scholarly journals Attributes and Magnitude of the Socio-Environmental Impacts in Environmental Impact Study and Environmental Impact Report (EIS/EIR) of two small Hydroelectric Power Plants

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e22
Author(s):  
Carolina Faccio Demarco ◽  
Thays França Afonso ◽  
Patricia Damasceno Ribeiro ◽  
Cassia Brocca Caballero ◽  
Robson Andreazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Impact Study ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
The Impact

Both SHPs selected for this study SHP Cabuí (southeast of Minas Gerais state) and SHP Caiçara (northern Minas Gerais state) are located in low-income regions. This study aimed to evaluate the approach used to describe the socio-environmental impacts - through the analysis of attributes and magnitude of impacts - of these two projects and for this, consultations were carried out on the Environmental Impact Studies (EIS) presented by these SHPs, as well as the technical opinions available on the website of the agency responsible for environmental licensing (IBAMA). It was verified that the socio-environmental approaches of the SHPs differed in some aspects. PCH Cabuí, whose previous license was deferred, used more attributes to describe the socioeconomic impacts and the explanation of the impact assessment was more detailed and easy to understand, while the EIS of the Caiçara SHP (previous license rejected) was more succinct in its attributes for the description of the socioeconomic impacts, not adequately presenting the valuation and meaning of its impacts. There is also evidence of the need to improve public participation in both projects. 

scholarly journals Parques Eólicos e Transformações Espaciais: uma Análise dos Impactos Socioambientais na Região de Sento Sé/BA (Parks Wind and Spatial Transformations: an Analysis of Environmental Impacts in the Region of Sento Sé/BA )

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243
Author(s):  
Clecia Simone Gonçalves Rosa Pacheco ◽  
Reinaldo Pacheco dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Wind Farms ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Energy Matrix ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Social And Environmental Impacts

O presente artigo objetiva discutir e apresentar os resultados das análises feitas sobre a implantação de parques eólicos na região de Sento Sé/BA, seus impactos positivos para a matriz energética brasileira, a relevância do licenciamento ambiental visando evitar os impactos socioambientais negativos e as medidas de mitigação para combater tais impactos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa e de caráter exploratório, e, para delineamento da mesma, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica para fundamentação teórica. No que diz respeito à coleta de dados, este se deu por meio das técnicas de observação in loco, e análise de discurso da população local. Mediante o que foi pesquisado é possível afirmar que é de fundamental importância a implementação de usinas de energia consideradas limpas e renováveis que possam contribuir para o desenvolvimento sustentável do país, sendo que o Brasil já foi apontado por um estudo do Programa das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente como maior mercado mundial de energia renovável. No entanto, é importante enfatizar a necessidade de considerar as peculiaridades locais, principalmente as do Semiárido brasileiro e, efetivar um rigoroso Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) e seu consequente Relatório de Impacto Ambiental (RIMA) ao invés de Relatório Ambiental Simplificado (RAS). Palavras-chave: Energia eólica, Impactos Ambientais, Transformações Espaciais.  Parks Wind and Spatial Transformations: an Analysis of Environmental Impacts in the Region of Sento Sé/BA  ABSTRACT This article aims to discuss and present the results of analyzes made on the siting of wind farms in the region of Sento Se / BA, its positive impacts on the Brazilian energy matrix, the relevance of environmental licensing in order to avoid the negative social and environmental impacts and measures mitigation to address such impacts. This is a qualitative research and exploratory, and, for the same design was used for the theoretical literature. With regard to data collection, this was through the techniques of on-site observation and discourse analysis of the local population. By what has been researched is possible to affirm that it is of fundamental importance to the implementation of power plants considered clean and renewable that can contribute to sustainable development of the country, while Brazil has already been pointed out by a study of the United Nations Program for Environment as the largest global market for renewable energy. However, it is important to emphasize the need to consider local peculiarities, especially in the Semi and enforce a rigorous Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and subsequent Environmental Impact Report (RIMA) instead of Simplified Environmental Report (RAS).Keywords: Wind Energy, Environmental Impacts, Spatial Transformations. 

scholarly journals Ecological analyses of the area along the highway through Belgrade: Section Dobanovci-Bubanj Potok

