Neuroprotection Effect of Quercetin on TNF-α Levels and Gene Expression of Caspase 3 in MPTP-Induced Male NMRI Mice

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of thymoquinone (TQ) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Our study has reported that TQ treatment of experimentally-induced HCC results in the up-regulation of the Jun-N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase pathway (JNK/p38 MAPK) and the enhancement of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and pro-apoptotic machineries. TQ resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells (NFκB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and a significant increase in the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10). The pro-apoptotic effect of TQ was demonstrated through stimulating the apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) gene and inhibiting the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) gene together with increasing the level of caspase 3 and up-regulating the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP-1) gene expression. TQ treatment also enhanced the activity of the ROS scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decreased the level of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA). TQ-dependent suppression of HCC was associated with the up-regulation of JNK/p38 MAPK, enhanced CHOP-1 expression, and subsequently increased Bax gene expression.

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Features of a necrotic and inflammatory process in different forms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Terapevticheskii arkhiv ◽

10.17116/terarkh201789252-58 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 89 (2) ◽

pp. 52-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

I V Kurbatova ◽

O P Dudanova

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Inflammatory Process ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Control Group ◽

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Tnf Α

Aim. To identify the features of development of a necrotic and inflammatory process in different forms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), by comparatively analyzing a full set of clinical and laboratory parameters, including the cytokine status and the expression level of enzyme genes controlling the apoptosis of peripheral leukocytes. Subjects and methods 86 patients with NAFLD, including 8 (9.3%) with hepatic steatosis (HS), 70 (81.4%) with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), 40, 19, and 11 with mild, moderate, and high disease activity, respectively, and 8 (9.3%) with liver cirrhosis (LC), were examined. A control group consisted of 34 healthy donors. Clinical and biochemical blood indices, cytokine profile, and the level of caspase gene transcripts in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were estimated. Results. As compared to the controls, the patients with HS had higher tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels and lower caspase 3, 6, and 8 mRNA in PBL. The concentration of IL-10 in NASH was higher than that in steatosis and positively correlated with the level of proinflammatory cytokines. The levels of TNF-α and IL6 were higher in the patients with NASH than in the controls. Those of C-reactive protein, γ-globulin, IL-6, and cytokeratin-18 fragment increased with the progression of NASH. In the latter, the transcriptional activity of caspase-3 gene decreased relative to the reference value and negatively correlated with the level of proinflammatory cytokines. In the patients with LC, the gene expression profile of caspases in PBL was similar to that in the control group; the level of IL-6 was higher than that in steatosis and NASH, that of IL-1β was higher than in HS and positively correlated the concentration of IL-6 and the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Conclusion. The features of a necrotic and inflammatory process were identified in different forms of NAFLD. When the latter progressed, the cytokine profile and gene expression levels of caspases in PBL altered along with a change in the general clinical picture.

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Hepatoprotective Effects of Lactobacillus on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms19082212 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 2212 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Xiaoyong Chen ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

Ruokun Yi ◽

Jianfei Mu ◽

Xin Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Carbon Tetrachloride ◽

Liver Injury ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Protein Level ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Acute Liver Injury ◽

Lactobacillus Fermentum ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Tnf Α

The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effects of heat-killed and live Lactobacillus on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury mice. The indexes evaluated included liver pathological changes, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum, related gene expression (IL-1β, TNF-α, Bcl-2, and Bax), and related proteins levels (Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, and NF-κB p65). Compared with the model group, the results indicated that the levels of ALT, AST, and MDA in the serum, the expression levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and Bax, and the protein levels of Bax, Caspase 3, and NF-κB p65 significantly decreased, and the pathologic damage degree all significantly reduced after live Lactobacillus fermentum (L-LF) and live Lactobacillus plantarum (L-LP) treatment. Additionally, the levels of SOD and GSH in the serum, the gene expression of Bcl-2, and the protein level of Bcl-2 significantly increased after L-LF and L-LP treatment. Although HK-LF and HK-LP could also have obvious regulating effects on some of the evaluated indexes (ALT, AST, the expression levels of TNF-α and Bax, and the protein level of Bcl-2) and play an important role in weakening liver damage, the regulating effects of L-LF or L-LP on these indexes were all better compared with the corresponding heat-killed Lactobacillus fermentum (HK-LF) and heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum (HK-LP). Therefore, these results suggested that LF and LP have an important role in liver disease.

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Effect of camphor on biochemical factors and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory and apoptotic factors against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats

Journal of Renal Injury Prevention ◽

10.34172/jrip.2021.21 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. e21-e21

Author(s):

Ali Valibeik ◽

Negar Naderi ◽

Abdolhakim Amini ◽

Niloufar Tavakoli Dastjerd ◽

Sobhan Rahimi Monfared ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Tnf Α

