Mycobacterial Synovitis Caused by Slow-Growing Nonchromogenic Species: Eighteen Cases and a Review of the Literature

2006 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall J. Olsen ◽  
Patricia L. Cernoch ◽  
Geoffrey A. Land
Keyword(s):  
Age Distribution ◽  
Mycobacterial Species ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Current Series ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Probable Role ◽  
Histopathologic Findings ◽  
Slow Growing

Abstract Context.—Slow-growing nonchromogenic mycobacterial species are an infrequent cause of soft tissue infection. Because these organisms are rare, they are not often initially considered in the differential diagnosis of synovitis. Objective.—To evaluate the clinical and pathologic characteristics of patients with synovitis resulting from slow-growing nonchromogenic mycobacterial species. Design.—A 20-year retrospective review of records from The Methodist Hospital Microbiology Laboratory identified 18 culture-positive cases of synovitis that resulted from slow-growing nonchromogenic mycobacteria, including 14 caused by Mycobacterium avium complex, 1 caused by Mycobacterium malmoense, 1 caused by Mycobacterium haemophilum, and 2 caused by Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum isolates. In addition, a comprehensive literature search revealed an additional 48 cases of synovitis caused by slow-growing nonchromogenic mycobacteria. Results.—The historic literature described the majority of the 48 patients as previously healthy, elderly individuals with a several-month history of monoarticular pain and swelling in the small joints of the upper extremity. In contrast, the current series demonstrated the probable role of multiple chronic coexisting medical conditions in promoting disease susceptibility. These patients were also unique in their significantly younger age distribution and diversity of infection sites. Histologic examination and direct acid-fast bacteria stains generally did not aid the diagnosis. Amputation was performed in 2 patients because of delayed identification of disease. Conclusions.—The current series demonstrates that difficult identification and infrequent occurrence cause these organisms to be overlooked by physicians and laboratory personnel. A heightened clinical suspicion for slow-growing nonchromogenic mycobacterial species is necessary when routine culture and histopathologic findings do not readily isolate an organism, or when the patient does not respond to antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatment.

scholarly journals Disseminated mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium kansasii in a pot-bellied pig

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Schafbuch ◽  
Stacy Tinkler ◽  
Chee Kin Lim ◽  
Rebecca Wolking ◽  
José Ramos-Vara
Keyword(s):  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Mycobacterium Kansasii ◽  
Mycobacterial Species ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tomography Scan

A 1.5-y-old spayed female Juliana pot-bellied pig was presented to the Purdue University Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a history of wasting and anorexia. Enlarged and partially mineralized lymph nodes were identified on radiographs and computed tomography scan. Generalized lymphadenomegaly and disseminated nodules in the lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys were identified on postmortem examination. Histologic examination revealed caseonecrotic granulomas with numerous intracellular, acid-fast bacilli. Mycobacterium kansasii type II was identified as the etiologic agent by PCR amplification using universal Mycobacterium primers, direct sequencing of the PCR amplicon, and comparison to sequences in GenBank. We describe a case in a pot-bellied pig of mycobacteriosis caused by an atypical mycobacterial species and highlight the important role of laboratory testing in suspected cases of tuberculosis.

Effects of feeding level and of late pregnancy increases in feed allocation on the reproductive performance of sows

1987 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
V.R. Fowler ◽  
M. Curran ◽  
O. Davies ◽  
S. Edwards ◽  
M. Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Terminal Phase ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of

The role of nutrition in determining the reproductive performance of sows is still controversial. Much of the dispute arises because in many published experiments there were very few sows in each treatment group. In addition, there have been substantial changes In the husbandry of sows over recent years, and these include the much earlier weaning of the litter at as little as three weeks of age, the breeding of the gilt at a younger age since she reaches 100 kg very much more quickly, and the development of facilities which allow each sow to be treated as an individual. A further change has been in the genotype of the breeding female which means that quite often she enters the reproductive phase of her life carrying very much less adipose tissue than hitherto. The recent development of equipment and techniques to monitor the backfat thickness of sows during life has introduced a new management tool, for which guidelines are readily given, but for which hard experimental evidence is often lacking. The purpose of the coordinated experiment reported here was to attempt to establish critical factors in the history of the sow which put her reproductive performance at particular risk and to evaluate widely recommended practices of Increasing the feed Intake at over the terminal phase of pregnancy, The work was jointly funded by the Department of Agriculture for Scotland and each of the centres.

