scholarly journals Association Analysis Between Interleukin 1 Beta Locus-511 Gene Polymorphism and Bipolar I Disorder: A Case-Control Study in an Iranian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Talaei ◽  
Mahya Mojahedi ◽  
Jalil Tavakkol-Afshari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Fayyazi Bordbar ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Shakeri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Genotypic Frequency ◽  
Bipolar I Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Previous Pilot Study

Background: Bipolar I disorder (BP-I) is one of the significant disabling psychiatric disorders resulting in severe deficits in the social and personal function of suffering patients. Among its etiologies, immunologic and genetic disturbances are two important areas of interest. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the potential role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-511 polymorphism in BP-I pathogenesis based on a previous pilot study. Methods: After diagnostic interviews held by two psychiatrists using structured clinical interview for DSM disorder (SCID), 102 bipolar-diagnosed hospitalized patients in Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Mashhad, Iran, were selected and compared with 102 healthy individuals of the control group. The DNA was extracted from the blood samples of each group. Genetic locus -511 of IL-1β was defined by its specific primers. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) were also carried out. The two groups’ results were compared by SPSS-20 using the chi-square test. Results: There were no significant differences in the genotypic frequency of IL-1β locus -511 (P = 1) and C/T allelic frequency (P = 0.42) between bipolar and control groups. There was also no significant difference in the allelic frequency between psychotic and non-psychotic subgroups (P = 0.218) and suicidal and non-suicidal subgroups of bipolar patients (P = 0.829). The genotypic distribution of -511 IL-1β polymorphisms in the control group was in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Conclusions: In contrast with a previous pilot study, this study found no relationship between BP-I and genotypic and C/T allelic frequencies of -511 IL-1β polymorphism. There were also no associations between the allelic frequency and two subgroups of psychotic/non-psychotic and suicidal/non-suicidal of bipolar patients.

The Effect of Reflexology on Lactation in Women Who Had Cesarean Section: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sevde Aksu ◽  
Pelin Palas Karaca
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast Pain ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Documentation Tool ◽  
And Control

<b><i>Aim:</i></b> The research was conducted as a randomized controlled pilot study to evaluate the effects of reflexology on lactation in mothers who delivered by cesarean section (CS). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A single-blind randomized controlled experimental study was conducted with a total of 60 postpartum women in the reflexology application (<i>n</i> = 30) and control groups (<i>n</i> = 30). After the CS, the mothers in the control group were given approximately 3-h routine nursing care after recovering from the effects of anesthesia; the introductory information form was applied, and the Breastfeeding Charting System and Documentation Tool (LATCH) and visual analog scale (VAS) for the signs of the onset of lactation were implemented on the first and second days. Reflexology was applied to the women in the intervention group after an average of 3 h following the mother’s condition had become stable and she had recovered from the effects of anesthesia. Reflexology was applied a total of 20 min – 10 min for the right foot, 10 min for the left foot – twice a day with 8-h intervals on the first and second days after CS. After the last reflexology application, the LATCH and VAS for the signs of the onset of lactation were applied. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the women, 70% breastfed their babies within 60 min after delivery; 46.7% of the mothers received breastfeeding training and 81.7% needed support for breastfeeding after the CS. The LATCH breastfeeding scores of the women in the intervention group on both days were significantly higher compared to those of the women in the control group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). On the first day after the CS, apart from breast pain, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of breast heat and breast tension (<i>p</i> &#x3e; 0.05). On the second day after the CS, apart from breast tension, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of breast heat and breast pain (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). In the study, women in the intervention group were found to have higher scores in terms of all three symptoms compared to the control group (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In the study, it was determined that LATCH scores and signs of the onset of breastfeeding increased in the mothers who received reflexology after CS.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Leukocyte Entry into the Brain by the Selectin Blocker Fucoidin Decreases Interleukin-1 (IL-1) Levels but Increases IL-8 Levels in Cerebrospinal Fluid during Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis in Rabbits

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 3153-3157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Østergaard ◽  
Runa Vavia Yieng-Kow ◽  
Thomas Benfield ◽  
Niels Frimodt-Møller ◽  
Frank Espersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Experimental Pneumococcal Meningitis

