scholarly journals Radiation-Induced Stromal Sarcoma of Breast: A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Shahram Yousefi Kashi ◽  
Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Standard Chemotherapy ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Stromal Sarcoma ◽  
Local Progression ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Axillary Mass

Introduction: Post-irradiation mammary stromal sarcoma (MSS) is a rare condition, and it is worth learning new knowledge from each case. Case Presentation: We present the case report of a 59-year-old female with a medical history of breast cancer, who presented with an axillary mass on the same side. The patient was further evaluated and finally diagnosed with MSS with chondroid differentiation. Thereafter, she underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy to facilitate the surgical resection of the tumor. However, she experienced local progression and lung metastasis during chemotherapy. Conclusions: MSS with chondroid differentiation was resistant to the standard chemotherapy regimens of sarcoma. Radiotherapy is a potential choice in the case of chemoresistant MSS. Further trials may reveal this notion.

scholarly journals Obsessive-compulsive disorder presenting as chronic dysphagia—a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadia Sultan
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Oropharyngeal Dysphagia ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Surgical Department ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Medically Unexplained ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Medically unexplained oropharyngeal dysphagia (MUNOD) is a rare condition. It presents without demonstrable abnormalities in the anatomy of the upper aero-digestive tract or swallowing physiology. The aim of this case report is to discuss the unique presentation of OCD as chronic dysphagia. Case presentation A 65-year-old woman was admitted with dysphagia and weight loss in surgical department with history of undergoing repeated upper GI endoscopies and laryngoscopies. The patient was finally diagnosed to be suffering from chronic obsessive-compulsive disorder with poor insight and comorbid depression after 3 years of suffering and moving from hospital to hospital. The atypical presentation and poor insight were the major reasons for diagnostic difficulty in this particular case. The patient was given 60 mg fluoxetine and 2 mg risperidone which improved the patient’s symptoms by 40%. Conclusion This case explains the possibility of obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients presenting with unexplained somatic symptoms. It also demonstrated the importance of a timely psychiatric diagnosis and treatment and highlights the importance about awareness of psychiatric illness in doctor community which can reduce patient suffering and unnecessary invasive procedures.

An Obscure Colon Dilatation and its Underlying Cause: Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Anton Stift ◽  
Kerstin Wimmer ◽  
Felix Harpain ◽  
Katharina Wöran ◽  
Thomas Mang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Sigmoid Colon ◽  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Hirschsprung Disease ◽  
Endoscopic Examination ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Idiopathic Megacolon ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Introduction: Congenital as well as acquired diseases may be responsible for the development of a megacolon. In adult patients, Clostridium difficile associated infection as well as late-onset of Morbus Hirschsprung disease are known to cause a megacolon. In addition, malignant as well as benign colorectal strictures may lead to intestinal dilatation. In case of an idiopathic megacolon, the underlying cause remains unclear. Case Presentation: We describe the case of a 44-year-old male patient suffering from a long history of chronic constipation. He presented himself with an obscurely dilated large intestine with bowel loops up to 17 centimeters in diameter. Radiological as well as endoscopic examination gave evidence of a spastic process in the sigmoid colon. The patient was treated with a subtotal colectomy and the intraoperative findings revealed a stenotic stricture in the sigmoid colon. Since the histological examination did not find a conclusive reason for the functional stenosis, an immunohistochemical staining was advised. This showed a decrease in interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the stenotic part of the sigmoid colon. Discussion: This case report describes a patient with an idiopathic megacolon, where the underlying cause remained unclear until an immunohistochemical staining of the stenotic colon showed a substantial decrease of ICCs. Various pathologies leading to a megacolon are reviewed and discussed.

scholarly journals The spontaneous resolution of a vortex vein varix: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L Weidmayer ◽  
Hakan Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Spontaneous Resolution ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Clinical Resolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vortex Vein ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background The natural course of a vortex vein varix, though not well understood, has been known to remain stable. However, here we report a novel case of a vortex vein varix that resolved after an extended period of monitoring. Case presentation An asymptomatic 96-year-old Caucasian man was found to have a vortex vein varix. At his previous examination 13 months prior, his fundus was normal. At 13 months of observation, his vortex vein varix become clinically undetectable. Further follow-up confirmed continued absence of the varix. Conclusion This case demonstrates the development then clinical resolution of a vortex vein varix with no clear identifiable factors for its evolution. This case is novel and offers new insight into the natural history of some vortex vein varices, implicating venous congestion as an instigator and venous collateralization as its alleviator, suggesting that vortex vein varices are likely more common than previously reported since some may be temporary and under-identified.

