scholarly journals First Report of Multi-resistant Escherichia fergusonii Isolated from Children Under Two Months of Age in Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mildred Azucena Rivera-Galindo ◽  
Gauddy Lizeth Manzanares-Leal ◽  
Luz Marcela Caro-Gonzalez ◽  
Erika Santos-Ramirez ◽  
Hugo Mendieta-Zeron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Taxonomic Assignment ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
First Report ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method

Background: Gram-negative bacilli are primarily responsible for the most common pediatric infections. Frequently, Escherichia fergusonii is identified as E. coli because of its close genetic proximity. Objectives: We aimed at the isolation and identification of multi-resistant strains of E. fergusonii, affecting children under two months of age. Methods: Strains were isolated from infectious processes and were identified phenotypically and molecularly. The microdilution method (MicroScan, autoSCAN-4) and the disk diffusion method (modified Kirby Bauer) were used to analyze antibiotic susceptibility. Results: Strains isolated were multi-resistant. Molecular identification provided the correct taxonomic assignment. Escherichia fergusonii strains were wrongly identified as E. coli with the phenotypic identification method. In addition, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were identified. The best sensitivity results were obtained with Ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam. Conclusions: We provided the first report of isolation and identification of multi-resistant E. fergusonii strains affecting children under two months of age in a neonatal intensive care unit.

scholarly journals Gram-negative bacilli causing infections in an intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Istanbul, Turkey

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (05) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seniha Senbayrak Akcay ◽  
Asuman Inan ◽  
Simin Cevan ◽  
Ayse Nilufer Ozaydın ◽  
Naz Cobanoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli

Introduction: This study aimed to demonstrate the changing epidemiology of infecting microorganisms and their long-term resistance profiles and to describe the microbiological point of view in anti-infective management of intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methodology: A total of 5,690 isolates of Gram-negative bacilli were included in this study. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method and Vitek 2 system. Chi-square tests were used for hypothesis testing. Results: The most frequently isolated organisms were A. baumannii (37.3%), P. aeruginosa (30.3%), Enterobacter spp. (10.4%), E. coli (10.4%), and Klebsiella spp. (8.9%). A. baumannii was the most frequently isolated organism from the respiratory tract (43.4%); the susceptibility rates for imipenem and meropenem decreased to 7% and 6% (p < 0.0001), respectively. The percentage of multidrug-resistant (MDR) A. baumannii isolates continuously increased from 18.7% in 2004 to 69% in 2011 (p < 0.0001), whereas MDR P. aeruginosa isolates increased from 1.5% to 22% (p < 0.0001). Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella isolates emerged in 2010 and increased to 20% in the next year. The rates of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the ICU was very high in 2011 – 50% for E. coli and 80% for Klebsiella strains. Conclusion: The most common isolated Gram-negative bacillus in our study was A. baumannii and that the prevalence of MDR isolates has increased markedly over. Accordingly, the comparison of antibiotic resistance of other pathogens in 2004 and 2011 displayed an increasing trend. These data imply the urgent need for new and effective strategies in our hospital and in the region.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance and epidemiology of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae isolates from the intensive care unit in an affiliated hospital of University, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Chen ◽  
Guoliang Yang ◽  
Wenping Li ◽  
Mingcheng Li
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Broth Microdilution Method