ABSTRACT The polysaccharide fucoidin is a selectin blocker that inhibits leukocyte recruitment into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during experimental pneumococcal meningitis. In the present study, the effect of fucoidin treatment on the release of the proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and IL-8 into the CSF was investigated. Rabbits (n = 7) were treated intravenously with 10 mg of fucoidin/kg of body weight every second hour starting 4 h after intracisternal inoculation of ∼106 CFU of Streptococcus pneumoniae type 3 (untreated control group, n = 7). CSF samples were obtained every second hour during a 16-h study period. Treatment with fucoidin caused a consistent and significant decrease in CSF IL-1 levels (in picograms per milliliter) between 12 and 16 h (0 versus 170, 0 versus 526, and 60 versus 1,467, respectively;P < 0.02). A less consistent decrease in CSF TNF-α levels was observed in the fucoidin-treated group, but with no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). In contrast, there was no attenuation in CSF IL-8 levels. Indeed, there was a significant increase in CSF IL-8 levels (in picograms per milliliter) in the fucoidin-treated group at 10 and 12 h (921 versus 574 and 1,397 versus 569, respectively;P < 0.09). In conclusion, our results suggest that blood-derived leukocytes mainly are responsible for the release of IL-1 and to some degree TNF-α into the CSF during pneumococcal meningitis, whereas IL-8 may be produced by local cells within the brain.

scholarly journals The potentiation of Mangifera casturi bark extract on interleukin- 1β and bone morphogenic protein-2 expressions during bone remodeling after tooth extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Bayu Indra Sukmana ◽  
Theresia Indah Budhy ◽  
I Gusti Aju Wahju Ardani
Keyword(s):  
Bone Remodeling ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Bone Morphogenic Protein ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bone Morphogenic Protein 2

Background: The main oral health problem in Indonesia is the high number of tooth decay. Tooth extraction is the treatment often received by patients who experience tooth decay and the wound caused by alveolar bone resorption. Bark of Mangifera casturi has been studied and proven to contain secondary metabolite which has the ability to increase osteoblast’s activity and suppress osteoclast’s activity. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) activities during bone remodeling after Mangifera casturi’s bark extract treatment. Method: This study was laboratory experimental research with randomized post-test only control group design. The Mangifera casturi bark was extracted using 96% ethanol maceration and n-hexane fractionation. This study used 40 male Wistar rats which are divided into 4 groups and the tooth extraction was performed on the rats’ right mandible incisive tooth. The four groups consisted of 6.35%, 12.7%, 25.4% extract treatment group, and a control group. Wistar’s mandibles were decapitated on the 7th and 14th day after extraction. Antibody staining on preparations for the examination of IL-1β and BMP-2 expressions was done using immunohistochemistry. Result: There was a significant difference of IL-1β and BMP-2 expressions in 6,35%, 12,7%, and 25,4% treatment groups compared to control group with p<0.05. Conclusion: Mangifera casturi’s bark extract was able to suppress the IL-1β expression and increase the BMP-2 expression during bone remodeling after tooth extraction.

scholarly journals Resistant Maltodextrin Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Intestinal Inflammatory Injury by Increasing Butyric Acid to Inhibit Proinflammatory Cytokine Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Shilan Wang ◽  
Shiyi Zhang ◽  
Shimeng Huang ◽  
Zhenhua Wu ◽  
Jiaman Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resistant Maltodextrin

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), one kind of intestinal chronic inflammatory disease, is characterized by colonic epithelial barrier injury, overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, and fewer short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The present study is aimed at testing the hypothesis that resistant maltodextrin (RM), a soluble dietary fiber produced by starch debranching, alleviated dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced colitis in mice. Female C57BL/6 mice with or without oral administration of 50 mg/kg RM for 19 days were challenged with 3% DSS in drinking water to induce colitis (from day 14 to day 19). Although RM could not reverse DSS-induced weight loss or colon shortening, it reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and epithelial damage in colon tissue, as well as the transfer of intestinal permeability indicators including serum diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactic acid (D-LA). ELISA analysis indicated that RM significantly suppressed the increase of Th1 cytokines induced by DSS in the colon such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). The levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-17, and IL-8 in the DSS group were significantly higher than those in the control group and RM group, but no significant difference was observed in the RM-DSS group compared with the RM group. Interestingly, IL-10 levels of the DSS group were significantly higher than those of the other groups. With respect to SCFAs, DSS administration significantly decreased the concentration of faecal butyric acid while the RM-DSS group showed a tendency to increase (P=0.08). In general, RM alleviated dextran sulfate sodium-induced intestinal inflammation through increasing the level of butyric acid and subsequently inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals Oral Hygiene in a Sample of Children/Adolescents Living in Family-Homes from the Province of Milan (Italy): A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Nota ◽  
Floriana Bosco ◽  
Shideh Ehsani ◽  
Francesca Giugliano ◽  
Giulia Moreo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instructions