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-230
Author(s):  
Dejan Filipovic ◽  
Bogdan Lukic
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Integral Approach ◽  
Impact Study ◽  
Ecological Aspect ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Environmental Impact Study ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

In compatibility with actual recommendations and policy which leads to improvement and preservation of integral environment and especially its natural values, it is necessary to implement active and integral approach to all variety of planning documents. In order to visualize the impact of highway through Belgrade on its surroundings, the solutions of the traffic artery were analyzed from the aspect of the protection of the environment in the sense of definition of harmful impacts and proposals of measures for their prevention or removal. The basic starting point was to get the answer whether and which, from ecological aspect, protection measures should be taken. The paper will show specific details of making the Belgrade highway environmental impact study.

scholarly journals O PROCESSO DE ESTUDO E IMPLANTAÇÃO DE PCHS E A IMPORTÂNCIA DO LICENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL PARA A COMUNICAÇÃO ENTRE EMPREENDEDORES E COMUNIDADE LOCAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
Mariana Wagner de Toledo Piza ◽  
Osmar De Carvalho Bueno ◽  
Francisco José Blasi de Toledo Piza
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
Environmental Licensing

O PROCESSO DE ESTUDO E IMPLANTAÇÃO DE PCHS E A IMPORTÂNCIA DO LICENCIAMENTO AMBIENTAL PARA A COMUNICAÇÃO ENTRE EMPREENDEDORES E COMUNIDADE LOCAL   MARIANA WAGNER DE TOLEDO PIZA1; OSMAR DE CARVALHO BUENO2; FRANCISCO JOSÉ BLASI DE TOLEDO PIZA3   1Economia, Sociologia e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Botucatu, R. José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, JardimParaíso, CEP: 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected] 2Economia, Sociologia e Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Botucatu, R. José Barbosa de Barros, 1780, JardimParaíso, CEP: 18610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected] 3Engenharia de Produção, Faculdade Iteana de Botucatu, Av. Alcides Cagliari, 2601, Jardim Aeroporto, CEP: 18606-855, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil, [email protected]   RESUMO: O trabalho objetivou apresentar o processo de estudo para implantação de Pequenas Centrais Hidrelétricas (PCHs), o momento em que a comunidade local participa deste processo e a importância de sua efetiva participação. Utilizou-se a realidade brasileira no que tange o estudo para implantação de PCHs, a legislação nacional e órgãos envolvidos no processo como: Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL), Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA), Departamento de Água e Energia Elétrica (DAEE) e Companhia Ambiental do Estado de São Paulo (CETESB). O processo de estudo de um potencial hidráulico conta com cinco fases: Estimativa do Potencial Hidrelétrico; Inventário Hidrelétrico; Estudo de Viabilidade; Projeto Básico e Projeto Executivo. Em consonância a este processo é necessário realizar o Estudo de Impacto Ambiental (EIA) e o respectivo Relatório de Impacto Ambiental (Rima). Como ambiente de diálogo entre todos os atores envolvidos, o processo de licenciamento ambiental conta com as audiências públicas, nessas devem ocorrer trocas de informações e conhecimento das demandas dos diversos envolvidos, inclusive da comunidade local, sua efetiva participação é fundamental para a otimização o projeto nos âmbito socioambiental.   Palavras-chaves: PCHs, licenciamento ambiental, comunicação.   THE SHPs STUDY AND IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS AND IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL LICENSING FOR COMMUNICATION BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURS AND LOCAL COMMUNITY   ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper was to present the process of study and implementation of Small Hydroelectric Power Plants (SHPs), local community participation and the importance of their effective participation. The Brazilian reality was used in the study for the implementation of SHPs, as well as, national legislation and public agencies involved in the process, such as: National Electricity Agency (ANEEL), National Water Agency (ANA), Department of Water and Electric Energy (DAEE) and Environmental Company of the State of São Paulo (CETESB). The process of hydraulic potential study has five stages: hydropower potential estimation; hydraulic inventory; viability study; basic project and executive project.  It is also necessary to carry out the Environmental Impact Study (EIA) and Environmental Impact Report (RIMA). According to all the actors involved, the environmental licensing process relies on public hearings, where must occur change of information and knowledge stakeholders demands, including the local community, which effective participation is fundamental for the optimization of the project socio-environmental scope. Keywords: SHPs, environmental licensing, communication.