Abstract Background：Concerns are increasing over the importance of the hospital intensive care units (ICU) for the transmission of extended spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBLs) -producing Enterobacteriaceae. We reported the clinical characteristics and epidemiology of ESBLs isolates collected from a tertiary care hospital in China. Methods：Escherichia coli（E. coli）and Enterobacter cloacae （E. cloacae）isolates from ICU infection samples were isolated and identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and production of ESBLs were determined by using the disk diffusion method and the broth microdilution method. Clonality of isolates was determined by ERIC-PCR techniques. Results：From the included the 223 strains isolated from hospitalized patients with nosocomial infections in ICU during 2016 to 2018, the majority of isolates belonged to Gram-negative Enerobacteriaceae including E. coli (46.6% of all strains), and E. cloacae (46.2% of all strains). 63.25% of samples were separated from sputum or tracheal secretions. All of 207 isolates, ESBL-screen positive E. coli was 45.2% (47/104), and 44.7% (46/103) for E. cloacae. Resistance rates of ESBLs-producing E. coli and E. cloacae isolates were 95.5%-91.3% for ampicillin, 80.6%-76.1% for ampicillin/azobactam, 88.1%-28.3% for ciprofloxacin, 89.6%-15.2% for levofloxacin, 34.3%-45.7% for netilmicin, 82.1%-41.3% for compound sulfamethoxazole, 20.9%-43.5% for amikacin, 58.2%-37.0% for gentamicin, 20.9%-69.6% for piperacillin/tazobactam. All of ESBLs-producer isolates resistant to cefazolin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefepime in additon to aztreonam were 100%, whereas the susceptibilities of isolates to imipenem and meropenem were 100%. Results of ERIC-PCR in all of ESBLs-producing E. coli isolates exhibited 11 distinct patterns using a similarity coefficient of 0.8. And one distinct ERIC profiles were observed amongst 46 strains of ESBLs-producing E. cloacae. ERIC profiles demonstrated an outbreak of nosocomial infection and ESBLs-producing E. coli and E. cloacae prevalent in the ICU of this hospital.Conclusions：Our data indicate that the ESBLs-producing E. coli and E. cloacae clones are circulating in the ICU and constitute a major source for further disseminating in this hospital. It is necessary to increase surveillance and development of adequate prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Bacterial Contamination Associated with Retail Chicken Carcasses in Osogbo, Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 045-050
Author(s):  
Adesiji Yemisi Olukemi ◽  
Igbinigie Mavis Osas ◽  
Olaitan Janet Olubukola ◽  
Ogah Ikhevha Jeremiah
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Chicken Carcass ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Food Borne Illness

Abstract Background: Worldwide, food borne illness is often associated with consumption of meat and poultry products sold at retail markets. A study on the bacteriological status of chicken carcass in Osogbo, Nigeria, was carried out to determine the prevalence of Arcobacter species, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in chicken carcasses. Methodology: A total of 100 samples of chicken carcasses were collected from two major processing points in Osogbo, Nigeria. The samples were analysed for the presence of bacterial contaminants using standard microbiological isolation and identification procedures, with antimicrobial susceptibility test performed using the disk diffusion method. Result: Of hundred chicken carcasses sampled, 38% were positive for Arcobacter species and E. coli while 60% accounted for S. aureus isolates. Ninety percent of Arcobacter spp isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, 85% to gentamicin, and pefloxacin, 70% to chloramphenicol and 90% were resistant to amoxicillin, 85% to augumentin and 80% to streptomycin. Hundred percent of E. coli isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, 95% to gentamicin and 100% were resistant to streptomycin, 85 % resistant to amoxicillin, augumentin, while 100% of S. aureus isolates were susceptible to trimethoprim sulphamethoxazole, 90% susceptible to gentamicin, 80% to streptomycin and 100% of the S.aureus isolates were resistant to ampliclox. Conclusion: The bacteriological status of chicken carcass revealed high contamination with Arcobacter, E coli and S. aureus with varying degree of antibiotic resistance therefore, improvement in meat processing procedures and strict hygiene measures towards reduction of these pathogens in food products should be encouraged.

scholarly journals An Outbreak of Burkholderia Cepacia Septicemia in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Peshawar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullah ◽  
Maria Khan ◽  
Danyal Amjad ◽  
Farah Shireen ◽  
Shah masoom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Blood Samples