scholarly journals Bilateral Congenital Humeroradial Synostostis Presenting with Bilateral Proximal Radius Fractures: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
Elsiddig E. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Congenital Abnormalities ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Radius Fractures ◽  
Proximal Radius ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncommon Condition

Congenital bilateral humeroradial synostosis (HRS) is a rare condition. It is generally divided into 2 categories. In the first group, which is mainly sporadic, additional upper limb hypoplasia typically coexists. In the second group, which is classically familial, HRS is commonly an isolated upper extremity anomaly. HRS can lead to variable degrees of functional disability. The clinical case reported here illustrates a possibly avoidable presentation of this uncommon condition. In this case report, we present a 6-week-old male who presented with bilateral radius fractures. Radiography revealed congenital HRS at both elbows. No other associated congenital abnormalities were detected, and there was no family history of similar conditions in any first-degree relatives. In cases of congenital HRS, movement at the elbow joint is not possible. Parents who are unaware of this information might try to straighten their infant’s elbows, which in turn may result in fractures of the proximal radius. Hence, early diagnosis and proper parental education could prevent fractures as a sequela of HRS.

Extensive Extraneural Metastases of Cerebral Glioblastoma in a Pediatric Patient: An Extreme Case Report and Comprehensive Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kadir Oktay ◽  
Dogu Cihan Yildirim ◽  
Arbil Acikalin ◽  
Kerem Mazhar Ozsoy ◽  
Nuri Eralp Cetinalp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Pertinent Literature ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Extraneural Metastases

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Extraneural metastases of glioblastoma are very rare clinical entities, especially in pediatric patients. Because of their rarity, they can be confused with other pathological processes. <b><i>Case Presentation:</i></b> We report a case of 16-year-old boy with extensive extraneural metastases of glioblastoma. Lung, liver, cervical lymph nodes, skin, and bone metastases were detected in the patient. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> We describe the presentation, evaluation, and diagnosis of this rare condition with regard to pertinent literature.

scholarly journals Case Report. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Nivolumab Associated Pneumonitis

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Thomas-Michael Schneider ◽  
Friederike Klenner ◽  
Franz Brettner
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Rehabilitation Hospital ◽  
Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Newly approved immunotherapeutic agents, like CTLA-4 inhibitors and antibodies against PD-1, are a promising therapeutic option in cancer therapy. Case presentation: A 74-year-old man, with a history of advanced stage melanoma and treatment with ipilimumab, pembrolizumab and nivolumab, was admitted to the hospital due to respiratory failure with hypoxemia and dyspnoea. He rapidly developed severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which required treatment in the intensive care unit which included mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Computed tomographic imaging (CT) showed signs of a pneumonitis, with an ARDS pattern related to the use of PD-1 antibodies. Treating the patient with high-dose immunosuppressive steroids led to an overall improvement. He was transferred to a rehabilitation hospital and subsequently to his home. Discussion and conclusion: This is a unique case report of a patient suffering a grade 4 adverse event under nivolumab who survived having been treated with ECMO. It highlights the possibility of associated adverse reactions as well as the use of ECMO in palliative care patients. ECMO can be of great success even in patients with malignancies, but careful decision making should be done on a case by case basis.