scholarly journals Environmental Impact for 3D Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Life Cycle: An Assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 6504-6515
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Industrial Soil ◽  
The Impact

With the development of additive manufacturing technology, 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds have evolved. Bone tissue engineering is one of the techniques for repairing bone abnormalities caused by a variety of circumstances, such as injuries or the need to support damaged sections. Many bits of research have gone towards developing 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds all across the world. The assessment of the environmental impact, on the other hand, has received less attention. As a result, the focus of this study is on developing a life cycle assessment (LCA) model for 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds and evaluating potential environmental impacts. One of the methodologies to evaluating a complete environmental impact assessment is life cycle assessment (LCA). The cradle-to-grave method will be used in this study, and GaBi software was used to create the analysis for this study. Previous research on 3D bone tissue engineering fabrication employing poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) soaked in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO) as a photoinitiator will be reviewed. Meanwhile, digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing is employed as the production technique. The GaBi program and the LCA model developed to highlight the potential environmental impact. This study shows how the input and output of LCA of 3D bone tissue engineering scaffolds might contribute to environmental issues such as air, freshwater, saltwater, and industrial soil emissions. The emission contributing to potential environmental impacts comes from life cycle input, electricity and transportation consumption, manufacturing process, and material resources. The results from this research can be used as an indicator for the researcher to take the impact of the development of 3D bone tissue engineering on the environment seriously.

Quantifying the contribution of livestock health issues to the environmental impact of their production systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-114
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Mackenzie ◽  
◽  
Ilias Kyriazakis ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Livestock Systems

The focus of this chapter is on the environmental impact consequences of endemic livestock health challenges that lead to deterioration in animal health, and on the potential impacts arising from their mitigations. The first part of the chapter concentrates on the potential of animal health to affect the environmental impact of livestock systems. Subsequently, it reviews the literature to date which has quantified the impact of health challenges for the environmental impacts of livestock systems. The potential of successful health interventions to mitigate negative environmental impacts represents a point of synergy between concerns around environmental sustainability and animal welfare, both of which represent 'hot topics' in the discourse surrounding the livestock industry and its sustainability. The challenges associated with modelling health interventions and their potential to mitigate environmental impacts constitute the last section in the chapter.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Performance of Various Energy Sources Used in the Czech Republic

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5833
Author(s):  
Markéta Šerešová ◽  
Jiří Štefanica ◽  
Monika Vitvarová ◽  
Kristina Zakuciová ◽  
Petr Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Black Coal ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Impact

As both the human population and living standards grow, so does the worldwide electricity demand. However, the power sector is also one of the biggest environmental polluters. Therefore, options are currently being sought aimed at reducing environmental impacts, one of the potential tools for which concerns the use of life cycle assessment. This study, therefore, focuses on the most commonly used nonrenewable (black coal, lignite, natural gas and nuclear) and renewable sources (wind, hydro and photovoltaic) in the Czech Republic in terms of their construction, operation, and decommissioning periods. Environmental impacts are assessed via the use of selected impact categories by way of product environmental footprint methodology. The results highlight the potential environmental impacts associated with electricity generation for each of the primary energy sources. Black coal and lignite power plants were found to contribute most to the global warming, resource use, energy carriers and respiratory inorganics categories. On the other hand, the impact on water depletion and resource use, mineral and metals categories were found to be most significantly affected by the production of electricity from photovoltaic power plants. Finally, it is proposed that the results be employed to design scenarios for the future energy mix.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on the Environmental Impact of Traditional Clay Bricks Mixed with Organic Waste Using Life Cycle Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2917 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Lozano-Miralles ◽  
Manuel Hermoso-Orzáez ◽  
Carmen Martínez-García ◽  
José Rojas-Sola
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Clay Bricks ◽  
The Impact