Objective: This pilot study is a prospective controlled clinical trial, designed to evaluate the short-term clinical results (the plaque index) of an educational/motivational program for home oral hygiene, directed to children and adolescents who live in family-homes. Methods: The setting of the project was the province of Milan (Italy), where two family-homes were selected. The study group included 26 children (16 females and 10 males) aged between 7 and 15 years, of Italian nationality, from the family-home communities. The control group included 26 children (15 females and 11 males, aged between 7 and 15 years) of Italian nationality, matched for age and gender distribution with the study group, that were not in a socially disadvantaged condition. Collection of the plaque index (PI) was performed at t0. Then, all basic oral hygiene instructions were given to all children/adolescents and their educators. Education and motivation were repeated in the same way after 4–7 weeks (T1), and after 10–12 weeks (T2). The PI was taken also at T1 and T2. Results: An improvement in the PI was generally found in both groups, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups over time. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed a statistically significant effect of time [F (1, 52) = 90.73, p < 0.001], regardless of the assignment group, in consequence of which the plaque index presented a moderate and significant improvement. Conclusion: The present data confirm the validity of the educational/motivational program to improve oral hygiene in children/adolescents, regardless of the assignment group.

Vestibular rehabilitation using video gaming in adults with dizziness: a pilot study

2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Phillips ◽  
J Fitzgerald ◽  
D Phillis ◽  
A Underwood ◽  
I Nunney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Vestibular Rehabilitation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rehabilitation Protocol ◽  
Wii Fit ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractObjective:To determine the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation using the Wii Fit balance platform, in adults with dizziness.Methods:A single-site prospective clinical trial was conducted in a university hospital in the UK. Forty patients with dizziness, who would normally be candidates for vestibular rehabilitation, were identified and considered as potential participants. Participants were randomised into either the treatment group (the Wii Fit group) or the control group (standard customised vestibular rehabilitation protocol). Participants were assessed over a 16-week period using several balance and quality of life questionnaires.Results:Both exercise regimes resulted in a reduction of dizziness and an improvement in quality of life scores over time, but no statistically significant difference between the two interventions was identified.Conclusion:This pilot study demonstrated that use of the Wii Fit balance platform resulted in a statistically significant improvement in balance function and quality of life. Furthermore, outcomes were comparable to a similar group of individuals following a standard customised vestibular rehabilitation protocol. The study provides useful information to inform the design and execution of a larger clinical trial.

scholarly journals Influence of Intra-Articular Administration of Trichostatin A on Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation in a Rabbit Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huacheng Hou ◽  
Ke Zheng ◽  
Guanghu Wang ◽  
Shiro Ikegawa ◽  
Minghao Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Trichostatin A ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteochondral Transplantation ◽  
Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation ◽  
Significant Difference

Autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) is a method for articular cartilage repair. However, several disadvantages of this method have been reported, such as transplanted cartilage degeneration and the lack of a connection between the grafted and adjacent cartilage tissues. To evaluate the effect of intra-articular administration of trichostatin A (TSA) on AOT, we conducted a case control study in a rabbit model. International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) macroscopic scores, the modified O’Driscoll histology scores, and real-time PCR were utilized to evaluate the results. At 4 weeks, both macroscopic and histological assessments showed that there was no significant difference between the TSA and control groups. However, the mean macroscopic and histological scores for the TSA-treated group were significantly higher than the scores for the control group at 12 weeks. TSA was shown to directly reduce collagen type II (COL2), aggrecan, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain with thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5) expression and to simultaneously repress the upregulation of MMP-3, MMP-9, and MMP-13 levels induced by interleukin 1β(IL-1β) in chondrocytes. In conclusion, TSA protects AOT grafts from degeneration, which may provide a benefit in the repair of articular cartilage injury.

scholarly journals Interleukin 1-beta analysis in chronically inflamed and healthy human dental pulp

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Subaric ◽  
Aleksandar Mitic ◽  
Vladimir Matvijenko ◽  
Radovan Jovanovic ◽  
Dusan Zivkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Pulp Inflammation ◽  
Significant Difference

