Current state and development opportunities for closed towns of nuclear industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
D.Yu. Faikov ◽  
D.Yu. Baydarov
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
State Corporation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
The City

The article examines the current trends in the development of closed cities of the nuclear industry, the changes taking place in them and the opportunities for development. The relevance of these issues is due to the need to use the scientific and technological potential of cities for the innovative development of the country. Based on foreign experience, it is confirmed that the presence of nuclear industry enterprises on the territory contributes to the creation of innovative ecosystems, makes the territory attractive for business development. In terms of socio-economic development, attention is focused on the movement of the population, the activities of city-forming enterprises and small businesses, the income of the population and local budgets. New trends characteristic of closed cities are identified: strengthening the role of the ROSATOM State Corporation in the management system of nuclear closed cities; diversification of their economy based on the stable operation of the city-forming enterprise and the creation of other high-tech industries with the participation of the ROSATOM State Corporation; the dependence of the population of cities on the state of affairs at the city-forming enterprise; weak interest in the development of small businesses; the appearance of pendulum migration. The further development of closed cities through the expansion of the market of highly qualified labor in them is proposed: the activation of civil research and development; the formation of research networks using unique scientific installations and supercomputer capacities, etc. To attract qualified labor, it is necessary to create comfortable living conditions, which is more likely with the participation of the ROSATOM State Corporation. Some of the proposals are being tested. The results obtained may be of methodological and practical interest not only for closed cities, but also for other single-industry towns, as well as city-forming holdings.

What Is an Institution?

2007 ◽  
pp. 5-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Searle
Keyword(s):  
Physical Structure ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Collective Intentionality ◽  
Institutional Facts ◽  
Institutional Fact ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Creation ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
In Virtue Of ◽  
Typical Point

The author claims that an institution is any collectively accepted system of rules (procedures, practices) that enable us to create institutional facts. These rules typically have the form of X counts as Y in C, where an object, person, or state of affairs X is assigned a special status, the Y status, such that the new status enables the person or object to perform functions that it could not perform solely in virtue of its physical structure, but requires as a necessary condition the assignment of the status. The creation of an institutional fact is, thus, the collective assignment of a status function. The typical point of the creation of institutional facts by assigning status functions is to create deontic powers. So typically when we assign a status function Y to some object or person X we have created a situation in which we accept that a person S who stands in the appropriate relation to X is such that (S has power (S does A)). The whole analysis then gives us a systematic set of relationships between collective intentionality, the assignment of function, the assignment of status functions, constitutive rules, institutional facts, and deontic powers.

THE CONCEPT OF COMPETITIVE VALUE CHAINS IN PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AS AN INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE OPERATING ON NETWORK PRINCIPLES

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Niyaz Mustjakimovich Abdikeev ◽  
Anton Alekseevich Losev ◽  
Andrey Ivanovich Gaydamaka
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Institutional Structure ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Software Product ◽  
The Creation

The Concept of competitive value chains in production systems, as an institutional structure operating on network principles, was the impetus for the development of a system of models of inter-industry digital platform for the management and optimization of cooperation of high-tech network production systems. The article describes the ways of integration into business processes of production systems of simulation and cognitive models. The practical implementation of the system of these models is a separate software product - an interdisciplinary digital platform for participants in the creation of new high-tech products and their components.

High-tech business in crisis conditions: development trends of large, medium and small enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 48-58
Author(s):  
Vladislav V. Spitsyn ◽  
Alexander A. Mikhal'chuk ◽  
Anastasia A. Bulykina ◽  
Svetlana N. Popova ◽  
Irina E. Nikulina
Keyword(s):  
Small Businesses ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Crisis Conditions ◽  
Medium And Small Enterprises

