scholarly journals Extending Alkenes’ Value Chain to Functionalized Polyolefins

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Balzade ◽  
Farhad Sharif ◽  
Seyed Reza Ghaffarian Anbaran
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Performance Engineering ◽  
Liquid Petroleum Gas ◽  
Crude Oil Distillation

Naphtha is one of the crude oil distillation products, bringing almost the lowest value-addition to crude oil, compared to other refinery products such as liquid petroleum gas, gasoline, and diesel. However, Naphtha can be converted to one of the highest value products at the end of the value chain, i.e., polyolefins. Although the production of conventional commodity polyolefins from crude oil, is considered as one of the final products in alkenes’ value chain, there are specialty polyolefins with higher values. Specialty polyolefins are small volume, high-performance thermoplastics with high-profit margins compared to traditional commodity polyolefins. Recently, some special purpose functionalized polyolefins have been developed as efficient substituents for high-performance engineering thermoplastics. Polyolefins are exploited as cost-effective platforms to produce these functionalized thermoplastics. They are promising candidates for replacing high-performance polymers with high-cost raw materials and elaborate production processes. So, functional polyolefins have introduced a new paradigm in the production of high-performance thermoplastics, extending the alkenes’ value chain and increasing profitability. High-performance specialty polyolefins may find exceptional markets in niche applications. In this chapter, the commercial specialty and functional polyolefins’ current situation and prospects are reviewed.

Influence of Socio-Economy in the Next Generation of Thermal Management Solutions for Electronics Consumer Products

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Refai-Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electronics Packaging ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Innovative Technology ◽  
Target Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The past few decades have seen a number of countries around the world emerge as a growing market for high performance computers. This present study examines, in more detail, how socio-economic influences are shaping the demand function and how some computing landscapes are changing as a consequence. This study is addressing one of the key initiatives to enable 50 percent of the world’s population with access to the World Wide Web. Furthermore, this investigation is addressing the challenges for electronics packaging Engineers and Researchers. Therefore, the rational of the developed technology based on the understanding target market and usages will be given. The impact of addressing the heat dissipation and managing the use of the raw materials of the intended products are discussed. In addition, how the electronics packaging engineers can focus on developing affordable innovative technology. Finally, the impact of all of the above is examined in developing the cost effective solution from a global point of view.

scholarly journals Enterprise Activity Modeling in Walnut Sector in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13027
Author(s):  
Vitalii Lutsiak ◽  
Taras Hutsol ◽  
Nataliia Kovalenko ◽  
Dariusz Kwaśniewski ◽  
Zbigniew Kowalczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Activity Modeling ◽  
Marketing Activities ◽  
The Given ◽  
Enterprise Activity

The main goal of this study was to provide a critical analysis of the oil and fat sub-complex for deep walnut processing, to determine and compare the profitability of enterprises’ activities under different business models for implementation in the agro-food value chain. The latter was considered as an important factor for the development of the domestic market of walnuts and export opportunities. Business modeling of the enterprise activity in the oil and fat sub-complex for deep walnut processing was carried out. The stages of production and marketing activities of the enterprise from the garden planting or the purchase of the processed raw materials to the sale of the processed raw materials and products obtained from walnut processing depending on the chosen business model were considered. A comparative analysis of profitability of the enterprise activity and absolute values of income and profitability indicators under various business models of the enterprise activity were shown. The most cost-effective business-model entailed the combination of walnut production and its processing, which will provide profitability of up to 4640.32% in the 20th year of the project implementation. The results of the given study are intended for the agricultural enterprises of central region of Ukraine.

scholarly journals A Methodological Approach for Prioritization and Rationalization of Field Genebank Accessions of Coffee Genetic Resources: A Case Study of CATIE International Coffee Collection, Costa Rica

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ehsan Dulloo ◽  
William Solano ◽  
Dominique Dessauw ◽  
Carlos Astorga ◽  
Luigi Guarino
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Coopération Internationale ◽  
Food And Agriculture

Good management of coffee collections is important because they ensure long-term availability of germplasm to guarantee the sustainability of coffee value chain. The conservation of coffee genetic resources is essential to provide the raw materials for breeding and improvement of the crop. Many genetic resources of wild arabica coffee have been collected in the second half of the 20th century by several international collecting missions, including by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, ORSTOM (now IRD), Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), and IPGRI (now Bioversity International), and are conserved in several national genebanks and at the CATIE International Coffee Collection (CICC) in Turrialba, Costa Rica. Over the past decades, many of the original accessions of the CICC have become threatened due to age, pests and diseases, inadequate management, and waterlogging. There is thus an urgent need to rejuvenate and rationalize the collection to ensure the long-term maintenance of the genetic diversity of the original accessions. Here we present the methodological approach we followed to carry out an in-depth assessment of the status of the coffee collection at CATIE and to prioritize accession-specific actions for the rationalization of the collection. This can be used as a model for other collections to assess and rationalize their own field genebank, with a view to improving their management in the most cost-effective way. The study identified many discrepancies between the number of accessions in the field and genebank records and revealed that 80 accessions have been lost from the collection since 2014 and that approximately 80% of the accessions were threatened and in need of intervention. Furthermore, the in-depth study identified the most diverse and valued accessions for the rationalization of the CICC field genebank and those that are in urgent need of safety duplication.

scholarly journals Laser Welding of Transmitting High-Performance Engineering Thermoplastics

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Fábio A.O. Fernandes ◽  
António B. Pereira ◽  
Bernardo Guimarães ◽  
Tiago Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Performance Engineering ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Base Method ◽  
And Performance