Introduction: Camphor is a natural antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and tissue repair properties. Nephrotoxicity is the most important side effect of gentamicin (GEM) administration. Therefore, investigating the effect of natural antioxidants can resolve this complication. Objectives: We aimed to assay the effect of camphor on biochemical factors and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPX]) and inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α], nuclear factor kappa-B [NF-κB], interleukine-6 [IL-6]), and apoptotic indices (BCL2-associated X protein [Bax], B-cell lymphoma 2 [Bcl-2], caspase-3)], against GEM-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were allocated to five groups. Positive control and treatment groups were given GEM to induce nephrotoxicity. Animal treatment groups were treated with camphor in olive oil for 12 days. Renal biopsies, serum, extraction of renal tissue and urine of rats were taken after the twelfth day. Biopsies were examined for structural changes using a light microscope, moreover, apoptosis, desired biochemical and inflammatory factors, were investigated by suitable methods. Results: Camphor had no effect on biochemical factors, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), urea, creatinine and urine protein. However, it reduced the gene expression of TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-6, Bax, and caspase-3 and increased the gene expression of GPX and CAT and Bcl-2. Moreover, camphor improved kidney histopathological changes in the camphor groups in comparison with the GEM group. Conclusion: Camphor can be useful in the attenuation of GEM-induced nephrotoxicity based on expression levels of examined enzymes and factors and improving kidney histopathological changes.

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Imidacloprid exposure cause the histopathological changes, activation of TNF-α, iNOS, 8-OHdG biomarkers, and alteration of caspase 3, iNOS, CYP1A, MT1 gene expression levels in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

Toxicology Reports ◽

10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.12.019 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 125-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Selçuk Özdemir ◽

Serdar Altun ◽

Harun Arslan

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Common Carp ◽

Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Common Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Carp Cyprinus Carpio ◽

Gene Expression Levels

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Ganglion cells apoptosis in diabetic rats as early prediction of glaucoma: a study of Brn3b gene expression and association with change of quantity of NO, caspase-3, NF-κB, and TNF-α

International Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.18240/ijo.2020.12.05 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 1872-1879

Author(s):

Irwan Tjandra ◽

Widya Artini ◽

Nurjati Chairani Siregar ◽

Andi Arus Victor

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Ganglion Cells ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Rna Extraction ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Tnf Α

AIM: To find a new concept to show whether or not apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) can be determined in the histology of acute hyperglycemia in the role of expressed Brn3b gene related to nitric oxide (NO), caspase-3, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) as an early predictor of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes and their associations. METHODS: Experimental in vivo study was carried out using adult male, white Sprague-Dawley rats aged ≥2mo, weighing 150-200 g. The animals were divided into two groups, one group receiving intraperitoneal injection of streptozotociz 50 mg/kg in 0.01 mol/L citric buffer and pH 4.5 and a comparison made with the control group. Retinal tissue was divided into two parts (both experimental and control groups respectively): a) right retina for immunohistochemistry (IHC; caspase-3 and TNF-α); b) left retina was divided into two parts for the purpose of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test (RNA extraction for Brn3b gene expression analysis) and ELISA test (NO and NF-κB). RESULTS: The experimental group showed a decrease in Brn3b gene expression compared to the control group (1.3-fold lower in 2nd month; 1.1-fold lower in 4th month and 2.5-fold lower in 6th month). However, there was a decrease of NO, caspase-3, and an increase of NF-κB and TNF-α quantity. CONCLUSION: The expression of mRNA Brn3b gene is inversely proportional to apoptosis in RGCs. The quantity of NO, caspase-3, NF-κB and TNF-α is influential in expression of Brn3b in RGCs caused by hyperglycemia in diabetic rats.

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Decreased age-related cardiac dysfunction, myocardial nitrative stress, inflammatory gene expression, and apoptosis in mice lacking fatty acid amide hydrolase

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00373.2007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 293 (2) ◽

pp. H909-H918 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Sándor Bátkai ◽

Mohanraj Rajesh ◽

Partha Mukhopadhyay ◽

György Haskó ◽

Lucas Liaudet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Cardiac Function ◽

Caspase 3 ◽

Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase ◽

Acid Amide ◽

Inflammatory Gene Expression ◽

Nitrative Stress ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Amide Hydrolase ◽

Fatty Acid Amide

Recent studies have uncovered important cross talk between inflammation, generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular aging. Inhibition of the endocannabinoid anandamide metabolizing enzyme, the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), is emerging as a promising novel approach for the treatment of various inflammatory disorders. In this study, we have investigated the age-associated decline of cardiac function and changes in inflammatory gene expression, nitrative stress, and apoptosis in FAAH knockout (FAAH−/−) mice and their wild-type (FAAH+/+) littermates. Additionally, we have explored the effects of anandamide on TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression and monocyte-endothelial adhesion in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs). There was no difference in the cardiac function (measured by the pressure-volume conductance catheter system) between 2- to 3-mo-old (young) FAAH−/− and FAAH+/+ mice. In contrast, the aging-associated decline in cardiac function and increased myocardial gene expression of TNF-α, gp91phox, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, caspase-3 and caspase-9, myocardial inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression, nitrotyrosine formation, poly (ADP-ribose)polymerase cleavage and caspase-3/9 activity, observed in 28- to 31-mo-old (aging) FAAH+/+ mice, were largely attenuated in knockouts. There was no difference in the myocardial cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor gene expression between young and aging FAAH−/− and FAAH+/+ mice. Anandamide dose dependently attenuated the TNF-α-induced ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression, NF-κB activation in HCAECs, and the adhesion of monocytes to HCAECs in a CB1- and CB2-dependent manner. These findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of FAAH may represent a novel protective strategy against chronic inflammation, oxidative/nitrative stress, and apoptosis associated with cardiovascular aging and atherosclerosis.

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