Leading world countries view innovative development and high-tech business as an opportunity to overcome economic stagnation and decline in economic growth. One of the modern trends in the analysis of high-tech development is the study of high-tech knowledge-intensive service industries and their development in times of crisis. The purpose of the paper is to identify patterns of development of large, medium and small enterprises in high-tech service industries in Russia during periods of crisis. Economic and economic-mathematical methods of analysis are applied to the formed samples of enterprises. The research period is 2013-2017. The financial indicators of enterprises were adjusted for the level of accumulated inflation in relation to 2013. According to results, large and medium-sized enterprises showed insignificant or weak significant positive dynamics of revenue during all years of the crisis period. The crisis period did not lead to a decrease in the revenue of these groups of enterprises. The acute phase of the crisis (2014-2015) had a pronounced negative impact on the group of small enterprises in all studied industries, but they successfully recovered in 2016-2017 and reached the pre-crisis level of revenue. The total revenue by industries and groups of enterprises in 2017 became higher than in 2013, and its growth rates were significant for many groups of enterprises, which indicates a successful overcoming of the crisis period and signs of growth in high-tech service industries. Our study shows the need for state support for small businesses in high-tech service industries in crisis conditions, and identifies the possibilities of adaptation of enterprises in these industries to an unfavorable external environment. Our results may be useful for the purposes of government stimulation of economic development in the current environment.

Perancangan Boneka Edukasi Terinspirasi oleh Pencipta Boneka Si Unyil

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azhari Amri
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Rural Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The City ◽  
Simple Materials

Film Unyil puppet comes not just part of the entertainment world that can be enjoyed by people from the side of the story, music, and dialogue. However, there is more value in it which is a manifestation of the creator that can be absorbed into the charge for the benefit of educating the children of Indonesia to the public at large. The Unyil puppet created by the father of Drs. Suyadi is one of the works that are now widely known by the whole people of Indonesia. The process of creating a puppet Unyil done with simple materials and formation of character especially adapted to the realities of the existing rural region. Through this process, this research leads to the design process is fundamentally educational puppet inspired by the creation of Si Unyil puppet. The difference is the inspiring character created in this study is on the characters that exist in urban life, especially the city of Jakarta. Thus the results of this study are the pattern of how to shape the design of products through the creation of the puppet with the approach of urban culture.

Research on Enterprises Resettlement in the Second Urban Land Resource Development - Taking High-Tech Zone in Suzhou for Example

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1465-1469
Author(s):  
Yong Du ◽  
Wen Xue Yu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Development ◽  
Urban Land ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Secondary Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Construction Land ◽  
Second Development ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The City

As cities are expanding of China, many industrial enterprises have been surrounded in the center of the, which have a big effect on the environment of the city. As a result, its necessary to remove these enterprises. The second urban land resource development is an efficient solution to the problem. This article takes the secondary development of land in High-tech Zone of SuZhou for example and defines second development of land. In addition, puts forward suitable type of settling down the moving enterprises because of urban land second development. The study aims at promoting the rational use of land, adjusting space distribution of construction land, disposing land resource reasonably, increasing using rate of the construction land and makeing ecological environment of the city be better.

Editorial

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-6
Author(s):  
Yurdanur Dulgeroglu-Yuksel
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Settlement Policies ◽  
Existing Housing ◽  
The City

This editorial deals with the issue of sustainability in relation to the development of the city in the 21st century. The main goal is to make an inquiry into Piecemeal vs Grand Planning Approaches to generating sustainable cities. The focus of the city is the human settlements. The issue of sustainability has been a concern for many planners, architects, urban geographers and social scientists. “Sustainability” is an old concept but has become a new solution criteria for generating liveable cities. The role of the professional is crucial in the development of cities to become more sustainable. It seems that development of cities, especially those in developing countries, in the post-modern age require a critical evaluation and updating of their existing housing and settlement policies and practices. They seem to neglect the development dynamics in fast-growing metropoles sometimes. While the natural phenomenon of urbanisation require piecemeal approach to spatial planning and development in Developing countries, their governments tend to adopt Grand policies of developed countries. Implementation of such policies with fujrthern use of high-tech often results in large wipe-outs in the city and social disintegration, following the replacement of existing neighborhoods. Physical and social integrity, as well as slow growth of settlements is a crucial start towards sustainable cities.

