“Late Antique” Mining Community in the North Kharga Oasis (Egypt)

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salima Ikram ◽  
Nicholas Warner ◽  
Nikolaos Lazaridis ◽  
Leslie Anne Warden ◽  
Rebecca Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Industrial Activity ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Mining Community ◽  
Kharga Oasis ◽  
History Of

The North Kharga Oasis Darb Ain Amur Survey (NKODAAS) has been exploring the extreme northern area and western extension of Kharga Oasis in order to locate and document hitherto undiscovered and unrecorded archaeological sites and material. The archaeological sites identified during the course of the survey are varied, including rock art, routes, mines, quarries, water dumps, wells, shelters, hamlets, and settlements. The site presented here is a Roman/“Late Antique” complex, including a church and several related areas of settlement and industrial activity devoted to alum mining and sandstone quarrying, that played a role in the history of the economy and landscape of Kharga Oasis.

London in the Roman World

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Perring
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Campaigns ◽  
The City ◽  
Narrative Account

This original study draws on the results of latest discoveries to describe London’s Roman origins. It presents a wealth of new information from one of the world’s most intensively studied archaeological sites, introducing many original ideas concerning London’s economic and political history. The archaeological discoveries are used to build a narrative account that explains how recent investigations in London challenge our understanding of the ancient world. The Roman city was probably converted from a fort built on the north side of London Bridge at the time of the Roman conquest, and is the place where the emperor Claudius arrived en route to claim his victory in AD 43. It was rebuilt as the commanding site for Rome’s rule of Britain. A history of social, architectural, and economic development is reconstructed from precise tree-ring dating, and used to show that investment in the urban infrastructure was provoked by the needs of military campaigns and political strategies. The story also shows how the city suffered violent destruction in resistance to Roman rule, and was brought to the verge of collapse by pandemics and political insecurity in the second and third centuries. These events had a critical bearing on the reforms of late antiquity, from which London emerged as a defended administrative enclave. Always a creature of the centralized Roman administration, and largely dependent on colonial immigration, the city was subsequently deserted when Rome failed to maintain political control. This ground-breaking study brings new information and arguments drawn from urban archaeology to our study of the way in which Rome ruled, and how empire failed.

Structural Features of the Alston Block

1933 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 241-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Structural Features ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
North West ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
The North ◽  
Tectonic History ◽  
Fault Block ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cross ◽  
North And South

The Northumbrian Fault-block, forming the central part of the Pennine Chain, is a region of gently tilted Carboniferous sediments, bounded on the north, west, and south by major faultlines. It is divided naturally into two structurally complementary areas, symmetrically disposed to the north and south of the syncline of Stainmore. The present paper is concerned exclusively with the northern area, named by F. M. Trotter and S. E. Hollingworth the “Alston Block” (1928) and by H. G. A. Hickling the “Cross Fell Block” (1930). The first-named authors, who have recently completed a revision of the Geological Survey sheet covering the north-west corner of the block, have discussed in detail the structure of that district and have described the broad outlines of the tectonic history of the block (1928, 1932).

scholarly journals Human and Deltaic Environments in Northern Egypt in Late Antiquity

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-62
Author(s):  
Penelope Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
The North ◽  
Sand Bars ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Site Function ◽  
Late Roman Period ◽  
Historical Trajectory ◽  
The Way

Abstract This paper analyses the relationship between archaeological sites from the Roman-Late Roman period in the north-central Delta of Egypt and the palaeotopography and environmental conditions from the 1st millennium BC to 1st millennium AD. The location of the archaeological sites is mapped according to survey maps of the 19th and 20th c. and digital topographic models from satellite data. The Ptolemaic and Roman context for the apparent ‘boom’ in settlement during the late antique period (3rd–7th c. AD) is described to assess the way in which the diverse environments of floodplain, wetland and marsh, and sand-bars were managed, and to propose a possible reconstruction of the ancient landscape. The results of the correlation are discussed in terms of connectivity to waterways, lagoons and the sea, spatial organisation, hierarchy and site function. The way in which the evidence from this time period may provide a potential proxy for understanding earlier and later settlement density is explored. Throughout, the historical trajectory and the environment will provide the background for the development of the Delta in the Medieval and Modern period.