scholarly journals Case report: Diagnosis and emergency surgery on a young patient with extensive aortic dissection without any risk factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Shafiee ◽  
Mohsen Shafiee ◽  
Noorollah Tahery ◽  
Omid Azadbakht ◽  
Zeinab Nassari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Aortic Dissection ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Type A aortic dissection is a very dangerous, fatal, and emergency condition for surgery. Acute aortic dissection is a rare condition, such that many patients will not survive without reconstructive surgery. Case presentation We present a case 24-year-old male who came with symptoms of shortness of breath and cough. The patient underwent ECG, chest radiology, and ultrasound, where the patient was found to have right pleural effusion while his ECG was normal. In the history taken from the patient, he had no underlying disease, no history of heart diseases in his family. For a better diagnosis, ETT and aortic CT angiography was performed on the patient which confirmed the evidence of dissection. Immediately after the diagnosis, necessary arrangements were made for open heart surgery and the patient was prepared for surgery. The patient was admitted in the cardiac surgery ICU for 5 days and his medication was carefully administered. After the conditions were stabilized, the patient was transferred to the post-cardiac surgery ICU ward. The patient was discharged from the hospital one week after the surgery and returned to the office as an OPD one week after his discharge. Conclusion Various risk factors can play a role in creating aortic dissection. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to patients’ history for achieving a quick and definitive diagnosis. Therefore, to control the complications of placing the cannula as well as the duration of the surgery, it is very important to reduce the duration of pumping on the patient and to be very careful during the cannula placement.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of HHV-8 Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Stable HIV Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nonso Osakwe ◽  
Diane Johnson ◽  
Natalie Klein ◽  
Dalia Abdel Azim
Keyword(s):  
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Castleman Disease ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 8 ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Multicentric Castleman Disease ◽  
History Of

Background. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare condition associated with viral infections including HIV. Cases have been reported mainly in advanced HIV/AIDS. This is a rare case that reports HLH associated with human herpes virus-8 (HHV-8) associated multicentric Castleman disease in a stable HIV patient. Case Presentation. A 70-year-old Asian male patient with history of stable HIV on medications with CD 4 cell count above 200 presented with cough and fever and was initially treated for pneumonia as an outpatient. Persisting symptoms prompted presentation to the hospital. The patient was found to have anemia which persisted despite repeated transfusion of packed red cells. A bone marrow biopsy to investigate anemia revealed hemophagocytosis. A CT scan revealed multiple enlarged lymph nodes and hepatosplenomegaly. An excisional lymph node biopsy revealed HHV-8 associated multicentric Castleman disease. The patient deteriorated despite initiation of treatment. Conclusion. HLH can occur at any stage of HIV, rapid diagnosis to identify possible underlying reactive infectious etiology and prompt initiation of treatment is crucial to survival.

scholarly journals An unusual cause of delayed hematoma after carotid endarterectomy: a case report

BMC Surgery ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhao ◽  
Zhichao Lai ◽  
Xiaojun Song ◽  
Rong Zeng ◽  
Changwei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Blood Products ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Neck hematoma is a complication of carotid endarterectomy, usually occurring in the comparatively early stage postoperatively. Case presentation We described a patient developing life-threatening hemorrhage and non-clotting hematoma at a comparatively later stage after CEA. DIC was diagnosed according to the lab results, and the patient underwent re-operation and was supported with blood products until the coagulopathy was corrected. The patient had a history of prostatic hyperplasia and experienced malaise during the hospitalization. Prostate cancer with bone metastases was diagnosed. Conclusions This case report describes a rare underlying cause of hematoma after CEA, which reminds us to pay attention to prostate symptoms or related medical history, especially malignancy, in surgical patients, which may result in severe complications.

scholarly journals Unicuspid aortic valve concomitant with aortic insufficiency presenting with infectious endocarditis: a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoko Yuzawa-Tsukada ◽  
Toshikazu D. Tanaka ◽  
Satoshi Morimoto ◽  
Michihiro Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Insufficiency ◽  
Infectious Endocarditis ◽  
Cardiac Abnormality ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Old Japanese ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nonbacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis ◽  
High Turbulence

Abstract Background A unicuspid aortic valve is a rare congenital cardiac abnormality. Despite its uncommon finding on an initial presentation, aortic insufficiency is accompanied with unicuspid aortic valve and this might reflect the natural history of progression in the morphology of unicuspid aortic valve. Case presentation We describe a 65-year-old Japanese man who was evaluated for endocarditis and found to have a unicuspid aortic valve concomitant with moderate aortic insufficiency, which was, owing to the lack of evidence of valve membrane destruction, independent of underlying infectious endocarditis. In addition, aortic insufficiency was progressed because of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis on the ventricular side, in areas of high turbulence around the heart valve. Conclusions Our case is unusual given the unicuspid aortic valve concomitant with aortic insufficiency, which was presumably independent of underlying infectious endocarditis because of the location of the vegetation and the lack of evidence of valve destruction. Therefore, attention should be paid to a variety of complications in the setting of unicuspid aortic valve.

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