The construction industry is responsible for 40–45% of primary energy consumption in Europe. Therefore, it is essential to find new materials with a lower environmental impact to achieve sustainable buildings. The objective of this study was to carry out the life cycle analysis (LCA) to evaluate the environmental impacts of baked clay bricks incorporating organic waste. The scope of this comparative study of LCA covers cradle to gate and involves the extraction of clay and organic waste from the brick, transport, crushing, modelling, drying and cooking. Local sustainability within a circular economy strategy is used as a laboratory test. The energy used during the cooking process of the bricks modified with organic waste, the gas emission concentrate and the emission factors are quantified experimentally in the laboratory. Potential environmental impacts are analysed and compared using the ReCiPe midpoint LCA method using SimaPro 8.0.5.13. These results achieved from this method are compared with those obtained with a second method—Impact 2002+ v2.12. The results of LCA show that the incorporation of organic waste in bricks is favourable from an environmental point of view and is a promising alternative approach in terms of environmental impacts, as it leads to a decrease of 15–20% in all the impact categories studied. Therefore, the suitability of the use of organic additives in clay bricks was confirmed, as this addition was shown to improve their efficiency and sustainability, thus reducing the environmental impact.

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of Spatial Variability and Trends of Flows and Sediments under the Impact of Climate Change in the Upper Indus Basin

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 730
Author(s):  
Waqas Ul Hussan ◽  
Muhammad Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Frank Seidel ◽  
Anna Costa ◽  
Franz Nestmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Indus Basin ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Indus River ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Upper Indus Basin ◽  
The Impact

Extensive research of the variability of flows under the impact of climate change has been conducted for the Upper Indus Basin (UIB). However, limited literature is available on the spatial distribution and trends of suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) in the sub-basins of UIB. This study covers the comparative assessment of flows and SSC trends measured at 13 stations in the UIB along with the variability of precipitation and temperatures possibly due to climate change for the past three decades. In the course of this period, the country’s largest reservoir, Tarbela, on the Indus River was depleted rapidly due to heavy sediment influx from the UIB. Sediment management of existing storage and future planned hydraulic structures (to tap 30,000 MW in the region) depends on the correct assessment of SSC, their variation patterns, and trends. In this study, the SSC trends are determined along with trends of discharges, precipitation, and temperatures using the non-parametric Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator. The results reveal that the annual flows and SSC are in a balanced state for the Indus River at Besham Qila, whereas the SSC are significantly reduced ranging from 18.56%–28.20% per decade in the rivers of Gilgit at Alam Bridge, Indus at Kachura, and Brandu at Daggar. The SSC significantly increase ranging from 20.08%–40.72% per decade in the winter together with a significant increase of average air temperature. During summers, the SSC are decreased significantly ranging from 18.63%–27.79% per decade along with flows in the Hindukush and Western–Karakorum regions, which is partly due to the Karakorum climate anomaly, and in rainfall-dominated basins due to rainfall reduction. In Himalayan regions, the SSC are generally increased slightly during summers. These findings will be helpful for understanding the sediment trends associated with flow, precipitation, and temperature variations, and may be used for the operational management of current reservoirs and the design of several hydroelectric power plants that are planned for construction in the UIB.

Environmental Impact Assessment of Product Lifespan: The Role of Consumer’s Repair Behavior and Critical Components Deterioration

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Sabbaghi ◽  
Sara Behdad
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Repair Cost ◽  
Laptop Computer ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Product Lifespan

Consumers might be willing to repair their broken devices as long as the associated repair costs do not exceed an undesirable threshold. However, in many cases the technological obsolescence actuates consumers to retire old devices and replace them with new ones rather than extending the product lifecycle through repair. In this paper, we aim to investigate the impact of components’ deterioration profiles and consumers’ repair decisions on the lifespan of devices, and then assesse the anticipated life cycle environmental impacts. A Monte Carlo simulation is developed to estimate the life cycle characteristics such as the average lifespan, the number of failed components’ replacement, and the total repair cost per cycle for a laptop computer. The lifecycle characteristics estimated from simulation model further have been used in a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) study to quantify the environmental impact associated with different design scenarios. The results reveal the impact of product design as well as consumers’ repair decisions on the product lifespan and the corresponding environmental impacts.

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