Background/Aim. Proinflammatory cytokines can act like endogenous pyrogen interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF ?) which regulate the synthesis of secondary mediators and other proinflammatory cytokines through macrophages and mesenchymal cells. They stimulate acute-phase proteins and attract inflammatory cells. The aim of this study was to determine interleukin 1-? (IL-1 ?) concentrations in chronically inflamed and healthy dental pulps. Methods. A total of 41 pulps (19 from patients with pulpitis chronic causa and 22 from patients with pulpatis chronic aperta), divided into two groups, were obtained from teeth with chronic pulp inflammation. The control group consisted of 12 teeth with healthy pulp. After extirpation, pulp samples were immediately placed in sterile Eppendorf tubes and frozen. After that, homogenisation was performed by a Teflon? pestle in ice-cold phosphate buffer solution at pH 7.4 whose volume was adjusted according to the weight of tissue. The supernatant was then frozen at -70?C until the performance of appropriate biochemical analyses. Cytokine IL-1 ? value was determined by a commercial enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA test). We applied the high sensitivity system technique, which may register low levels of cytokines, ranging from 0.125 to 8.0 pg/mL for IL-1 ?. Results. By comparing the mean value of IL-1?, in the pulps we can see a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) among them. The highest value of IL-1 ? was in the subjects with pulpitis chronica clausa and it was 6.21 ? 2.70 pg/mL. Conclusion. Proinflammatory cytokine IL-1 ? is present in detectable quantities in the pulp tissue of all vital pulps. Its highest concentrations were found in the sample group with pulpitis chronica clausa.

scholarly journals A Randomized Control Trial Study to Determine the Effect of Melatonin on Serum Levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Yosefifard ◽  
Gholamhassan Vaezi ◽  
Ali Akbar Malekirad ◽  
Fardin Faraji ◽  
Vida Hojati
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common neurological disease that happens at a young age. MS is an inflammatory disease; associated with the demyelination of the central nervous system. Therefore, some inflammatory factors are effective in the mechanism and progression of the disease. Melatonin, as a multi-effect substance including anti-inflammatory effects, can reduce symptoms of MS in patients with a change in their inflammatory factors level. In this study, 50 MS patients who were referred to the MS Society of Markazi Province were randomly selected. All patients were treated with routine MS treatment (interferon) and were divided into control (25 placebo recipients) and treatment (25 recipients of 3 mg melatonin per day for 24 weeks) groups. Anthropometric data of patients including height, weight, and age were determined. Blood samples were collected after fasting in order to determine serum levels of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Then, samples were immediately centrifuged for serum separation and sera were transferred to a freezer at -80°C and serum levels of these factors were determined; using ELISA kit. The results of this study showed that there was no significant difference between the control and treatment groups in terms of serum levels of TNF-α. However, the level of IL-1β was significantly reduced in the treatment group compared to the control group, indicating that melatonin decreases this inflammatory substance. Our findings suggest a valuable strategy in the treatment of patients who suffer from MS

scholarly journals Contribution of rs1799998 polymorphism in CYP11B2 gene in susceptibility to preeclampsia

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-471
Author(s):  
Kaio Raffael Valotta Bezerra ◽  
Sarah Cristina Sato Vaz Tanaka ◽  
Vanessa Resende Souza Silva ◽  
Marina Carvalho Paschoinni ◽  
Roseane Lopes da Silva Grecco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Recessive Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Genotypic Frequency ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Objectives: the present study aimed to evaluate the association between the rs1799998 polymorphism of the CYP11B2 gene and the susceptibility to preeclampsia (PE) in a Brazilian population. Methods: the study group comprised 61 women who were diagnosed with PE. The control group included 116 women who did not show changes in their blood pressure levels during their pregnancies. The rs1799998 polymorphism of the CYP11B2 gene was amplified by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using the SNPStat program to evaluate the risk of the CYP11B2 gene rs1799998 polymorphism contributing to PE. Results: the PE group had the following genotypes: 1.64% CC, 91.80% CT, and 6.56% TT. In the control group, the observed genotypic frequencies were: 11% CC, 73% CT, and 16% TT. The genotypic frequency distribution did not fit the Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) in either study group. The multiple logistic regression analysis showed a statistically significant difference for the rs1799998 polymorphism in the recessive model. Conclusion: the results suggest an association between the recessive model of C/C genotype of the rs1799998 polymorphism of the CYP11B2 gene and susceptibility to PE.

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