Ermanarichs arctoi gentes (Jordanes Getica, 116)

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-54
Author(s):  
Vladimir Napol’skich
Keyword(s):  
The Black Sea ◽  
Late Antique ◽  
Latin Text ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Volga River ◽  
The North ◽  
Ladoga Lake ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Baltic

The well-knowm fragment from Jordanes Getica (116) containing the list of northern peoples allegedly conquered by the Gothic king Ermanarich is reconsidered taking into account the long history of studies, data of other late antique and early medieval sources and onomastics of Finno-Ugric, Iranian and North Caucasian languages. The list is considered to be originally a Gothic poetical memorandum similar to other Germanic thulas (as, e.g., in “Widsith”) introduced into Latin text and partly latinized. The beginning of the list is determined after the syntax of the sentence where it is included and later interpunction of manuscripts. Beginning with the Gothic word thiudos ‘peoples’ (Acc. pl.) the list is reconstructed as enumeration of ethnic groups and territories along the way from the Baltic over the Ladoga Lake to the upper Volga and down the Volga River up to its mouth and the North Caucasian steppe up to the Black Sea and, probably, Crimea. This must have been a way discovered by a Gothic expedition in the middle of the 4th c., when the Goths were very active in the Volga basin as it may be seen from the archaeological materials. All the names of the list are localized and interpreted with minimal emendations since they have either good parallels in historical sources or modern onomastics or may be understood as fragments of Gothic text. The results are shown on the map (Fig. 3).

scholarly journals THROUGH THE PRIZM OF A NEW VISION. YURI BOLTRYK IN INTERNATIONAL ORIENTALIST PROJECTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
S. O. Biliaieva
Keyword(s):  
National Development ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
First Century ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Independent State ◽  
The North ◽  
Special Scientific ◽  
International Projects ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Vision

The article presents the role and activity of Dr. Yu. Boltryk in the researches of international projects which take place at the end of twentieth — at the beginning of twenty first century during the excavation of outstanding sites of Ottoman culture in the North Pontic region. It is especially important that the beginning of purposeful study of the Turkish cultural heritage in Ukraine was synchronous to creation of Ottoman archaeology as a special scientific direction. At the same time it was the period of formation of new vision on the historical process in Ukraine, as an independent state, freedom of minds and national development. The international projects enjoy the scholars of various countries: Great Britain, Canada, USA, Poland and Turkey. The works took place in outstanding site of medieval period — the Akkerman fortress. The main exploration were conducted in the Low yard where the bathhouse and barbican have been discovered. Complex of geophysical and other works on the base of methods of natural sciences escaped all yards of the fortress. Dr. Yu. Boltryk take one of the provision place in all kind of works with his ideas in methodic, theory and practice of archaeological exploration. During the last seasons of the fulfilment of projects the main attention of scholar was drown to the interdisciplinary works in the field of dendrochronology all together with professor T. Wazhny. Besides of it Dr. Yu. Boltryk took part in the excavation of the central part of historical city Ochakiv and the observation of remains of the fortress Kizikermen. His activity makes a significant contribution to the study of Ottoman period in the history of Ukraine and preservation of historical and archaeological sites.

scholarly journals Rock Art (Rock Relief) in The Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Which Has Encountered The Threats of Disappearing

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 640-673
Author(s):  
Rukhsar Ramadhan Ahmed ◽  
Aras Ismail Khider
Keyword(s):  
Rock Art ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Architecture Framework ◽  
Art Form ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Construction

The Art rock is formed as pictures on strones which are made in different forms and in different ways including crafted pictures, status, maps, crafting on castle walls, and ancient temples, and coloured pictures, which can be founed on the stone shelters, mountan sides, and caves. This ancient art reflects religious sprituality, cultural principles of community, and architecture framework of ancient communities. This study aims in showing the importance of this art in the archaeology of Kurdistan Region as national and regional treasure. Here, this art form is crucial similar to the global archoleagy in the world, because this art form is a special way for seperatin community, teaching values and norms, origionality, as well as human relations to the earth they are living on. Indicating the main natural and man-made factors such as; development, new construction, renovating some parts has negative influence on a portion of those archoloegical sites which has led to graffiti damages and intentional destrunction. Because, some of these archaeological sites are situated close to major touristes destinations which are another drawback for getting access to the sites without considering the human actions in those places.  In this regard, being careless, and having limited awareness and information about the importance of archaeology and considering it as a national wealth has led to devastation of some significant sites. Aside from the human factors, natural disasters have left a negative influence on the archaeological sites in the Kurdistan Region. This research is composed of the following parts: the first section introduces the history of rock art and the types of this art, the objectives, and human intentions in drawing and crafting those symbols, and pictures that human beings have produced in the ancient times. The second part of this research highlights the human and natural factors that have put pressure on those important archaeological sites which are facing threats. The last part focuses on the findings, and recommendations; such as highlighting some of the legal principles, which aim to reduce the risks and pressure on rock art and their destruction. It will also include important procedures for spreading awareness of these sites to individuals and the wider community regarding archaeology and the need to protect the region’s tangible heritage.

scholarly journals Flat-Bottomed Ceramics of the Neolithic in the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia: The History of the Formation of the Basic Concepts of Its Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Alexander F. Shorin
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Migration Theories