Abstract Background: Burkholderia cepacia (formerly Pseudomonas) is a gram-negative bacillus that can remain viable in low-nutrient water and is typically found in soil and moist settings. It is one of the leading causes of sepsis in infants, and it is spread by human contact with contaminated medical devices and disinfectants. B. cepacia has emerged as a significant opportunistic pathogen in hospitalized and immunocompromised patients, colonizing the lungs of individuals with cystic fibrosis. Hospital outbreaks have been associated to infected faucets, nebulizers, disinfection solutions, multi-dose antibiotic vials, drinking water, distilled water, flowmeters, nasal sprays, and ultrasound gels. We describe our investigation and successful management of a nosocomial Burkholderia cepacia sepsis outbreak in a tertiary care hospital's newborn intensive care unit in Peshawar, Pakistan.Methodology: Blood samples from 50 newborns with sepsis were collected using a standardized approach and incubated using an automated blood culture system (BACT/Alert 3D and BACTEC 9050). Disk diffusion and the Minimum inhibitory concentration methods were used to test antimicrobial susceptibility. Gram staining was used to identify bacteria, and API (Analytical Profile Index) 20 NE was used to characterize them biochemically. Environmental and epidemiological investigations were also conduct to investigate the source and route of infection.Results: All of the 50 patients admitted in NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) were included in this study, and had lately-onset neonatal sepsis, with B. cepacia. During an epidemic in the NICU from 30th, April to 21st, June 2021, B. cepacia was isolated from over 45 blood samples. In total 45 neonates 17(35%) were female and 28 (65%) were male. Average age of neonates was 14.88 days. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on Muller Hinton agar using Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method and interpreted according to Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI 2021) guidelines. As B. cepacia has intrinsic resistant to polymyxin class (colistin sulphate) of antibiotics, the susceptibility pattern of all isolates were almost similar i.e. showing resistance to tetracycline 100% (minocycline) and cephalosporin 3rd generation 100% (ceftazidime). The isolates were 100% sensitive to fluoroquinolones (levofloxacin), carbapenem 100% (meropenem), chloramphenicol 100% and sulfonamide 100% (co trimaxazole).Conclusion: In present study, the index case might have been exposed to infection due to an intravenous fluid utilized for fluid and electrolyte replacement for intravenous delivery were the source of the current nosocomial outbreak and physiological state of low immunity (preterm, low birth weight, and mechanical ventilation). The rest of the cases might have been exposed to this organism due to inadequate hand hygiene/improper cleaning and disinfection practices. Timely reporting and implementation of infection control measures can play a significant role in curtailing this outbreak.

Detection of Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Clinical and Intensive Care Unit Environmental Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-762
Author(s):  
Omid Zarei ◽  
Hassan Mahmoudi ◽  
Ali Mohammadi Bardbari ◽  
Pezhman Karami ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Human Infections

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative non-glucose fermenting aerobic bacteria and an opportunistic pathogen in humans and animals. The present study was carried out to investigate the distribution of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance properties of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients and intensive care unit (ICU) environment. Material and Methods: A total of 116 P. aeruginosa isolated from patients and ICU environment were collected from Besat hospital in Hamadan, the West of Iran. P. aeruginosa isolates were analyzed based on the presence of the virulence factors encoding genes included exoA, exoS, exoU, and algD using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using a disk diffusion method. Results: The results showed the prevalence of exoA 33 (56.9%), exoS 21 (36.20%), exoU 37 (63.8%), and algD 35 (60.34%) genes in ICU environment P. aeruginosa strains and exo A 23 (39.25%), exoS 25 (43.1%), exoU 40(68.98%), and algD 25 (43.1%) genes in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. High resistance levels of the clinical and ICU environment isolate to ampicillinsulbactam (100%), were also observed. Conclusions: Our findings should raise awareness about antibiotic resistance in hospitalized patients in Iran. Clinicians should exercise caution in prescribing antibiotics, especially in cases of human infections.

scholarly journals Investigation of Pathogenic Escherichia Coli from Diarrheic Calves in Selective Area of Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
AKMA Islam ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
A Nahar ◽  
A Khair ◽  
MM Alam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diarrheic Calves

