibility of the amino acids in the AOMs by 5.67% on average. The inclusion of protease improved the apparent metabolizable crude energy of AOMs, apparent metabolizable dry matter of bovine meat and bone meal, coefficient of true ileal digestibility of essential amino acids, and apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance of SVM. Dietary supplementation of protease may be a potential strategy to improve the digestibility of amino acids for broilers, a possibility of using animal-origin meals as a protein source of diets.

scholarly journals By-products of the oil industry as sources of amino acids in feed

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-137
Author(s):  
Zorica Tomičić ◽  
Nedeljka Spasevski ◽  
Sanja Popović ◽  
Vojislav Banjac ◽  
Olivera Đuragić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Amino Acid Score ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
By Products

A global increase in the demand for livestock products suggests that there will be a consequent rise in demand for feed, not only of cereals but of other feeds and particularly proteins. In the present study, oil industry by-products such as soybean meal, soybean cake and sunflower meal were analysed as sources of amino acids in animal nutrition. From among oilseed byproducts, the soybean meal content the most of crude protein up to 44% and the best of amino acid composition, while content of crude cellulose (about 6%) is lower in comparison to other oilseed meals. The results showed that the total amino acids in the examined samples ranged from 31.87 to 41.01%, and the total essential and nonessential amino acids varied from 13.41 to 17.38% and from 18.46 to 23.76%, respectively. Generally, the protein contained in soybean meal and cake was rich in essential amino acids. However, because of the lowest amino acid score, methionine was considered as a limiting amino acid in both soybean by-products. On the other hand, soya's meal contained higher level of lysine than other protein-based vegetable alternative to soya like sunflower meals examined in this study. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine and valine were the most abundant amino acids in all tested by-products of the oil industry. Therefore, partial substitution of protein sources in feeds with proteins from the oil industry by-products may improve feed quality.

scholarly journals lleal Digestibilities of Amino Acids in Wheat Bran, Rice Bran, Rapeseed Meal, Grain Sorghum, Meat and Bone Meal and Feather Meal for Growing Pigs

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 407-413
Author(s):  
Shu FURUYA ◽  
Yuji KAJI ◽  
Takeshi ASANO ◽  
Ryuichi MURAYAMA
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Meat And Bone Meal ◽  
Feather Meal ◽  
Bone Meal

scholarly journals Raw Ingredients in Cat Food Manufacturing: Palatability, Digestibility and Halal Issues in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Amir H.M.S ◽  
Mona Z
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Carbohydrate Content ◽  
Bone Meal ◽  
Food Manufacturing ◽  
Method Of Calculation ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Meat Meal ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
By Products ◽  
Meat Bone Meal

Raw ingredients commonly used in the cat food manufacturing are derived fromvarious sources such as meat, meat by products, fish, poultry, vegetables, vegetables byproducts, cereals, fruits, and bones. Meat meal and meat bone meal are unpopular rawingredients since they are manufactured from carcasses and offal of cows, pigs, goats andsheep and may even contain deleterious and unhealthy ingredients. There is the possibility ofthe occurrence of ingredients containing non halal components. There are several types of catfood in the market which are graded based on their ingredients and nutritive values especiallythe protein content. The biological values of the popular protein sources used in cat foodmanufacturing were highlighted. The importance of carbohydrate content, which is mostlynot available on the packaging pack is emphasized and the method of calculation shown.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Availability of Amino Acids in Fish Meal, Soybean Meal and Feather Meal by Chick Growth Assay

1968 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1624-1630 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Feather Meal ◽  
Chick Growth ◽  
Growth Assay

scholarly journals Exploring nutritive profile, metabolizable energy, protein, and digestible amino acids contents of indigenous protein sources of different locations for male broilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 4664-4672 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Azam ◽  
S.N. Qaisrani ◽  
A Khalique ◽  
F Bibi ◽  
C.A. Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Digestible Amino Acids
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