Le armi dotte e la Rivoluzione francese: riformismo, elitismo e meritocrazia

2012 ◽  
pp. 41-63
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Cuccoli
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Public Services ◽  
The State ◽  
Constituent Assembly ◽  
State Corporation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
École Polytechnique ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Revolution

The article focuses on the evolution of the military technical corps in France between the mid-Eighteenth century and the Restoration, and proposes for them the notion of "State corporation". This phase - an intermediate one between the corps de métier and the corps d'État - was attained first by the engineers and the artillery. These corps selected their officers by competitive examination, which functioned both as an intellectual filter and a social one. The distinction generated by this filter - nurtured by an elitist approach based on meritocracy was not overridden by the Revolution. On the contrary, it was further consecrated by the creation of the École polytechnique, which soon became controlled by the military technical corps. The "State corporation" model was then extended through the École polytechnique to the geographical engineers and the civil public services. The institutional conflicts among the technical corps during the National Constituent Assembly and those between them and the École polytechnique (1794-1799) are analyzed along these interpretative lines. While the former show their corporative resistance of geographical engineers in the name of equality, the latter bring out their corporative resistance to external education of candidates.

The Agrarian Reform and the City: The Great Expansion of Sibiu during the Interwar Years

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-44
Author(s):  
Diana Mihnea
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Technical Council ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Urban Territory

During the 1920s, the city of Sibiu expanded by approximately 250 hectares, with an area that was three times larger than its historical core. This great expansion was the result of the application of the agrarian reform, whose laws allowed and encouraged the creation of new building plots in the cities of Transylvania, Banat, Crișana and Maramureș. Although this was the largest territorial growth of the city up until that time, it was not controlled by the municipality and its Technical Office. In fact, the city authorities were excluded from most stages of the decision-making process. All the decisions were taken by the central and local institutions of the Ministry of Agriculture and Domains that were in charge with the application of the agrarian reform. The territorial expansion was not based on any large-scale studies regarding the needs of the city or the impact on its future development. In fact, the proportions and the directions of the city’s expansion were dictated mostly by the number of accepted requests for building plots and by the position of the areas that could be expropriated and that were suitable to be parcelled. The creation of the large new allotments was simultaneous with the efforts of the municipality to draft a systematisation plan that was now urgently necessary, given the rapidly changing situation of the city, and it was imposed by the new administrative legislation of Romania. So, shortly after the parceling plans were issued and the new building plots were distributed to those entitled, a preliminary systematization plan – drafted between 1926 and 1928 – proposed the revision of the new allotments and the modification of the procedure for assigning the building plots according to a system that would allow a gradual territorial growth of the city. Hence, during the second half of the 1920s and the beginning of the 1930s there were ample negotiations over the new urban territory, involving not only the Ministry of Agriculture and Domains, but also the Ministry of Interior and the Superior Technical Council. In the end, after almost a decade of negotiations, only minor adjustments were made to the allotments and the provisions of the systematisation plan were only partly applied.

HIGH-TECH — THE BIRTH OF STYLE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.И. Возвышаева
Keyword(s):  
Local Time ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Architectural Style ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
The Creation ◽  
British Architecture

Статья раскрывает механизмы формирования понятия «стиль хай-тек». Как архитектурный стиль он представляет собой локальное явление в британской архитектуре между 1967 и 1987 годами и ограничен определенным кругом архитекторов. Однако новые внестилевые подходы, разработанные его лидерами, сегодня нашли широкое применение и активно используются, оказав огромное влияние на развитие современной архитектуры. В статье прослеживается процесс интенсивных поисков концепций и профессиональных методов, которые привели к созданию иной, соответствующей времени прорывных технологий архитектуры. Article reveals mechanisms of the formation the concept of “Style high-tech”. As an architectural style, it is a phenomenon in British architecture of the local time between 1967 and 1987 and limited to a certain circle of architects. However new out-of-style approaches of its leaders are widely used and had a huge impact on the development of modern architecture. The article traces the process of searching for concepts and professional methods that led to the creation of a new architecture, corresponding to the time of breakthrough technologies.

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