Laser processing is a rapidly growing key technology driven by several advantages such as cost and performance. Laser welding presents numerous advantages in comparison with other welding technologies, providing high reliability and cost-effective solutions. Significant interest in this technology, combined with the increasing demand for high-strength lightweight structures has led to an increasing interest in joining high-performance engineering thermoplastics by employing laser technologies. Laser transmission welding is the base method usually employed to successfully join two polymers, a transmitting one through which the laser penetrates, and another one responsible for absorbing the laser radiation, resulting in heat and melting of the two components. In this work, the weldability of solely transmitting high-performance engineering thermoplastic is analyzed. ERTALON® 6 SA, in its white version, is welded by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser. Tensile tests were performed in order to evaluate the quality of each joint by assessing its strength. A numerical model of the joint is also developed to support the theoretical approaches employed to justify the experimental observations.

scholarly journals Reinventing the Portuguese knitwear industry: the case of Pedrosa & Rodrigues private label management model

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (05) ◽  
pp. 469-476
Author(s):  
GRAÇA GUEDES ◽  
PAULO VAZ
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Private Label ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Materials Development ◽  
New Strategy

During the first decade of this century, the Portuguese knitwear industry, and textile cluster, were strongly affected by globalisation and seemed destined to decline. The Portuguese knitwear industry developed for decades a business model based on price as the main competitive factor, and that model was no longer able to support competitiveness against low wages countries. Portuguese knitwear industry made a dramatic change towards a competition based on value to the client. The companies adopted as primary differentiation drives technological innovation, design, fashion, and services customer-oriented, together with more presence on international fairs and exhibitions. The new strategy resulted in the significant growth of exports that reached 40% from 2009 to 2018. The restructuring of the cluster, however, changed it significantly, and the number of companies was reduced by almost 50%. The competitive change made the entire Portuguese textile cluster an international case study where the modern concept of private label business model is central. The business model of private label adopted by the most competitive knitwear companies considered a full package of services to international clients. It integrated the collection’s design, raw materials development, superior finishing, careful and cost-effective confection and sophisticated logistics. Pedrosa & Rodrigues, SA. is a midcap company from Barcelos County, North of Portugal, and is a highly successful example of the new competitive paradigms. This new model is now leading the Portuguese knitwear industry to a higher level in the value chain and gives it a strong reputation worldwide.

Mineral/microfibrillated cellulose composite materials: High performance products, applications, and product forms

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Skuse ◽  
Mark Windebank ◽  
Tafadzwa Motsi ◽  
Guillaume Tellier
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
Product Forms ◽  
Cellulose Composite

When pulp and minerals are co-processed in aqueous suspension, the mineral acts as a grinding aid, facilitating the cost-effective production of fibrils. Furthermore, this processing allows the utilization of robust industrial milling equipment. There are 40000 dry metric tons of mineral/microfbrillated (MFC) cellulose composite production capacity in operation across three continents. These mineral/MFC products have been cleared by the FDA for use as a dry and wet strength agent in coated and uncoated food contact paper and paperboard applications. We have previously reported that use of these mineral/MFC composite materials in fiber-based applications allows generally improved wet and dry mechanical properties with concomitant opportunities for cost savings, property improvements, or grade developments and that the materials can be prepared using a range of fibers and minerals. Here, we: (1) report the development of new products that offer improved performance, (2) compare the performance of these new materials with that of a range of other nanocellulosic material types, (3) illustrate the performance of these new materials in reinforcement (paper and board) and viscosification applications, and (4) discuss product form requirements for different applications.

Parallel Computing for Tire Simulations

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Surendranath ◽  
M. Dunbar
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Rolling Contact ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Parallel Solvers ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Highly Nonlinear

Abstract Over the last few decades, finite element analysis has become an integral part of the overall tire design process. Engineers need to perform a number of different simulations to evaluate new designs and study the effect of proposed design changes. However, tires pose formidable simulation challenges due to the presence of highly nonlinear rubber compounds, embedded reinforcements, complex tread geometries, rolling contact, and large deformations. Accurate simulation requires careful consideration of these factors, resulting in the extensive turnaround time, often times prolonging the design cycle. Therefore, it is extremely critical to explore means to reduce the turnaround time while producing reliable results. Compute clusters have recently become a cost effective means to perform high performance computing (HPC). Distributed memory parallel solvers designed to take advantage of compute clusters have become increasingly popular. In this paper, we examine the use of HPC for various tire simulations and demonstrate how it can significantly reduce simulation turnaround time. Abaqus/Standard is used for routine tire simulations like footprint and steady state rolling. Abaqus/Explicit is used for transient rolling and hydroplaning simulations. The run times and scaling data corresponding to models of various sizes and complexity are presented.

PEMETAAN TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRI KELAPA SAWIT NASIONAL DAN KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGANNYA

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subiyanto Subiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Missing Value ◽  
Technology Capability ◽  
The Government

Palm oil industry in Indonesia has been growing rapidly. But, unfortunately the growth is only effective on upstream industry with low value products, such that potential downstream value added are not explored proportionally. The government is therefore in the process of developing an appropriate policy to strengthen the national palm oil downstream industry. This paper proposes that an approriate policy for developing palm oil downstream industry could be derived from the maps of value chain and existing technology capability of the industry. The result recommends that government policy should emphasize on the supply of raw materials, infrastructure and utilities, as well as developing the missing value chain industry, especially ethoxylation and sulfonation.

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