scholarly journals A comparison of aleurone cells in centenarian African and contemporary barley seeds to identify the geographic origin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio MILANESI ◽  
Rita VIGNANI ◽  
Monica SCALI ◽  
Claudia FALERI ◽  
Matteo DELLE DONNE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Aleurone Cells ◽  
Craft Beer ◽  
Extraction And Purification ◽  
Molecular Imprint ◽  
The University

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the main domesticated cereals. For this reason, barley seeds have been found in numerous archaeological sites, and since the mid-19th century have been available in numerous natural museum collections. About a hundred years ago samples were collected in the African countries of Eritrea and Cyrenaica (now Libya), and have been preserved as ex-situ in the museum collection “L’Orientale” of the University of Naples. The varieties of contemporary barley selected for comparative analysis were grown in Tuscany and are used in the production of craft beer. To ascertain their vitality, the ancient and contemporary seeds were placed in Petri dishes to hydrate under a sterile hood at room temperature after a sterilization procedure. Morphological and ultrastructural observations performed on the aleurone cells of the ancient samples presented vital cells. The extraction and purification of DNA from seeds produced results while the genotype comparison of ancient and contemporary barley varieties enabled the construction of a dendrogram of similarity, useful in describing barley from museum genetic heritage collections and in providing a molecular imprint of extant varieties.

Byzantine-period lamps from Antioch-on-the-Orontes and its hinterland

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ani Eblighatian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Museum Collections ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Princeton University ◽  
Byzantine Period ◽  
The University ◽  
Roman Syria

The paper is an off-shoot of the author's PhD project on lamps from Roman Syria (at the University of Geneva in Switzerland), centered mainly on the collection preserved at the Art Museum of Princeton University in the United States. One of the outcomes of the research is a review of parallels from archaeological sites and museum collections and despite the incomplete documentation i most cases, much new insight could be gleaned, for the author's doctoral research and for other issues related to lychnological studies. The present paper collects the data on oil lamps from byzantine layers excavated in 1932–1939 at Antioch-on-the-Orontes and at sites in its vicinity (published only in part so far) and considers the finds in their archaeological context.

OAC Elmira winter barley

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Falk ◽  
E. Reinbergs ◽  
G. Meatherall
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Science Department ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Agriculture And Food ◽  
The University

OAC Elmira is a high-yielding, disease-resistant, hardy winter barley adapted to Southern Ontario. OAC Elmira has good winter hardiness and high hectoliter weight. It has better disease resistance than any of the check cultivars and long straw with a lax, nodding head. It was developed by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food through the Crop Science Department of the University of Guelph. Key words: Hordeum vulgare L., high yield, disease resistance, winter hardiness

scholarly journals The De Rossett Farm (41HE75) and Quate Place (41HE81) Sites in the Cobb Creek Valley in the Upper Neches River Basin, Henderson County, Texas

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Perttula
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
The State ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
East Texas ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
The University ◽  
Neches River ◽  
The Town

The De Rossett Farm and Quate Place sites were among the earliest East Texas archaeological sites to be investigated by professional archaeologists at The University of Texas (UT), which began under the direction of Dr. J. E. Pearce between 1918-1920. According to Pearce, UT began work in this part of the state under the auspices of the Bureau of American Ethnology, and that work “had led me to suppose that I should find this part of the State rich in archeological material of a high order.” The two sites were investigated in August 1920. They are on Cobb Creek, a small and eastward-flowing tributary to the Neches River, nor far to the northeast of the town of Frankston, Texas; the sites are across the valley from each other. The De Rossett Farm site is on an upland slope on the north side of the valley, while the Quate Place site is on an upland slope on the south side of the Cobb Creek valley, about 2 km west of the Neches River, and slightly southeast from the De Rossett Farm. Both sites have domestic Caddo archaeological deposits, and there was an ancestral Caddo cemetery of an unknown extent and character at the De Rossett Farm.

scholarly journals OSMOTIC REGULATION OF α-AMYLASE SYNTHESIS AND POLYRIBOSOME FORMATION IN ALEURONE CELLS OF BARLEY

1973 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith E. Armstrong ◽  
Russell L. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Sucrose Density Gradient ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Sucrose Density Gradient Centrifugation ◽  
Total Rna ◽  
Aleurone Cells ◽  
Choline Incorporation ◽  
Stressed Cells

Water stress inhibits the gibberellic acid (GA3)-induced synthesis of α-amylase in aleurone layers of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Electron microscope evidence indicates that the effect of water stress induced by 0.6 M solutions of polyethylene glycol (PEG) is to reduce the binding of ribosomes to the endoplasmic reticulum. This was confirmed by sucrose density gradient centrifugation of polyribosome preparations from stressed cells. The reduction in polyribosome formation does not result from reduced ribosome activity as measured by [3H]peptidylpuromycin formation. Thus, calculation of percent active ribosomes shows that osmoticum has little effect on the ability of ribosomes to incorporate puromycin into nascent protein. Water stress does not cause a marked decrease in the total RNA level of aleurone cells. Estimates of total RNA in postmitochondrial supernatant fractions from stressed cells show only a reduction of 8–9% relative to the control. Membrane synthesis measured by [14C]choline incorporation is depressed by 15% in cells stressed with 0.6 M PEG for 2.5 hours.