Abstract 14365: The Role of Alcohol Abuse and Tobacco Use in the Incidence of Early Acute Coronary Syndrome

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Alkhawam ◽  
Raef Madanieh ◽  
Mariya Fabisevich ◽  
Robert Sogomonian ◽  
Mohammed El-Hunjul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Healthcare Intervention ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acute Mi ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To investigate the synergistic role of alcohol abuse/dependence and tobacco use in the early incidence of ACS. Methods: A retrospective chart analyses of 8076 patients diagnosed with ACS between 2000 to 2014, defined by ICD-9 codes for acute MI, alcohol abuse/dependence and tobacco use. Average age of ACS was calculated for the general population. Patients were then divided into 4 subgroups based on alcohol abuse/dependence and tobacco use status as follows: non-alcoholic non-smokers, non-alcoholic smokers, alcoholic non-smokers and alcoholic smokers. Results: The mean age of our 8076 ACS patients population was ~59.5 (95% CI 59.2-59.8). Patients with history of alcohol abuse/dependence appeared to develop ACS ~8.7 years younger than their non-alcoholic counterparts. When tobacco use is incorporated as a risk factor, those with both alcohol abuse/dependence and tobacco use seemed to develop ACS ~5 years earlier than those with history of either alone, and ~20 years earlier when compared to those with neither alcohol abuse/dependence nor tobacco use. (Table 1 summarizes mean age of ACS incidence in our study subgroups) Conclusion: Alcohol abuse/dependence appears to be a risk factor for earlier ACS. In our population, the average age of ACS incidence in alcoholic patients was significantly earlier than non-alcoholic patients. Furthermore, alcoholic patients who also used tobacco developed ACS at an even younger age when compared to those who had history of either alcohol abuse/dependence or tobacco use alone, suggesting a possible synergistic effect of these two risk factors in developing early ACS. Healthcare intervention in this population through screening, counseling and education regarding alcohol abuse/dependence and smoking cession is warranted to reduce early ACS morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Pop Music for Kids: Sonic Markers as Narrative Strategies in Children’s Music

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirik Askerøi
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Vocal Performance ◽  
Pop Music ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Children's Music ◽  
Recording Technology ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of

Whilst the creative handling of recording technology has played a major role in the development of popular music, there has been little research into the role of production in music promoted explicitly for a child audience. The term “tween” is most often applied to describe children just before they become teens, referring to children aged 9–12 years. In more recent years, however, the tween category has come to comprise children as young as 4 and up to 15 years of age. Based on the premise that there is a growing tendency for children to be “youthified” at a far younger age than occurred previously, I am keen to investigate the extent to which music plays a part in this process. Through close readings of three songs from different eras in the history of children’s music, I will explore the role of sonic markers as narrative strategies in children’s music. The overall aim is to discuss the extent to which the relationships between lyrical content, vocal performance, and production aesthetics may play a role in the youthification of child performers and audiences. 

Platelet Survival Half-Life in Coronary Disease Patients under and over age 50

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Chesebro ◽  
V. Fuster ◽  
J.H. Byrne ◽  
D.A. Olson ◽  
F.J. Kazmier
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Disease ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Platelet Survival ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Platelet Deposition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Probable Role

Coronary disease (CAD) is usually severe when t he first symptoms appear. Thus identification of CAD patients (PTS) prior to symptom on set would be desirable for future preventive interventions. Since we found that cigarette smoking ≥10 pack-years (S) and family history of CAD at a young age (FH) are the 2 most important risk factors in CAD, and since platelet deposition to damaged endothelium appears important in the pathogeneais of atherosclerosis, platelet consumption was estimated by 51Cr platelet survival half-life (PS) in 3 groups of subjects:(1) in 49 accarentlv normal individuals without the risk factors (AN, no RF), (2) in 36 apparently normal individuals with the risk factors (AN, with RF), and (3) in 114 symptomatic PTS with angiographically proven CAD.There Is (1) a probable role of platelets in CAD as suoported bv the shortened PS, (2) a possibility that S or FH when associated with short PS (≤92 hrs) might identify the AN individual ≤ age 50 who is developing CAD, (3) a lower percent of CAD PTS >age 50 with a shortened PS and perhaps lesser probability of identifying asymptomatic CAD PTS >-age 50.

scholarly journals Metal Exposure and SNCA rs356219 Polymorphism Associated With Parkinson Disease and Parkinsonism

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto G. Lucchini ◽  
Stefano Guazzetti ◽  
Stefano Renzetti ◽  
Karin Broberg ◽  
Margherita Caci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Distribution ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Metal Exposure ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Clinical Onset ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Life Habits ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions

Objective: In the province of Brescia, Italy, historical neurotoxic metal exposure has occurred for several decades. This study aimed to explore the role of metal exposure and genetics on Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Parkinsonism.Methods: Cases were enrolled from four local clinics for movement disorders. Randomly selected controls non-affected by neurological or psychiatric conditions were enrolled from the same health centers keeping a similar gender ratio and age distribution as for cases. Data on sociodemographic variables, clinical onset and life habits were collected besides accurate occupational and residential history. Blood samples were collected from all participants for genotyping of target polymorphisms in genes linked to PD and/or metal transport.Results: A total number of 432 cases and 444 controls were enrolled in the study, with average age of 71 years (72.2 for cases and 70 for controls). The average age at diagnosis was 65.9 years (SD 9.9). Among the potential risk factors, family history of PD or Parkinsonism showed the strongest association with the diseases (OR = 4.2, 95% CI 2.3, 7.6 on PD; OR = 4.3, 95% CI 1.9, 9.5 for Parkinsonism), followed by polymorphism rs356219 in the alpha-synuclein (SNCA) gene (OR = 2.03, 95% CI 1.3, 3.3 for CC vs. TT on PD; OR = 2.5, 95% CI 1.1, 5.3 for CC vs. TT on Parkinsonism), exposure to metals (OR = 2.4;, 95% CI 1.3, 4.2 on PD), being born in a farm (OR = 1.8; 95% CI 1.1, 2.8 on PD; OR = 2.6; 95% CI 1.4, 4.9 on Parkinsonism) and being born in the province of Brescia (OR = 1.7; 95% CI 1.0, 2.9 on PD). Conditional OR of having PD depending by SNCA polymorphism and metal exposure highlights higher risk of PD among CC SNCA carriers and being exposed to metals. However, the interaction term was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Lifetime exposure to metals and genetic variation in SNCA gene are relevant determinants of PD and Parkinsonism in the highly industrialized area of Brescia, Italy. The lack of evidence of statistical interaction between environmental and genetic factors may be due to the low frequencies of subjects representing the exposure categories and the polymorphism variants and does not rule out the biological interaction.

scholarly journals Neoadjuvant and adjuvant doxorubicin chemotherapy in a case of feline soft tissue sarcoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511691985787
Author(s):  
Filippo Torrigiani ◽  
Giorgio Romanelli ◽  
Paola Roccabianca ◽  
Elisabetta Treggiari
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcoma ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumour ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Tumour ◽  
The Right ◽  
Slow Growing

Case summary A 7-year old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented with a 2 month history of a slow-growing mass on the right zygomatic area. A CT scan revealed a soft tissue mass in the right zygomatic region with no alterations of the underlying bone and features of local invasiveness. Cytology was suggestive of a mesenchymal tumour and histopathology from an incisional biopsy was consistent with a soft tissue sarcoma (STS). The cat was treated with neoadjuvant intravenous doxorubicin chemotherapy at a dose of 25 mg/m2, every two weeks. The patient experienced a partial response and underwent surgical excision of the tumour. Doxorubicin was continued as an adjuvant treatment for three further chemotherapy sessions, at a dose of 25 mg/m2 every 21 days. Local tumour recurrence was detected on clinical examination and cytologically confirmed 259 days following surgery. Relevance and novel information Treatment with neoadjuvant doxorubicin can be considered in cases of inoperable STSs in order to cytoreduce the tumour and improve the chances of achieving complete surgical margins. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy in this setting remains unclear.

scholarly journals Lipoma Arborescens of the Knee: Report of Three Cases and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Tsifountoudis ◽  
Dimitrios Kapoutsis ◽  
Anastasios-Nektarios Tzavellas ◽  
Ioannis Kalaitzoglou ◽  
Apostolos Tsikes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Lipoma Arborescens ◽  
History Of ◽  
Suprapatellar Pouch ◽  
Benign Nature ◽  
Slow Growing

Lipoma arborescens is a chronic, slow-growing, intra-articular lesion of benign nature, which is characterized by villous proliferation of the synovium, with replacement of the subsynovial connective tissue by mature fat cells. It usually involves the suprapatellar pouch of the knee joint. It is not a neoplasm but is rather considered a nonspecific reactive response to chronic synovial irritation, due to either mechanical or inflammatory insults. We report three cases of lipoma arborescens affecting the knee, the first in a young male without previous history of arthritis or trauma, the second in a 58-year-old male associated with osteoarthritis, and the final in a 44-year-old male diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis, which cover the entire pathologic spectrum of this unusual entity. We highlight the clinical findings and imaging features, by emphasizing especially the role of MRI, in the differential diagnosis of other, more complex intra-articular masses.

Juvenile Entry Into Prostitution

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 562-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique E. Roe-Sepowitz
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Sexual Exploitation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Childhood Emotional Abuse ◽  
Age Of Entry

This study seeks to assess the nature and extent of childhood emotional abuse among adult women in a residential prostitution-exiting program. Regression analyses were conducted to assess the unique role of childhood emotional abuse in the prediction of age of entry into prostitution. Childhood emotional abuse, a history of running away during childhood, and participating in survival-based exchanges of sex were significantly associated with the commercial sexual exploitation of girls younger than age 18, while childhood emotional abuse contributed to predicting a younger age of entry. Results are discussed regarding policy, prevention, and future research.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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