Purpose. The history of the study of the Neolithic site with flat-bottomed ceramics of the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia is considered. Until the end of the 20th Century, such complexes in the region were correlated with the Boborykino culture. The formation of ideas about the main components of this culture determined the essence of the first two stages of the study of culture (from 1961 to the first decade of the 20th Century). Results. At the first stage, in the publications of K. V. Salnikov and L. Ya. Krizhevskaya, the characteristic features of the newly identified culture are defined: flat-bottomed ceramics with original ornaments and the microlithic character of flint inventory; the chronological positions of the culture are determined by the Eneolithic – Early Bronze Age. At the second stage, in the publications of V. T. Kovaleva and her colleagues, the Boborykino culture is assigned to the second stage of the development of ceramic ornamental traditions of the Neolithic Trans-Urals. The culture dates from the third quarter of the 6th – the first quarter of the 4th millennium BC. Initially, the autochthonous line of development of this culture from the early Neolithic Koshkino culture was substantiated. However later the alien character of this culture as a result of migration in the Trans-Urals of the early agricultural population of the Near East and the Caucasus began to be declared. At the third stage, by researching new archaeological sites in the Baraba forest-steppe and Middle Ob region, the age of archaeological sites with flat-bottomed ceramics was raised to the 7th – 6th millennium BC; the difference between local ceramics and Boborykino complexes was shown. The comprehension of sites with flat-bottomed ceramics of the period 7th – 6th millennium BC began as a new independent cultural-chronological phenomenon in the Neolithic of the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia. Conclusion. A version of the autochthonous origin of the Baraba culture is expressed. However, migration theories of the appearance of such archaeological sites in the north of Eurasia in their variations can also be discussed.

scholarly journals The appearance of towers in the fortification on the territory of the north of the Upper Ob region

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
A. P. Borodovskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Native Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Irregular Structures ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Time

The article is devoted to the history of the appearance of towers on the territory of Siberia as fortifications. The aim of the research is to generalize and systematize objects, conditionally correlated with them, at the archaeological sites (fortified settlements) of the North of the Upper Ob Region. For this territory a tendency was traced of the «bastion» type fortifications, starting from the second half of the I-st millennium AD, and before the beginning of the II-nd millennium AD. Such fortifications are present both on irregular structures and defensive geometric shaped structures. The existence of this tradition casts a doubt on the hypothesis that there was no such type of defensive structures among the native population before the Russian development of this ter- ritory began. However, in the Early New Time, in settlements with fortifications (fortress) built by native residents, such elements of fortification were practically not found, which makes it possible to state the discreteness of the spread of the aboriginal «bastion» tradition for this territory. In this region, wooden bastion-type towers appeared no earlier than the turn of the XVII-th and XVIII-th centuries. They are represented in Urtamsky (1684), Chaussky (1713) and Umrevinsky (first third of the XVIII-th century) ostrogs and are associated with the spread of the firearms (hand and artillery).

Ras al Khaimah: further archaeological discoveries

Antiquity ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (200) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Beatrice De Cardi
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
The State ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Ras a1 Khaimah is the most northerly of the seven states comprising the United Arab Emirates and its Ruler, H. H. Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad al-Qasimi, is keenly interested in the history of the state and its people. Survey carried out there jointly with Dr D. B. Doe in 1968 had focused attention on the site of JuIfar which lies just north of the present town of Ras a1 Khaimah (de Cardi, 1971, 230-2). Julfar was in existence in Abbasid times and its importance as an entrep6t during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries-the Portuguese Period-is reflected by the quantity and variety of imported wares to be found among the ruins of the city. Most of the sites discovered during the survey dated from that period but a group of cairns near Ghalilah and some long gabled graves in the Shimal area to the north-east of the date-groves behind Ras a1 Khaimah (map, FIG. I) clearly represented a more distant past.

Sequencing Analysis and Phylogenetic Tree of HPV Isolated from Breast Cancer Patients at Thi-Qar Province/Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
The North ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
History Of

Genetic variety examination has demonstrated fundamental to the understanding of the epidemiological and developmental history of Papillomavirus (HPV), for the development of accurate diagnostic tests and for efficient vaccine design. The HPV nucleotide diversity has been investigated widely among high-risk HPV types. To make the nucleotide sequence of HPV and do the virus database in Thi-Qar province, and compare sequences of our isolates with previously described isolates from around the world and then draw its phylogenetic tree, this study done. A total of 6 breast formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) of the female patients were included in the study, divided as 4 FFPE malignant tumor and 2 FFPE of benign tumor. The PCR technique was implemented to detect the presence of HPV in breast tissue, and the real-time PCR used to determinant HPV genotypes, then determined a complete nucleotide sequence of HPV of L1 capsid gene, and draw its phylogenetic tree. The nucleotide sequencing finding detects a number of substitution mutation (SNPs) in (L1) gene, which have not been designated before, were identified once in this study population, and revealed that the HPV16 strains have the evolutionary relationship with the South African race, while, the HPV33 and HPV6 showing the evolutionary association with the North American and East Asian race, respectively.

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