Molecular technique was used to investigate the prevalence of virulent diarrheic genes in pathogenic Escherichia coli and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. A hundred samples from 100 different diarrheic calves from mid-north-western part of Bangladesh were screened for the presence of virulence factors associated with diarrhea. Following isolation and identification on the basis of cultural, morphological and biochemical properties, the presence of the virulence genes such as eaeA, bfpA, elt, est, stx1 and stx2 were examined using PCR. Antimicrobial susceptibility of 57 E. coli was determined by agar disk diffusion method for 8 antimicrobial agents. Out of 100 samples 57 (57%) were found to be positive for E. coli and their distribution rates according to their age, breed and sex were  66.7% ( 6 days old ), 85.7% (Sahiwal breed) and in  64.2 % (female calves) respectively. Among 57 E. coli isolates, only 16 isolates were analyzed for the detection of the said genes. Among them, only eaeA gene was detected in 2 E. coli isolates (12.5 %). Antibiotic resistance patterns revealed that Oxacillin, Rifampicin and Penicillin were  100% resistant followed by Erythromycin which was more than 80% resistant. In case of Amoxicillin and Tetracycline, about 59.65% and 61.40% were found to be resistant respectively whereas all 57 E. coli isolates showed moderately susceptible (30%) to Cefuroxime, a second generation Cephalosporin. Therefore, none of the eight antimicrobials studied can not be recommended as single best therapeutic agent for the treatment of neonatal calf diarrhea. In addition, this study indicated that diarrhea in calves in these locations can be ascribed to mainly Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) which was atypical (only contained the eaeA genes but not bfpA). However, further studies are necessary to characterize the isolated eaeA gene positive E. coli by serotyping, tissue culture assay and other molecular techniques to find out the potentiality of those virulent genes contributing pathogenicity of E. coli causing diarrhea in calves.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v13i1.23716Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2015). 13 (1): 45-51

scholarly journals First report of two consecutive respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks by the novel genotypes ON-1 and NA-2 in a neonatal intensive care unit

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-239
Author(s):  
Daniella Gregoria Bomfim Prado da Silva ◽  
Flávia Jacqueline Almeida ◽  
Mariana Volpe Arnoni ◽  
Marco Aurélio Palazzi Sáfadi ◽  
Marcelo Jenne Mimica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
The Novel ◽  
First Report ◽  
Syncytial Virus

scholarly journals Exploring Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Eggs in Rajshahi

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
Md Hakimul Haque ◽  
Md. Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Md. Lovelu Miah ◽  
Soshe Ahmed ◽  
Md. Rabiul Islam Sazib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Chicken eggs are a major component of people’s diets, with an average yearly consumption of approximately 103 eggs per person in Bangladesh. Eggs act as an important carrier of food-borne pathogen worldwide. The study was conducted to identify the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus spp., in eggs isolated from farms and different markets of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. A total of 60 eggs were collected randomly between April to December 2019. The isolation and identification of bacterial pathogen was done in accordance with standard procedures. The bacterial isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing against seven commonly used antibiotics using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. An overall prevalence of E. coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus spp. were found to be 35.0%, 28.33%, and 23.33%, respectively. E. coli were found highly resistant to penicillin (100%), tetracycline (80.95%), ampicillin (100%), and erythromycin (85.71%) and were sensitive to amoxicillin (71.42%), ciprofloxacin (85.71%), and gentamicin (95.23%). Salmonella spp. was highly resistant to penicillin (100%), erythromycin (82.35%) and tetracycline (82.35%), and was sensitive to gentamicin (94.11%), amoxicillin (76.47%) and ciprofloxacin (70.58%). Staphylococcus spp. was resistant to penicillin (100%), erythromycin (78.57%), tetracycline (85.71%), amoxicillin (100%), and ampicillin (100%) but sensitive to ciprofloxacin (85.71%), and gentamicin (92.85%). The higher prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria can easily enter the food chain, which poses a public health threat.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document