African Conference on Local Courts and Customary Law

1963 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob O. Ibik
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Secretary General ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Local Courts ◽  
The Government ◽  
The University

This conference was sponsored jointly by the Government of Tanganyika and the University College, Dar es Salaam, and was financed by the Ford Foundation. It was attended by delegates from African countries, some of whose legal systems have been influenced by common law, some by European civil law or Islamic law. Official representatives came from Ethiopia, Ghana, the Ivory, Coast, Nigeria, Northern Rhodesia, Nyasaland, Sierra Leone, the Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Tanganyika, and Zanzibar. Some celebrated authorities on Islamic law and African customary law attended as observers, and contributed a great deal to the discussions. The chairman of the conference was the Tanganyikan Minister of Justice, Sheik Amri Abedi, and the secretary general was Mr P. J. Nkambo Mugerwa of the local Faculty of Law.

‘Buried Landscapes’ in Southern Italy

Antiquity ◽  
1949 ◽  
Vol 23 (90) ◽  
pp. 58-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Royal Air Force ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Association Meeting ◽  
The University ◽  
Capital Value ◽  
Dense Concentration

It is widely known that war-time air photography has led to the discovery of many new archaeological sites of importance in Mediterranean lands. Many hundreds of tumuli have been added to the list, at such famous Etruscan cemeteries as Cerveteri and Tarquinia and complete systems of Roman land-partition by Centuriation have been identified round the coloniae of Iader and Salonae, on the shores of Dalmatia. But by far the most notable discoveries of all are those on the Foggia Plain, in the Province of Apulia, in Southeast Italy. Great numbers of Prehistoric, Roman, and Medieval sites are being identified, and some preliminary results have already been published in ANTIQUITY(' Siticulosa Apulia ', December 1946). Select examples were exhibited at the Classical Conference at Oxford and at the British Association Meeting, in 1948, and again for several months this year, in the Ashmolean Museum. These were chosen from a number which it was fortunately possible to acquire for the University of Oxford, now housed at the Pitt Rivers Museum, where they are being studied in detail. This collection was based on vertical photographs taken by the Royal Air Force, and oblique photographs taken by Major Williams-Hunt and myself (which were the first to reveal this dense concentration of sites, spread more thickly on the ground than almost anywhere else in Europe). This heavy concentration is of much more than local importance. During the last few years I have examined many thousands of air photographs of Southern and Central Europe taken at various seasons, in the course of my research. While these provide much interesting data and give us, as it were, an illustrated ' Domesday ' survey of Europe in the middle of the 20th century (of capital value to Anthropology), in no other area has there as yet been anything approaching the quantity of crop-marks, grass-marks, soil-marks and earthworks which have come to light in Apulia. There are various reasons for this and a detailed account must await a later report. For our present purposes, it will be enough to single out one or two areas, for comparison.

The SOAS School of African History

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shobana Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Rockefeller Foundation ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
African Studies ◽  
African History ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Area Studies ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Bachelor Of Arts ◽  
International Standing ◽  
The University

Founded in 1916, the School of African Studies at the University of London provided training in African, Asian, and Middle Eastern languages and history to colonial officers. Over more than a century, the transformation of African history at the SOAS from an imperial discipline to one centered on African experiences reveals challenges in the creation, use, and dissemination of ideas, or the politics of knowledge. The school, as the only institution of higher learning in Europe focused on Africa, Asia, and Middle East, has had to perform a balancing act between scholars’ motivation to challenge academic skeptics and racists who dismissed Africa and British governmental, political, and economic priorities that valued “practical education.” In 1948, the University of London took steps to create an international standing by affiliating several institutions in Africa. Over several decades, many historians preferred to teach in Africa because the climate in Britain was far less open to African history. SOAS convened international conferences in 1953, 1957, and 1961 that established the reputation of African history at the SOAS. Research presented at these meetings were published in the first volume of the Journal of African History with a subsidy from the Rockefeller Foundation. The first volumes of the journal were focused on oral history, historical linguistics, archaeology, and political developments in precolonial Africa, topics covered extensively at SOAS. SOAS grew considerably up until 1975, when area studies all over Britain underwent a period of contraction. Despite economic and personnel cuts, SOAS continued research and teaching especially on precolonial Africa, which has periodically been feared to be subsumed by modern history and not fitting into visions for “practical” courses. In the late 1980s, the school introduced an interdisciplinary bachelor of arts degree in African studies that requires African language study because so many students were specializing in Africa without it. This measure reveals the lasting commitment to engaging African voices. African history at the SOAS has also continued to be a humanistic enterprise, and in 2002, it was reorganized into the School of Religion, History, and Philosophies. It remains to be seen how Brexit might affect higher education. While cuts in education could hurt African studies more than other area studies as they often have, strained relations between Britain and continental Europe might make African countries more important to Britain in the coming years.

Applying the “baby nursing model” in under-resourced audiovisual archives in Africa

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Opoku-Boateng
Keyword(s):  
African Countries ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Field Recordings ◽  
Extensive Documentation ◽  
Audiovisual Archives ◽  
The University ◽  
Traditional Arts ◽  
University Of Ghana ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Positive Results

It is a well-known fact that there has been extensive documentation of African traditional arts in post-colonial Africa, which has contributed to the growing accumulation of field recordings in Africa that could form the nucleus for archives in individual African countries. These include private collections as well as recordings at broadcasting and television stations; government ministries such as Tourism, Culture and Information; museums and academic institutions. Sadly, these precious traditions – which have been expensively captured – are often not properly managed in their host institutions. The caretakers of this heritage mostly sit by as collections deteriorate and sometimes are disposed of due to lack of institutional support. Such practices prevail in most African archives. This paper proposes a new mode of consciousness of the value of audiovisual heritage materials by comparing them with human babies. This new archival management principle, ‘the baby nursing model’, has been adopted and practiced at the University of Ghana and has achieved positive results.

Conservation of Fruit Tree Genetic Resources and Their Use in the Breeding Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihai Botu ◽  
Ion Botu ◽  
Gheorghe Achim ◽  
Silvia Preda ◽  
Anca Scutelnicu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Fruit Tree ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Convention On Biological Diversity ◽  
Sweet Chestnut ◽  
Ex Situ Collections ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
The University

Abstract Conservation of fruit tree biodiversity is important for the mankind according to the Convention on Biological Diversity. In Romania, due to favorable environmental conditions, numerous genetic resources of plum, apple, walnut, hazelnut, sweet chestnut and other fruit crops are present. Identification, evaluation and conservation of fruit genetic resources activities were launched in 1970’ in order to limit the loss of the biodiversity due to erosion and genetic vulnerability. Fruit Growing Research & Extension Station (SCDP) of Valcea, which is belonging now to the University of Craiova, was assigned to deal with conservation of genetic resources for the Prunus, Juglans, Corylus and Castanea genera. As result, national hazelnut collection, the sweet chestnut collection and a part of the plum and walnut national collections are located here. Genetic resources of Malus, Pyrus, Sambucus, Carya and Salix are hold in the active collections too. The ex situ collections include 1160 accessions, out of those 48 species, 533 cultivars and 565 other types like hybrids, biotypes, mutants, etc. Autochthonous or ‘original’ accessions include 173 local cultivars and 565 other genotypes. Breeding activity based on valuable germplasm conducted to releasing of a total number of 31 cultivars and 8 rootstocks registered in the Romanian Official Catalogue for Varieties, 15 varieties have been patented in Romania and for one by CPVO. Identification, in situ evaluation, collection, ex situ evaluation, propagation and regeneration activities regarding fruit tree genetic resources have to be continued in order to conserve the local fruit tree biodiversity and to value it through breeding and use of the new varieties in the orchards.

Aborigine and settler: archaeological air photography

Antiquity ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 52 (205) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Connah
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
New South ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Low Level ◽  
South Wales ◽  
National University ◽  
Great Tradition ◽  
The University

Australian students of archaeology could be excused for thinking that aerial photography is a technique with little archaeological application in their own country. Archaeological text books usually draw their examples of the uses of aerial photography from Europe or the Americas; even the pages of Antiquity, graced for many years by the work of J. K. St Joseph and others, suggest a similar geographic limitation. It is also a fact that there are not many published aerial photographs of Australian archaeological sites. In particular, the great tradition of low-level oblique photography with hand-held camera seems to have had comparatively little impact on Australian archaeology. There have been notable exceptions: for instance Bill Webster, of the University of New England, has taken low-level oblique infra red photographs of the Moore Creek Axe Quarry near Tamworth, New South Wales (Binns and Mc- Bryde, 1972; McBryde, 1974); Jim Bowler of the Australian National University provided photography of Lake Mungo (Mulvaney, 1975, P1.47), and Judy Birmingham of Sydney University has published an aerial photograph of the Irrawang Pottery (Birmingham, 1976)

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document